Eight-channel transmit/receive body MRI coil at 3T.

Multichannel transmit magnetic resonance imaging (MR) systems have the potential to compensate for signal-intensity variations occurring at higher field strengths due to wave propagation effects in tissue. Methods such as RF shimming and local excitation in combination with parallel transmission can be applied to compensate for these effects. Moreover, parallel transmission can be applied to ease the excitation of arbitrarily shaped magnetization patterns. The implementation of these methods adds new requirements in terms of MRI hardware. This article describes the design of a decoupled eight-element transmit/receive body coil for 3T. The setup of the coil is explained, starting with standard single-channel resonators. Special focus is placed on the decoupling of the elements to obtain independent RF resonators. After a brief discussion of the underlying theory, the properties and limitations of the coil are outlined. Finally, the functionality and capabilities of the coil are demonstrated using RF measurements as well as MRI sequences.     

Women's Health Medicine 3:3 (May-June 2006) Self-appraisal Women and the ovary

Women and the ovary: self-appraisal     

人参银杏合剂对模拟海拔8000米低氧大鼠的保护作用研究

目的 :研究人参银杏合剂对模拟海拔 80 0 0米低氧大鼠脑组织及血液内丙二酰二甲醛 (MDA)、乳酸含量的影响 ,并探讨其机理。方法 :用成年 SD大白鼠随机分为常氧对照组 (NC组 ) ,急性低氧组 (AH组 ) ,人参银杏合剂加低氧组 (GH组 ) ;分别测定各组的脑含水量、脑组织和血液 MDA和乳酸的含量。结果 :(1)与 NC组相比 ,AH组的脑含水量明显增高 (P<0 .0 1) ,GH组脑含水量较 AH组显著降低 (P<0 .0 5 )。(2 ) AH组脑组织匀浆和血液 MDA含量明显高于 NC组 (P<0 .0 1) ,GH组的 MDA含量较 AH组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。 (3) AH组脑组织匀浆和血液乳酸含量明显高于 NC组 (P<0 .0 1) ,GH组的乳酸含量较 AH组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :人参银杏合剂对高原缺氧脑损伤具有保护作用 ,其机理与其抗氧自由基、与膜脂质过氧化作用、改善细胞能量代谢有关。     

新法加工附子与附片抗炎镇痛作用比较研究

目的：比较新法加工附子在总生物碱高于附片13倍时，其抗炎、镇痛的效果是否有差异。方法：通过小鼠热板法、扭体法、小鼠耳廓肿胀法和大鼠足趾肿胀法进行镇痛和抗炎作用比较。结果：二者对热板法小鼠的痛阈值均无提高．均能减少酒石酸钾所致小鼠扭体次数．对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶所致大鼠足趾肿胀具有抑制作用。但二者之间比较差异无显著性。结论：新法加工附子保存了其原有疗效，但和总生物碱无量效相关性，其中是否有新的活性成份，有待进一步研究探讨。     

Influence of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors in the immune response triggered by renal ischemia–reperfusion injury

Bradykinin B1 receptors are exclusively expressed in inflamed tissues. For this reason, they have been related with the outcomes of several pathologies. Ischemia–reperfusion injury is caused by the activation of inflammatory and cytoprotective genes, such as macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 and heme oxygenase-1, respectively. This study was aimed to analyze the involvement of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors (B1R and B2R) in tissue response after renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. For that, B1R (B1−/−), B2R (B2−/−) knockout animals and its control (wild-type mice, B1B2+/+) were subjected to renal bilateral ischemia, followed by 24, 48 and 120 h of reperfusion. At these time points, blood serum samples were collected for creatinine and urea dosages. Kidneys were harvested for histology and molecular analyses by real-time PCR. At 24 and 48 h of reperfusion, B1−/− group resulted in the lowest serum creatinine and urea levels, indicating less renal damage, which was proved by renal histology. Renal protection associated with B1−/− mice was also related with higher expression of HO-1 and lower expression of MCP-1. In conclusion, the absence of B1R had a protective role against inflammatory responses developed after renal ischemia–reperfusion injury.     

中西医结合治疗酒精性肝病的疗效观察

目的　观察用常规方法及中西医结合方法治疗酒精性肝病的疗效差异。方法　将 5 6例酒精性肝病患者随机分为二组 ,对照组常规方法治疗 ,治疗组常规方法加中医辩证施治。结果　两组治疗三个月后 ,治疗组消化道症状消除 ,GOT/GPT恢复正常 ,γ -GT恢复正常 ,B超声像图好转等四个观察指标明显优于对照组。结论　中西医结合治疗酒精性肝病目前仍是可靠和可取的方法     

心肌缺血患者白细胞计数动态变化及其活性研究

目的:探讨心肌缺血患者外周血白细胞计数及活性与心肌缺血发生发展的相关性。方法:对74例心肌缺血患者进行回顾性统计,以白细胞计数lO×109/L分组,大于此数患者归于异常组,小于此数则属于正常组.把心肌缺血患者分为两组.一组为心肌梗死组,另一组为心绞痛组,以健康体检者为对照组,分别就患者组与健康对照组在ld～3d/4d~6d/7d—lOd/lld—14d分四个阶段进行白细胞计数及活性测定。结果:心肌梗死组的白细胞计数明显高于冠心病组及正常对照组;随着病情的减轻白细胞计数逐渐下降,其白细胞活性与其记数呈正相关;且心肌梗死组白细胞教异常的病例数明显高于冠心病组及正常对照组。结论:白细胞数及活性的升高参与了心肌缺血的病理生理过程。     

Risk factors of type 2 diabetes among Korean adults: The 2001 Korean national health and nutrition examination survey

This study aimed to identify risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Korea, a rapidly changing country. Data of 5,132 adults aged 20-85 were used from the 2001 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to identify risk factors for T2D. Three models were specified: (i) socioeconomic and demographic factors (model 1: age, gender, education, poverty income ratio, employment), (ii) behavioral risk factors and covariates (model 2: obesity, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary quality, family history of T2D, co-morbidity) and (iii) socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors (model 3). The prevalence of T2D was 7.4%. Less education (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.84), age (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.56-3.08 in 40-59 yrs, OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.76-5.95 in 60 yrs + comparing to 20-39 yrs) and abdominal obesity (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.79-2.82) were risk factors for T2D even after controlling for other factors simultaneously. There was a significant association of T2D with ever smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.67). The relationship of age with T2D was modified by gender in model 1 and the relationship of smoking with T2D was modified by obesity in model 2. Less educated, older, obese or ever smokers were more likely to have T2D. Gender mediated the relationship of age, and obesity mediated the relationship of smoking, with T2D. Intervention programs for T2D in Korea should take the interactions among risk factors into account.     

高温高湿环境下守岛官兵训练时脑血流和脑电生理的变化研究

目的 探讨高温高湿环境下守岛官兵训练前后脑血流和脑电生理的变化,为临床防治热致疾病提供依据.方法 从守岛官兵中随机抽取在常温常湿环境下温度(27.40±1.37)℃,湿度(50.25±6.76)%]新兵100名为常温新兵组,高温高湿环境下(温度≥35℃,湿度≥80%)新兵100名为高温新兵组;高温高湿环境下服役2～3 年的官兵100名为高温老兵组.受试者负重15 kg,分次在3000 m/15 min,5000 m/30 min和10 000 m/45 min内完成跑步训练.10 000 m训练后,根据受试者脑血流高低又分为脑血流增高组(24名)、脑血流降低组(46名)和脑血流正常组(230名).训练前后行经颅多普勒血流诊断仪和脑电图仪检测.结果 (1)3000 m训练后3组受试官兵脑平均血流速度(Vm)较训练前均显著增高(P＜0.01),但5000 m和10 000 m训练后,常温新兵组降低6%和16%,高温老兵组降低5%和15%,高温新兵组降低14%和31%,比常温新兵组和高温老兵组低(P＜0.01);(2)10 000 m训练前后3组脑电图均在正常范围,3组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(3)10 000 m训练后脑血流增高组和降低组脑电图比正常血流组活跃(P＜0.01).结论 高温高湿环境下10 000 m训练对官兵的脑血流有较大的影响,但对脑电生理无影响,老兵在此环境下则表现出较好的热耐受力和适应性.