尼美舒利对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用研究

尼美舒利(Nime)0．6、30、15mg·kg^-1对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的原发性和继发性炎症反应均有明显的抑制作用，用药组继发性炎痘反应的全身症状也明显减轻，而Nime对佐剂性关节炎大鼠低下的脾细胞增殖反应和腹腔巨噬细胞产生过高的IL-1活性却无明显影响，提示Nime无明显的免疫作用，该结果表明，Nime对佐剂性关节炎大鼠有明显的治疗作用，这一作用可能与Nime有较强的抗炎作甩有关。     

The chemotherapy of posterior Fossa tumors in childhood

Conventional therapy for brain tumors, consisting of neurosurgical intervention and radiotherapy, has not resulted in the successes achievable in other childhood malignancies. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy, well defined in many childhood cancers, has not yet contributed significantly to the treatment of children with brain tumors. Chemotherapy of recurrent tumors has produced regressions but no cures. The most active agents identified to date in the treatment of recurrent posterior fossa tumors include cisplatinum, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. Future efforts will need to focus on the rational selection of drugs for study in limited agent histology-stratified phase II trials, with advancement of active agents into large randomized phase III adjuvant therapy trials.     

MANAGEMENT OF SEMINOMA OF THE TESTIS: RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON TREATMENT RESULTS

Background : The results of management of seminoma of the testis at the Department of Radiation Oncology St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney were evaluated retrospectively to: (i) establish that outcomes were in keeping with published results from centres in Australia and overseas; (ii) assess the impact of chemotherapy on management; and (iii) to determine ‘best practice’ management protocols based on our results and a review of the relevant literature. Methods : (i) Assessment of treatment results for stage I and II seminoma of the testis treated by post-orchidectomy radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy at St Vincent's Hospital between 1979 and 1993; (ii) literature review of published data from Australian and overseas centres on the management of seminoma of the testis, and in particular the use of surveillance or chemotherapy either alone, at time of relapse or combined with radiotherapy; and (iii) development of recommendations for use as management protocols in our department. Results : Our data and a review of the literature suggest that post-orchidectomy radiotherapy with chemotherapy for relapse in stage I and IIA disease results in long-term cure rates approaching 100%. Treatment with chemotherapy either routinely or selectively or using a surveillance policy is unlikely to show any improvement in outcome and may be less cost-effective and/or produce increased morbidity and the risk of secondary leukaemia. For stage IIB disease (5–10 cm) the use of initial combination chemotherapy with or without subsequent radiotherapy did not appear to give better outcomes than initial radical radiotherapy alone, reserving chemotherapy or further radiotherapy for relapse. For bulkier stage IIB disease (> 10cm). the use of initial chemotherapy plus consolidation radiotherapy appeared to be an appropriate treatment. Conclusions : Management protocols for seminoma of the testis at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney Department of Radiation Oncology currently are (i) stage I, IA and IIB (5–10 cm): post-orchidectomy radiotherapy alone with chemotherapy or further radiotherapy for relapse; and (ii) stage IIB (> 10 cm) disease: initial chemotherapy post-orchidectomy followed by radiotherapy to sites of initial disease involvement.     

Cerebral primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour following treatment of a unilateral retinoblastoma

Summary Cerebral primitive neuro-ectodermal tumour (PNET) occurring as a second primary malignancy in childhood is exceedingly rare. We present a 7-year-old boy who developed a proven supratentorial PNET five years after enucleation and radio-/chemotherapy for a sporadic, unilateral retinoblastoma with optic nerve invasion. The association with this malignant eye disease as well as the effect of irradiation and multi-agent chemotherapy on second tumour induction are evaluated.     

未能切除的胰腺癌行区域性导向化疗临床应用报告

自１９８９－１９９２年间，作者共收治胰腺癌１９０例，其中有１５９例未能切除，对其中３０例采用了区域性导向化疗，即在手术中经胃网膜石动脉逆行置管至胃十二指肠动脉，术后经该导管注入５－ＦＵ等化疗药物，一般每日２５０ｍｇ，共达１－２个月。根据随诊的１０８例按手术方式分为Ａ组单纯探查２４例，Ｂ组单纯胆肠转流５４例，Ｃ组单纯探查加区域性化疗１８例，Ｄ组胆肠转流加区域性化疗１２例。中位期分别为Ａ组３．５个月，     

Treatment options for primary splenic low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas

The purpose of this comparative study was to evaluate the response of primary splenic low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) to chemotherapy, splenectomy, and chemotherapy combined with splenectomy in order to elaborate the optimum treatment modality. A total of 104 patients (age range: 15–82 years) with primary low‐grade B‐cell NHL of the spleen were comprised by our study. Stage IV disease was determined in 102 (98.1%) cases. Regarding the treatment modality, splenectomy was performed in 14 patients, early splenectomy and single‐agent chemotherapy in 15, early splenectomy and combined chemotherapy in 19, single‐agent chemotherapy in 23, and combined chemotherapy in 33. In the above‐mentioned order, complete remission rate was following: none, 40.0, 31.6, 21.8, and 18.2%. Partial remissions were achieved in 85.7, 46.7, 57.9, 30.4, and 69.7% of cases, respectively. The median remission duration turned out to be longer (74.5 months) in the group of patients with complete remissions attained by means of splenectomy and combined chemotherapy. Local relapses in the spleen developed in 19 (72.7%) patients treated with combined chemotherapy and in 9 (90.0%), who had undergone single‐agent chemotherapy. The 5‐year overall survival was 54.4% after splenectomy, 39.4% after single‐agent chemotherapy, and 37.1% after combined chemotherapy, being significantly higher (P < 0.05) after splenectomy and single‐agent chemotherapy (67.2%), and splenectomy followed by combined chemotherapy (64.7%). Early splenectomy combined with chemotherapy is the optimum treatment option for primary low‐grade NHL of the spleen because of the superiority in complete remission rate, remission duration, and in overall survival rate. Splenectomy leads to somatic compensation of patients, makes impossible local relapsing in the spleen, prevents continuous dissemination from the primary tumor site, and mostly corrects cytopenias, creating better conditions for chemotherapy.     

Use of an Implantable Catheter System for Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer

Abstract: To check the efficiency of intraperitoneal chemotherapy of ovarian carcinomas, 15 patients were treated with instillations of mitoxantrone or cisplatinum. An implantable catheter system was used to access the abdominal cavity. Local therapy proved to be without any effect when large tumor masses were treated. Patients with small tumor residues after surgery did not benefit either, partly because of extraperitoneal progress of the disease. Patients without evidence of disease proved to be stable. Side effects of the therapy were usually mild compared with those of systemic chemotherapy. Access to the peritoneal cavity with the implantable catheter proved to be safe and reliable.     

The effect of adjuvant therapy with or without tamoxifen on the endocrine function of patients with breast cancer

The ovarian and pituitary functions of 64 operable breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy with cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or tamoxifen were investigated. The post menopausal patients, divided into 3 treatment groups, one with tamoxifen alone, one with tamoxifen and chemotherapy and the other with chemotherapy alone had serum estradiol 17-β (E2) and progesterone levels lower than the evaluable limits. Although there was no significant difference in the level of estrone sulfate (E1-S) between these three groups, the level of lutainizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the patients treated with tamoxifen alone and tamoxifen and chemotherapy were significantly lower than those treated with chemotherapy alone. The decrease in gonadotropin levels induced by tamoxifen treatment was reversible as it appeared after the initiation of tamoxifen and recovered after its cessation. In the premenopausal patients, a group treated with tamoxifen and chemotherapy had significantly higher E1-S, E2 and progesterone levels and significantly lower gonadotropin levels than a group treated with chemotherapy alone or one treated with a cyclophosphamide regimen. These increases in the levels of estrogen and progesterone were also reversible, and induced by tamoxifen. Thus, adjuvant endocrinochemotherapy causes profound alteration in the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis and therefore, monitoring a variety of hormonal levels is thought to be necessary for assessing the consequences of adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients, especially in premenopausal patients using tamoxifen.     

Immunoadjuvant action of liposomes for entrapped Japanese Encephalitis virus E－glucoprotein

ＩｍｍｕｎｏａｄｊｕｖａｎｔａｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｐｏｓｏｍｅｓｆｏｒｅｎｔｒａｐｐｅｄＪａｐａｎｅｓｅＥｎｃｅｐｈａｌｉｔｉｓｖｉｒｕｓＥ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ￥ＨｕＪｕｎ（胡军）；ＭａＷｅｎｙｕ（马文煜）；ＨｕａｎｇＱｉｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（黄庆生）...     

化疗对淋巴瘤伴乙肝病毒感染患者肝功能影响的回顾性分析

目的研究化疗对淋巴瘤伴乙肝病毒感染患者肝功能的影响。方法回顾性病例分析，比较50例HBsAg（-）、20例HBsAg（＋）和18例小三阳的恶性淋巴瘤患者化疗后肝功能变化情况。结果HBsAg（-）组、HBsAg（＋）组和小三阳组化疗后Ⅲ级以上肝功能损害分别是0％、15％、55％。结论伴乙肝病毒感染的淋巴瘤患者化疗后肝功能损害明显，尤其小三阳患者损害更为严重，甚至死亡。