薄层扫描法测定枫香槲寄生中齐敦果酸的含量

目的：建立枫香槲寄生含量测定方法。方法：采用薄层扫描法,波长：λS=520nm,λR=700nm。结果：齐敦果酸在0.621-4.968μg范围内有良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率为96.6%（RSD=2.09%）。结论：本方法准确、重现性好,适用于枫香槲寄生的质量控制。     

红果槲寄生的化学成分研究

目的研究红果槲寄生Viscum coloratum f.rubroauranticacum的化学成分。方法采用溶剂提取和多种色谱方法分离纯化,根据化合物的理化常数和波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果分离并鉴定了11个化合物,分别为齐墩果酸(1)、7,3′,4′-三甲基槲皮素(2)、浙贝素(3)、古柯二醇(4)、丁香脂素(5)、胡萝卜苷(6)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、N-桂皮酰基丁二胺(9)、N1-桂皮酰基亚精胺(10)、肉桂酸(11)。结论化合物10为新化合物,化合物3、7、9为首次从槲寄生属植物中分离得到。     

Cytotoxicity of Different Viscotoxins and Extracts from the European Subspecies of Viscum album L.

Six viscotoxins in pure form from Viscum album L. have been isolated and their toxicity compared by using a viscotoxin sensitive Yoshida cell line. Four of them are the known viscotoxins A2, A3, B and 1-PS, whereas the other two appear to be new. The six viscotoxins were cytotoxic but varied in potency. Cytotoxicity of the extracts from the three European subspecies of V. album depended on the qualitative and quantitative composition of these viscotoxins. A good correlation of the cytotoxicity calculated on the basis of the content of viscotoxins present in the extracts with that measured by the Yoshida cell assay was observed. The viscotoxin sensitive Yoshida cell line is a suitable system for detecting the viscotoxin dependent cytotoxicity of mistletoe extracts     

槲寄生黄酮苷对大鼠实验性心肌梗死保护作用的研究

目的 观察槲寄生黄酮苷(Viscum coloratum flavonoid glycoside,VCFG)对大鼠实验性心肌梗死的保护作用.方法 通过结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支造成急性心肌梗死模型,观察术后30min内VCFG对心肌缺血大鼠心电图(ECG)ST段抬高的影响,6h后,计算心肌梗死面积(MIS),测定血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标,来评价VCFG对大鼠急性心肌梗死的保护作用.结果 与模型对照组比较,VCFG高剂量给药组可抑制心肌缺血大鼠心电图ST段的抬高,明显缩小MIS,降低LDH和MDA含量,也能明显提高SOD活性.结论 槲寄生黄酮苷对大鼠实验性心肌梗死具有保护作用.     

枫香槲寄生化学成分的分离与结构鉴定

目的进一步研究枫香槲寄生的化学成分，寻找抗心血管病的活性成分。方法应用柱色谱法进行分离、纯化，根据理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果得到5个化合物：反式桂皮酸(trans-cinnamic acid)(I)，齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid)(II)，白杨素(chrysin)(III)，圣草酚(eriodictyol)(IV)，枫香槲寄生苷(V) 。结论V为新化合物，I-IV均为首次从枫香槲寄生中分离得到，其中I,III,IV为首次从桑寄生科植物中分离得到。     

槲寄生的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

目的：综述槲寄生的化学成分及药理作用研究进展。方法：查阅了近十余年来国内外有关槲寄生的实验和临床研究的文献，进行分析、总结。结果：槲寄生中除了黄酮、生物碱类等小分子化合物外，还含有大量的凝集素、多糖等高分子的生物活性成分。药理作用方面重点综述了槲寄生的抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗病毒、免疫调节、抗骨质疏松、降血压、降血糖等药理作用；临床上用于治疗心血管系统疾病及肿瘤的辅助用药等。结论：我国槲寄生资源丰富．应该进一步研究开发利用。     

Viscum album L. extract and quercetin reduce cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity, urotoxicity and genotoxicity in mice

Possible protective effects of a methanolic extract of Viscum album (VA) and quercetin (QE) against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced cardiotoxicity, urotoxicity and genotoxicity in mice were evaluated. Mice were administered orally VA (250 mg/kg/day) and QE (50 mg/kg/day) for 10 days alone or in combination with CP. After the same doses of VA and QE given for 7 days, rats were intraperitoneally administered CP (40 mg/kg) on days 8 and 9 of the experiment. Cardiotoxic, urotoxic and genotoxic effects were examined in serum, heart, bladder and bone marrow. Significant decreases in the levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase), glutathione-S-transferases, reduced glutathione and mitotic index were observed. QE completely and VA partly ameliorated almost of all the examined parameters when given together with CP. Higher total nitrate/nitrite levels were observed in the myocardial tissue treated with QE and VA in combination with CP. In addition, the pre-treatment with VA and QE together with CP significantly decreased chromosome aberrations and aberrant cells compared to CP alone. Results from the current study suggest that QE and VA supplementation attenuates CP induced cardiotoxicity, urotoxicity and genotoxicity through a mechanism related to their ability to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation, and at least in part to its protective effects on the cardiovascular system. In addition, VA and QE may play a role in reducing cytogenotoxicity induced by anti-neoplastic drugs during cancer chemotherapy.     

Isolation and characterization of β-galactoside specific lectin from Korean mistletoe (Viscum album var.coloratum) with lactose-BSA-Sepharose 4B and changes of lectin conformation

Lectins and its A- and B-chains from Korean mistletoe (Viscum album var.coloratum) were isolated by affinity chromatography on the Sepharose 4B modified by lactose-BSA conjugate synthesized by reductive amination of ligand (lactose) to ε-amino groups of lysine residues of spacer (BSA) after reduction by NaCNBH₃. The lactose-BSA conjugate was coupled to Sepharose 4B activated by cyanogen bromide. The molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE were a 31 kD of A-chain and a 35kD of B-chain. Amino acid analysis andN-terminal sequencing were performed. The effects of pH, temperature and guanidine chloride on the conformation of the lectin were investigated by measuring its intrinsic fluorescence and compared with its hemagglutinating activities. Blue shift was detected on the acidic pH and there was a close relationship between activities and conformation of the lectin. Under denaturing conditions, the tryptophan emission profile of lectin showed typical denaturational red shift which also correspond to the conformations and activity of lectin.     

Comparative study on the cytotoxic effect of viscotoxin and mistletoe lectin on tumour cells in culture

A comparative study was carried out on the effect of viscotoxin and mistletoe lectin I, two mistletoe proteins known to be toxic to mammals, on three tumour cell lines in culture (Yoshida sarcoma cells, T-cell leukaemia cells Molt4, and myeloid cells K562). Both viscotoxin and mistletoe lectin were cytotoxic for the three cell lines tested, although the cell sensitivity was dependent on the type of cells used. Yoshida cells were the most sensitive to viscotoxin (ED₅₀ = 0.7 μg/mL) and less sensitive to mistletoe lectin (ED₅₀ = 12.8 μg/mL). K562 cells were more sensitive to mistletoe lectin (ED₅₀ = 75 pg/mL) than Molt4 cells (ED₅₀ = 1.3 ng/mL), whose high sensitivity to mistletoe lectin is well known. Data are also reported showing that this cell line dependent sensitivity can be exploited to demonstrate and/or to discriminate the toxic activities of either substances in crude mistletoe extracts. In particular the Yoshida cell line can represent a suitable system for a bioassay of viscotoxin in these extracts.     

川产槲寄生的显微鉴定研究

据调查四川省产槲寄生属植物计有６种１变种：①扁枝槲寄生Ｖｉｓｃｕｍａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｕｍ，②枫香槲寄生Ｖ．ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｍｂａｒｉｃｏｌｕｍ，③绿茎槲寄生Ｖ．ｃｏｌｏｒａｔｕｍ，④棱枝槲寄生Ｖ．ｄｉｏｓｐｙｒｏｓｉｃｏｌｕｍ，⑤卵叶槲寄生Ｖ．ａｌｂｕｍｖａｒ．ｍｅｒｉｄｉａｎｕｍ，⑥槲寄生Ｖ．ｃｏｌｒｏａｔｕｍ，⑦线叶槲寄生Ｖ．ｆａｒｇｅｓｉｉ．经比较组织学的研究，找出了各种在组织上的鉴别特征，列