不同海拔青蒿生长及青蒿素累积的动态变化研究

对青蒿在不同海拔的生长及青蒿素累积动态变化进行试验研究,结果表明,不同海拔青蒿植株高度、生物量及青蒿素的累积都有显著差异,海拔1000m以下的青蒿生长快,青蒿素含量及产量也高。青蒿素含量及产量与海拔高度呈负相关,与生育期日均温呈正相关,青蒿素产量与植株含水量呈正相关,青蒿素含量与植株含水量呈负相关。综合分析表明,海拔1000m以下适度高温、低湿环境有利于青蒿素的累积。     

Antiinflammatory and antioxidant activity of Hypericum rumeliacum Boiss. subsp. apollinis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Robson & Strid methanol extract

Plants of the genus Hypericum are widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ailments (including pectic ulcers), burns, swelling, inflammation, anxiety, as well as for bacterial and viral infections. The aerial parts of Hypericum rumeliacum Boiss. subsp. apollinis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Robson & Strid (Guttiferae), a perennial herb growing wild in Greece, were subjected to biological and phytochemical studies. The H. rumeliacum methanol extract showed, on the DPPH test, antioxidant activity (IC(50) = 23.61 microg/mL). The antiinflammatory activity of the extract (70 mg/kg, i.p.), in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rat, was studied. In this experimental model an inhibition of paw oedema, significant from the first to third hour, was observed. The histological examination confirmed resolution of the inflammatory process observed in vivo. Through HPLC analysis of the H. rumeliacum methanol extract, the naphthodianthrones hypericin, pseudohypericin and some polyphenol compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, rutin and isoquercitrin, were identified and quantified. The antioxidant activity of H. rumeliacum could be chiefly related to polyphenol compounds that are well known as the main contributors to the free radical-scavenging effects. The antiinflammatory effect of the methanol extract of the aerial parts could be due to the synergic action both of hypericin and polyphenol compounds.     

青蒿总香豆素解热作用及其机理初步研究

目的:研究青蒿总香豆素解热(降温)作用并探讨其作用机理。方法:从黄花蒿中提取总香豆素,利用内生致热原性家兔发热模型,观察青蒿总香豆素对发热家兔体温的影响并测定脑脊液、血清中前列腺素E₂(PGE₂)、环单磷酸腺苷(cAMP)水平以及肝脏、腓肠肌钠泵活性。结果:青蒿总香豆素可以显著降低正常及发热家兔体温,抑制肝脏、腓肠肌组织钠泵活性,降低发热家兔血液及脑脊液PGE₂水平,对血液及脑脊液cAMP水平变化无明显影响。结论:香豆素成分可能是青蒿解热降温的有效部位,其作用机制与抑制钠泵活性及降低中枢PGE₂水平有关。     

三羊益心康胶囊对麻醉犬血流动力学和心肌耗氧量的影响

目的:观察三羊益心康胶囊对麻醉犬血流动力学和心肌耗氧量的影响。方法:采用麻醉犬在体心脏实验法,经十二指肠给予三羊益心康胶囊,于给药后不同时间点测定血流动力学和心肌耗氧量各项参数。结果:三羊益心康胶囊能明显增加麻醉犬冠脉血流量、心输出量、心搏出量、心脏指数、心搏指数,降低总外周阻力和冠状动脉阻力,减少心肌耗氧量、心肌耗氧指数及心肌氧摄取率。结论:三羊益心康胶囊能明显改善麻醉犬血流动力学,降低心肌耗氧量。     

Epitope mapping of a common 57 kDa antigen of Leishmania species by monoclonal antibodies

BALB/c mice were immunized with freeze-thawed promastigote of Leishmania infantum. Five monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were selected, four IgM (designated as P1A9, P2G8, P5E3 and P6B3) and one IgG1 (P3D2). ELISA and Western blot analysis suggested that all monoclonal antibodies are specific to a band of 57 kDa antigen of L. infantum as well as other three Leishmania species (L. tropica, L. major and L. donovani). ELISA additivity tests revealed four epitopes on 57 kDa antigen as defined by four IgM monoclonal antibodies. Three distinct epitopes were recognized by P1A9, P2G8, and P6B3 antibodies and one epitope recognized by P5E3 antibody that shared with P2G8, and P6B3 epitopes. The 57 kDa protein was purified with affinity column and was shown to possess proteolytic activity. It seems that 57 kDa protein is the major surface Leishmania antigen (gp63) that has been used as subunit vaccine with appropriate adjuvant and induced protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice.     

Association between Disability,Cognition, Fatigue,EQ-5D-3L Domains,and Utilities Estimated with Different Western European Value Sets in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Objectives

To assess the association between fatigue, cognition, domains of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), disability, and utilities estimated with several Western European value sets in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Phytotherapeutic effects of the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. on cancer,inflammation, and digestive dysfunction

Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. belongs to the family Rutaceae in the genus Poncirus. Its fruits are widely used to alleviate symptoms of various disorders. The mature fruit (MF) possesses anticancer and antiinflammatory activities. Extracts of the dried, immature fruit, Poncirus fructus (PF) are widely used as a traditional medicine for ameliorating symptoms of digestive dysfunction in East Asia. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the effects of MF and PF extracts on cancer, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders have been extensively studied in the past decade. This review summarizes recent findings on the anticancer and antiinflammatory effects of MF and the prokinetic effects of PF. Although the therapeutic effects of MF and PF have been clearly elucidated, in‐depth further clinical studies are still required to completely verify the clinical efficacy and safety of the fruits of P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.     

The safety of St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) in pregnancy and lactation: A systematic review of rodent studies

Herbal products are popular among women during the perinatal period. St John's wort (SJW), Hypericum perforatum, is a common remedy for mild depression, a problem prevalent in this population. Although the safety of herbal products must be investigated, ethical issues constrain intervention studies in humans. Hence, animal studies often inform clinical decisions. The objective of this study is to systematically review rodent studies assessing the safety of SJW during the perinatal period. A literature search to November 10, 2017, identified 10 rodent studies that met a priori inclusion criteria. Study quality was evaluated according to both the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation tool for assessing bias and recommendations for appropriate reporting of herbal medicine research. Significant methodological limitations were found in each of the studies reviewed. These limitations include the lack of botanical verification and omission of extract characterization, inadequate explanation of dosage rationale, and absence of bias limiting protocols. Critical appraisal with contemporary tools indicates that each of the reviewed studies lacks appropriate rigour, rendering the results unreliable. Despite this, these papers are used in the rationale for recommending or contraindicating SJW during pregnancy and lactation.