The effect of acute alcohol intoxication on psychometric testing and 5-HT-induced platelet aggregation in normal subjects; modulatory role of evening primrose oil

Groups of university students were exposed acutely to alcohol (100 ml vodka) and their performance in the Bexley Maudsley Automated Psychological Screening Tests (BMAPS) was assessed. Blood samples were also taken to assess platelet aggregation to 5-HT challenge. After 1 week administration of Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) or placebo under double-blind conditions the students were re-assessed. No mean difference was found in the psychometric testing of any of the groups either before or after the administration of EPO; however 5-HT-induced platelet aggregation was significantly potentiated in those groups exposed to alcohol, and was further increased in the group receiving EPO. These results suggest that platelet aggregation in response to 5-HT is more sensitive than psychometric tests commonly used to assess alcoholism in detecting changes due to acute alcohol intoxication.     

姜黄油抗真菌作用的超微结构研究

本文应用透射电镜对姜黄油的抗石膏样毛癣菌的超微结构进行了研究。其初步结果:正常对照组在电镜下可见孢子呈圈形或椭圆形,中央可见胞核,细胞质中隐约可见板层状膜状结构和颗粒核醣体。细胞壁较厚,分为二层,内层电子密度低,外层电子密度较高。菌丝呈长条形可见中隔。纯姜黄油组和0.1%姜黄油乙醇组可见到细胞壁肿胀,膜的完整性被破坏,细胞质内出现多数空泡或均质化。上述所见与试管内药物敏感试验相符合,初步阐明姜黄油在体外试验中有较强的抗石膏样毛癣菌的作用。     

莪术油对小鼠肝癌细胞DNA作用的图像分析

目的:揭示莪术油对小鼠肝癌细胞增殖的抑制机理。方法:用莪术油进行2次抑制小鼠肝癌HepA实验,用病理细胞图像分析仅分析莪术油对小鼠肝癌细胞核DNA含量的影响。结果:莪术油对小鼠肝癌HepA的抑瘤率分别为51.85％和51.16％,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。莪术油能降低小鼠HepA肝癌细胞的DNA光密度值(249.28±70.53∶430.23±160.06,P<0.005)、核面积(623.48±227.65∶1073.29±100.99μm~2,P<0.005)及DNA指数(2.376±0.672∶4.481±0.706,P<0.001),同时能提高肝癌细胞中二倍体细胞的比例(29.00±9.345∶2.97±5.69％,P<0.001)及降低超五倍体细胞比例(30.04±15.10％∶70.89±14.94％,P<0.001)。结论:莪术油具抗肝癌作用,其机理可能与其抑制肿瘤细胞DNA合成有及增殖活性有关。     

Influence of oil droplet surface charge on the performance of antibody--emulsion conjugates.

Targeted drug delivery requires binding of (and subsequent uptake by) the carrier to target cells. The purpose of our present study is to compare the binding and uptake of emulsions with different electric surface properties to SK-BR3 cell line, which over-expresses the HER2 receptor. Cationic emulsion was prepared by incorporating 0.25% w/w of the cationic lipid, stearylamine in the formulation while the anionic emulsion formulation was identical but lacking stearylamine. Immunoemulsions were prepared by conjugating the 2-iminothiolane derivative of the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) through the reactive maleimide group of the octadecyl-4-(maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-carboxylic amide linker which was incorporated in the oil phase of the anionic and cationic emulsions. Cationic emulsion exhibited a droplet size of approximately 130 nm and a zeta potential of +50 mV compared to anionic emulsion with a droplet size of approximately 140 nm and a zeta potential of -30 mV which decreased to -5 mV following antibody coupling. There was no significant difference in the coupling efficiency of trastuzumab to anionic and cationic emulsions which was in the range of 60-70%. The cationic emulsion and immunoemulsion appeared to be physically stable over a long period of time, as indicated by particle-size measurements while the droplets of the anionic immunoemulsion coalesced with time resulting in phase separation within 20 days storage at 4 degrees C. The results of binding and uptake to cells showed that both cationic and anionic immunoemulsions bind and internalized to cells much more than the respective blank emulsions. The enhanced penetration of the probe coumarin-6 with both immunoemulsions clearly indicated that the internalization process was mainly controlled by a cell-receptor endocytosis mechanism mediated by the binding affinity of trastuzumab to the cell surface receptor since the uptake of the cationic immunoemulsion was not significantly different from the uptake of the anionic immunoemulsion. However, only the cationic immunoemulsion might be considered for further investigation in view of its long standing physical stability.     

三草油唇膏治疗热毒蕴脾型唇风病的临床疗效观察

目的:观察三草油唇膏治疗热毒蕴脾型唇风病的临床疗效及停药后患者复发情况。方法:将96例唇风病患者随机分为两组:试验组(三草油唇膏,49例)和对照组(地奈德乳膏,47例)。治疗4周后继续随访4周,比较两组患者唇部皮损面积、皮损范围评分、临床表现及程度评分、自觉症状及程度评分、复发率和停药至复发间隔的天数。结果:治疗4周后,试验组愈显率为83.67%(41/49),对照组为80.85%(38/47),两组间差异无统计学意义。随访4周后,试验组复发率(21.95%,9/41)显著低于对照组(60.53%,23/38)(P<0.05)。复发间隔天数试验组为9.00[7.50,11.50]d,对照组为4.00[2.00,6.00]d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:三草油唇膏和地奈德乳膏对唇风病均有较好疗效,三草油唇膏可以降低慢性唇炎的复发率。     

“活血降脂胶囊”治疗高脂血症疗效观察

目的：探讨“活血降脂胶囊”治疗高脂血症的疗效。方法：将２２０例高脂血症患者随机分为治疗组１４０例和对照组８０例；用酶法测定甘油三酯（ＴＧ）和胆固醇（ＴＣ），用沉淀法测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇；治疗方法：治疗组口服自制“活血降脂胶囊”，每次５粒（含生药０．３ｇ），每日３次；对照组口服月见草油，每次５粒，每日３次。疗程为２个月，治疗期间患者均用低脂饮食。结果：治疗组显效率与总有效率均优于对照组，Ｐ值分别为＜０．０５和Ｐ＜０．０１；治疗后２组ＴＣ、ＴＧ和ＨＤＬＣｈ改善亦均有显著性差异（Ｐ值分别＜０．０１和＜０．００１）。结论：“活血降脂胶囊”治疗高脂血症疗效较好，对防治心脑血管疾病具有一定意义     

莪术油对HSC-T6细胞基因表达的影响

目的:研究莪术油对HSC-T6细胞基因表达的影响.方法:从基因库中查询50种肝纤维化相关基因的mRNA序列,用寡核苷酸探针设计软件设计探针,在PE8909DNA合成仪上合成寡核苷酸,用OGR-04点样仪及醛基化玻片制备成基因芯片.以莪术油不同浓度含药培养液培养HSC-T6细胞.根据细胞毒性实验,确定细胞存活率在50%以上的药物浓度作为实验所用浓度,每组设空白对照,分别按1小时、6小时、12小时、24小时4个时间段收集细胞,按操作步骤提取细胞总RNA,经反转录荧光标记,杂交和洗涤,用Genepix 4000B扫描仪扫描芯片,ImaGene 4.2软件进行数据分析和归一化处理,使用看家基因和阳性对照对Cy3和Cy5扫描结果进行校正.结果:莪术油78.125μg/ml作用HSC-T6细胞24小时,可使基因TIMP-2、IL-6表达分别下调2.3、2.2倍.结论:从分子水平揭示了莪术有效成分莪术油的抗肝纤维化机制.     

Nutritional impact on the plasma metabolome of rats

Metabolite profiling (metabolomics) elucidates changes in biochemical pathways under various conditions, e.g., different nutrition scenarios or compound administration. BASF and metanomics have obtained plasma metabolic profiles of approximately 500 compounds (agrochemicals, chemicals and pharmaceuticals) from 28-day rat studies. With these profiles the establishment of a database (MetaMap^®Tox) containing specific metabolic patterns associated with many toxicological modes of action was achieved. To evaluate confounding factors influencing metabolome patterns, the effect of fasting vs. non-fasting prior to blood sampling, the influence of high caloric diet and caloric restriction as well as the administration of corn oil and olive oil was studied for its influence on the metabolome. All mentioned treatments had distinct effects: triacylglycerol, phospholipids and their degradation product levels (fatty acids, glycerol, lysophosphatidylcholine) were often altered depending on the nutritional status. Also some amino acid and related compounds were changed. Some metabolites derived from food (e.g. alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, beta-sitosterol, campesterol) were biomarkers related to food consumption, whereas others indicated a changed energy metabolism (e.g. hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate). Strikingly, there was a profound difference in the metabolite responses to diet restriction in male and female rats. Consequently, when evaluating the metabolic profile of a compound, the effect of nutritional status should be taken into account.     

四氧化三铁微粒与碘化油混悬液栓塞肝癌血管的疗效

目的:研究四氧化三铁微粒与碘化油混悬液对原发性肝癌供瘤血管的影响。方法:对98例经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗的原发性肝癌患者进行回顾性的研究。栓塞方法分为3组:A组(碘化油+化疗药物的混悬液),B组(碘化油+化疗药物的混悬液+明胶海绵)和C组(碘化油+化疗药物+四氧化三铁微粒的混悬液)。比较栓塞后供瘤血管再通情况。结果:B组与C组的血管未再通率明显高于A组(P<0.01),而部分再通率及完全再通率明显低于A组(P<0.01);B组与C组的血管再通率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:栓塞后肿瘤供瘤血管再通与所用栓塞方法有关,四氧化三铁微粒与碘化油混悬液对肝癌患者进行栓塞治疗是一种更有效的方法。     

Analysis and stability of the constituents of Curcuma longa and Harpagophytum procumbens tinctures by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS

In the present study two methods based on liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) coupled to an electrospray ionisation (ESI-MS) interface were developed for the determination of constituents in the tinctures (60%, v/v, DER 1:5) of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens L.). The developed simple and effective assays permitted the quality control of both tinctures. The aim of this work was to assess the qualitative and quantitative profile of the constituents of two widely marketed commercial preparations and to evaluate chemical stability of their marker constituents during accelerated thermal stability test by HPLC analysis. Characteristic constituents of C. longa rhizomes are the curcuminoids, whereas characteristic constituents of H. procumbens are acylated iridoid glycosides and phenylethylalcohols. Constituents of Devil's claw tincture (mainly iridoids) were more stable than curcuminoids of turmeric.