An endogastric capsule for measuring tumor markers in gastric juice: an evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a new diagnostic tool.

BACKGROUND: In gastric juice, high levels of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) have been found to correlate with precancerous lesions and gastric cancer. So far, sampling of gastric juice has required upper endoscopy. In place of this invasive procedure, we investigated a new tool for the quantitation of tumor markers in gastric juice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of healthy controls and consecutive subjects with suspected gastric cancer or dyspepsia/epigastric distress. Patients were asked to swallow a small gelatine capsule (14 mm in length and 5 mm in diameter) containing a pierced plastic cover and surrounding a piece of absorbent paper. The capsule was left in the gastric cavity for 60 min to allow saturation of the absorbent paper with gastric juice. A 45-50 cm length of nylon thread connected to the inner capsule was used to remove the device from the gastric cavity. After processing the absorbent paper for radioimmunoassay, CEA and CA 19-9 levels were correlated to the findings of upper endoscopy and biopsies of gastric mucosa or suspected lesions. RESULTS: The endogastric capsule did not cause any side-effects and 62 participants were fully compliant to the procedure. Assessable gastric juice samples were taken from 23 patients with gastric cancer, 15 patients with intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia, 12 patients with gastritis and 12 controls without gastric diseases. In the 12 samples of gastric juice from control patients, mean values of CEA and CA 19-9 were 1.1 +/- 0.9 ng/ml and 16 +/- 7.5 ng/ml, respectively. The mean levels of both markers were found to increase according to the severity of gastric lesions and in patients with cancer, mean CEA and CA 19-9 levels were 513 +/- 627 ng/ml and 545 +/- 510 ng/ml, respectively. Patients with precancerous lesions and cancer showed higher levels of CEA and CA 19-9 than patients with normal findings or gastritis (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The endogastric capsule is a simple, non-invasive tool for the measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 levels in gastric juice. These values may discriminate between normal or minor pathologic changes and precancerous lesions or carcinomas. Further investigations are warranted, since this may represent a new method for gastric cancer screening.     

固肾止漏胶囊治疗功能性子宫出血临床研究

目的　观察固肾止漏胶囊治疗功能性子宫出血的临床疗效。方法　将 2 3 4例患者按年龄层次随机分为 2组 ,治疗组 1 5 6例用固肾止漏胶囊 ,对照组 78例用三七片。2组均每月连服 1 0日 ,3个月为 1个疗程 ,治疗 1个疗程观察疗效。结果　对照组治愈率 2 6.92 % ,总有效率 82 .0 5 % ;治疗组治愈率 83 .97% ,总有效率 97.44%。 2组治愈率、总有效率比较均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。结论　固肾止漏胶囊治疗功能性子宫出血具有良好疗效。     

盐酸乌拉地尔缓释胶囊的制备及体外释放度研究

目的:研制盐酸乌拉地尔缓释胶囊.方法:采用4因素3水平等水平正交试验L9(34)对处方进行筛选和优化,确定最佳处方及制备工艺.体外释放度的测定采用转篮法,以pH 6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液900mL为溶剂,转速50r·min-1,UV法定量测定波长269nm.结果:体外释放度研究结果表明,盐酸乌拉地尔缓释胶囊与对照品的释药特性相似,均符合Higuchi模型动力学释药过程.结论:本法研制的盐酸乌拉地尔缓释胶囊处方合理、工艺可行,体现了缓释制剂的特点.     

右归胶囊的补肾助阳作用研究

目的探讨右归胶囊的补肾助阳的作用。方法将氢化可的松诱发肾阳虚和对去势大鼠性器官的影响。结果右归胶囊能明显延长肾阳虚小鼠负重游泳时间;且使肾阳虚小鼠体温明显升高;并使去势大鼠精液囊、前列腺、提肛肌明显增重;还可提高去势大鼠阴茎对外部刺激的兴奋性。结论右归胶囊具有明显的补肾助阳作用。     

尸厥候中有关客观性耳鸣论述的价值探讨

尸厥候中有关客观性耳鸣论述的价值探讨樊玉林，李百川，许珉，宋春利我国先贤，早已重视耳鸣的临床价值。本文从《内经》、《史记》及《诸病源候论》（以下简称《病源》等古籍中，择撷三条类似客观性耳鸣的描述，初作探讨。系统描述客观性耳鸣的资料，最早见于尸厥候中。...     

精制血府胶囊治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床研究

为观察精制血府胶囊对冠心病心绞痛的治疗作用。方法５７例患者随机单盲分为 精制血府胶囊组与常规西药治疗组。结论：加用精制血府胶囊冠心病心绞痛比单用西药效果更好。     

中药对人工晶状体植入术后虹膜睫状体炎的治疗效果

目的：探讨中药对人工晶体状体植入术后虹膜睫状体炎的治疗效果。方法：对２４例（２９只眼）人工晶状体植入术后虹膜睫状体炎患者，在后马托品或托品酰胺滴眼散瞳的情况下，用口服血栓通胶囊和凉血清热泻肝汤加减进行了治疗和为期３个月￣１２个月的随访观察。结果：治疗时间最短为５天，最长者２１天，平均１１天。治愈２２例２７只眼（９３．１０％），未见复发，视力达０．６以上。好转２例２只眼（６．９％）。结论：在应用散瞳     

复发耐药性非霍奇金淋巴瘤小鼠肾包膜下移植肿瘤药敏测定的临床意义

目的:探讨小鼠肾包膜下移植肿瘤药敏测定(SRCA)在复发耐药NHL治疗中的作用.方法:对25例CHOP方案化疗后出现复发耐药的NHL病人进行了SRCA药敏测定,并依据SRCA结果进行化疗.结果:NHL肿瘤细胞在小鼠肾包膜下能够快速生长,移植成功率100%;复发耐药NHL对CTX、VCR、ADM表现为耐药,而对VP_(16)、MTX、DDP敏感性较高,其中对VP_(16)的敏感性显著高于CTX和VCR(P<0.05);依据药敏结果化疗,25例病人6例CR、13例PR,总有效率76%;其中21例接受由VP_(16)、MTX、DDP和强的松组成的方案治疗,6例CR,11例PR,有效率达81%.结论:NHL适宜用SRCA法进行药敏测定;复发耐药NHL的治疗可以VP_(16)、MTX和DDP为基础;化疗前进行SRCA药敏测定,能够减少用药盲目性,提高有效率.     

牛膝精胶囊预防肿瘤化疗所致白细胞减少Ⅱ期临床观察

 对45例恶性肿瘤患者,采用双盲随机对照分组(治疗组30例,对照组15例),观察中药新药牛膝精胶囊预防化疗所致白细胞减少的作用.结果:治疗组有效率(60.0%)与对照组(26.7%)比较在统计学上有显著差异(P<0.05),表明牛膝精胶囊确能预防化疗所致白细胞减少.     

通脉疏络胶囊预防脑血栓形成药效学研究

目的:探讨通脉疏络胶囊预防脑血栓形成药效学机理。方法:用通脉疏络胶囊给动物灌胃,观察有关指标。结果:用通脉疏络胶囊后小鼠血凝时间较对照组明显延长,用二磷酸腺苷诱导的大鼠血小板聚集明显降低,降低小鼠脑组织中因脑缺血所致的乳酸脱氢酶及肌酸激酶活性含量升高。结论:通脉疏络胶囊具有预防脑血栓形成的作用,其作用机理与延长血凝时间,降低血小板聚集,保护缺血脑细胞有关。