Pulmonary mixed-function oxidation: stimulation by glucose and the effects of metabolic inhibitors

Substrate requirements for pulmonary mixed-function oxidation of p-nitroanisole to p-nitrophenol were evaluated using the isolated perfused rabbit lung and a lung microsomal fraction. Addition of glucose (5 mM) to the lung perfusate (Krebs bicarbonate buffer) increased the mean rate of p-nitroanisole oxidation by 25–55 per cent; addition of pyruvate (5 mM) or palmitate (0.5 mM) gave similar results. Sucrose (5 mM) had no effect. Antimycin A, KCN, oligomycin and bis-hexafluoroacetonyl acetone (an uncoupling agent) markedly depressed p-nitroanisole metabolism by the isolated lung. KCN also inhibited p-nitroanisole metabolism by lung microsomes, but antimycin A was without effect. These results indicate that pulmonary mixed-function oxidation requires substrate for intermediary metabolism as well as ATP, for maintenance of maximal rates. Glucose and mitochondrial substrates are equally effective in providing the energy requirements and the reducing potential for this reaction.     

Platelet-mediated cardiac ischemia

Although platelets have been associated with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, the platelet's capacity for induction and propagation of cardiac ischemia remains incompletely defined. We therefore evaluated the effects of platelet activation occurring within the coronary circulation and tested the hypothesis that inhibition of platelet function would prevent platelet-induced cardiac ischemia. Human platelets were isolated from blood obtained from normal donors by Sepharose 2B column chromatography, resuspended in Hepes buffer, and added to the perfusate of a Langendorff rabbit heart (platelet counts > 10,000/μl). Without, and with low dose (10 μM) prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁), a reversible inhibitor of platelet function, immediate and irreversible global cardiac ischemia, as monitored by NADH fluorescent photography, ensued (N = 4) following platelet activation with thrombin (0.1 to 1 U/ml). Higher concentrations of PGE₁ (0.1 to 1 mM, N = 2) or aspirin ingestion (1000 mg taken approximately 12, 4, and 1 hr prior to experiment, N = 2) completely prevented this platelet-induced myocardial ischemia. Aspirin, unlike PGE₁, was effective despite its inability to block thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in our in vitro gel-filtered system. We conclude that activation of platelets within the coronary circulation is sufficient for induction of irreversible cardiac ischemia. The efficacy of aspirin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, further suggests that the products of arachidonate metabolism (e.g., thromboxanes) have a fundamental role in the genesis of platelet-mediated myocardial ischemia.     

抗衰老与走罐疗法

走罐疗法可以改善人体内环境、排除体内毒素,延缓人体的衰老进程。走罐疗法有改善血液和淋巴循环,增强组织器官的功能;有增加细胞活性,提高机体的免疫功能;有促进新陈代谢,排除体内毒素的功能;有改善内环境,增加局部组织的痛阈和耐痛阈的作用。并对其作用机制进行简单解释,旨在提高人们对走罐疗法的认识,对今后进一步深入研究提供理论依据。     

Three by three weeks of robot-enhanced repetitive gait therapy within a global rehabilitation plan improves gross motor development in children with cerebral palsy – a retrospective cohort study

AimTo assess the improvement in gross motor function following three blocks of a three-week, intensive robot-enhanced treadmill therapy (ROBERT-Program).Methodretrospective chart review in a before-after interventional trial in children with cerebral palsy attending a university hospital outpatient rehabilitation centre. Patients received three blocks of a three-week, 12 sessions ROBERT-Program over a mean period of 24 months. Outcome measures were block specific and cumulative improvement in GMFM 66, D and E. Longterm GMFM 66 improvements were compared to the individuals' expected increment as derived from previously published GMFM-66 percentiles. 95% confidence intervals (CI) and paired t-test were calculated.Results20 children (8 GMFCS Level II; 12 GMFCS Level III, mean age 5.9 years (CI: [5.0; 6.7])) were treated. For each block a significant increase in motor performance in similar size could be observed without deterioration between blocks. The cumulative improvement during 21 months observation period was: 6.5 (CI: [4.8; 8.2]) in GMFM 66, which represents a clinically meaningful effect size of 3.6 (CI: [1.4; 5.8]) above the expected improvement.InterpretationProgressive clinically meaningful improvement in motor performance for three blocks of ROBERT-Program was observed. Cumulative GMFM 66 improvements exceeded the individuals' age-specific expected course.     

电针梅花针火罐分期治疗周围性面瘫90例临床观察

目的：观察电针梅花针火罐分期治疗周围性面瘫的临床疗效。方法：将90例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各45例,治疗组采用电针梅花针火罐治疗,对照组采用电针治疗,观察两组的疗效差异。结果：治疗组愈显率为97．7％,对照组为86．6％,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：电针梅花针火罐分期治疗周围性面瘫有较好的临床疗效。     

综合推拿手法配合火罐疗法治疗颈椎后关节紊乱60例

目的探讨综合推拿手法配合火罐疗法治疗颈椎后关节紊乱的临床疗效和作用机理。方法60例颈椎后关节紊乱患者采用综合推拿手法配合火罐疗法进行治疗,观察治疗效果。结果治愈47例(78.3%),显效13例(21。7%),总有效率100%。结论综合推拿手法配合火罐疗法治疗颈椎后关节紊乱操作简便,疗效显著。     

围刺结合刺络拔罐治疗聚合性痤疮的随机对照研究

目的:观察围刺结合刺络拔罐治疗聚合性痤疮的临床疗效,探讨其机制。方法:选取52例聚合性痤疮患者,随机分为针刺组和西药组各26例。针刺组取痤疮局部围刺的基础上,合谷、血海、丰隆、三阴交穴常规针刺,每日治疗1次,同时,结合大椎、肺俞穴刺络拔罐,每周治疗2次;西药组选用异维A酸胶丸口服,10mg/次,每日3次;两组疗程均为4周。治疗结束后观察两组的临床疗效,并于治疗前后分别釆用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测血清白介素-6(IL-6)含量。结果:针刺组26例中,痊愈3例,显效14例,有效6例,无效3例,总有效率为88.5%;西药组26例中,痊愈4例,显效11例,有效7例,无效4例,总有效率84.6%;两组临床疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后血清IL-6水平较治疗前均明显下降(P<0.01),针刺组较西药组降低更明显(P<0.05)。西药组与针刺组比较有更为明显的不良反应。结论:围刺结合刺络拔罐治疗聚合性痤疮疗效显著,与西药疗效相当;降低血清IL-6水平,调节机体的免疫功能,可能是其促进皮损恢复的机制之一。     

针刺配合走罐治疗老年习惯性便秘临床观察

目的：探寻老年习惯性便秘的非药物治疗的有效方法。方法：将84例患者随机分为治疗组（针刺加走罐）和对照组（口服西药果导片）各42例,走罐隔日1次,针刺和对照组的果导每日1次,观察和比较两组患者便秘的改善情况。结果：治疗组近期临床显效率85．7％,明显优于对照组的59．5％,差异有显著性意义（P〈O．05）。远期（2月）两组疗效比较,临床痊、显率差异有非常显著性意义（P〈O．01）。结论：针刺配合走罐是治疗老年习惯性便秘的有效方法。     

拔罐对健康人体背部皮肤血流量的影响

目的：观察拔罐对健康人体背部不同部位皮肤血流量的影响。方法：运用经络罐通仪控制罐压为-0．04MPa,在健康受试者大椎及双侧大杼穴拔罐10min,通过激光散斑血流监测视频系统对大椎、身柱、神道、双侧肺俞、双侧心俞拔罐前,拔罐后即刻及拔罐后第5min、第10min、第15min、第20min、第25min、第30min的血流量进行记录。结果：起罐即刻,大椎、身柱及双侧肺俞血流量较拔罐前明显升高（均P〈0．05）;与起罐即刻相比,大椎在起罐20min后各时间点,身柱在起罐后10min、15min,双侧肺俞在起罐即刻后各时间点,血流量均明显下降（均P〈0．05）。神道、双侧心俞血流量在拔罐前后的差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论：拔罐疗法可引起皮肤血流量的变化,且距离拔罐区域越近血流变化越明显。