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21.
Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a lentivirus that causes persistent infections in horses. We hypothesized that high-avidity CTL specific for nonvariable epitopes might be associated with low viral load and minimal disease in EIAV-infected horses. To test this hypothesis, memory CTL (CTLm) responses were analyzed in two infected horses with high plasma viral loads and recurrent disease (progressors), and in two infected horses with low-to-undetectable viral loads and mild disease (nonprogressors). High-avidity CTLm in one progressor recognized an envelope gp90 epitope, and the data documented for the first time in EIAV that viral variation led to CTL escape. Each of the nonprogressors had high-to-moderate avidity CTLm directed against epitopes within Rev, including the nuclear export and nuclear localization domains. These results suggested that the epitope specificity of high- and moderate-avidity CTLm was an important determinant for disease outcome in the EIAV-infected horses examined. 相似文献
22.
我国狂犬病病原学和病理形态学观察 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
报告四例狂犬病病例及对其尸脑组织的病原学和病理形态学观察。4例病人均有被犬咬伤史;发病后临床病状典型,表现为发热、恐水、怕风等;潜伏期和病程分别在20~132天和7~14天;临床诊断明确。死亡后尸检脑组织病理改变为病毒性脑炎病变,在感染神经细胞胞浆内均检到内基氏体。从尸脑组织中分离出狂犬病毒4株。又从4例病人血清中和2例病人脑脊液中分别检测出特异性狂犬病毒抗体各1例。 相似文献
23.
Conclusions The search for useful virus vectors and for improvements in currently available retrovectors which may have the capability of transportation by natural transport systems in the human body will open effective ways for targeting human genes to specific cells in tissues in situ. Genetic engineering of virus vectors is a subject of prime importance to the developing gene therapy protocols in humans.Abbreviations
HSV
Herpes simplex virus 相似文献
24.
目的为分析中国SHIV/猕猴AIDS模型的病毒载量变化趋势,建立一种实时、灵敏、特异的针对人/猴免疫缺陷病毒的定量检测方法。方法体外转录制备RNA标准品,利用TaqManEZRT-PCR试剂盒的反应体系和针对SHIVgag保守区91个碱基的TaqMan探针和引物,建立一步法实时荧光定量RT-PCR。提取126份来自SHIV-CN97001感染恒河猴血浆病毒RNA并定量检测。结果利用梯度稀释的RNA标准品对反应体系进行优化,标准曲线下限达到2×102拷贝/ml,相关性(r>0.99)及重复性(CV=4.14%)均能达到测定要求。病毒载量的检测结果表明SHIV-CN97001在猴体内传代过程中病毒载量有先升后降的趋势,病毒载量通常在接种病毒或感染猴的全血后第14天达到高峰。血浆载量可达到105~106拷贝/ml。结论成功地建立了一步法定量SHIVRNA的实时荧光定量RT-PCR,为SHIV/恒河猴AIDS模型的建立与应用提供了灵敏的病毒载量检测方法。SHIV-CN97001的体内繁殖能力在猴体内传代过程中有所增强。 相似文献
25.
目的 研究病毒载量检测和CD4^ 计数在评价人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者疗效中的应用效果。方法 对HIV感染者临床病例73例进行了实验室和临床观察,其中包括6例鸡尾酒治疗病例、36例中药试验性治疗病例及31例未进行治疗的感染者。主要实验室指标包括血浆病毒载量及T淋巴细胞亚群计数。结果 在进行治疗后3个月时联合治疗组的病毒载量明显低于其他两组,并且在其后保持在很低的水平,CD4^ 计数水平明显高于其他两组并在其后持续升高。在整个观察期间,中药治疗组的病毒载量检测和CD4^ 计数水平与未治疗组差异无显著性,但在临床症状观察中中药治疗组较未治疗组有明显改善。结论 病毒载量检测和CD4^ 计数试验是评价抗HIV治疗疗效的有效方法。 相似文献
26.
Diamond C Speck C Huang ML Corey L Coombs RW Krieger JN 《Journal of virological methods》2000,90(2):10-191
We sought to determine the optimal assays for cytomegalovirus (CMV) shedding in semen. Over a 2-month period, 149 HIV-1-infected men who have sex with men each provided up to three semen specimens. Specimens were tested for CMV by culture, rapid assay (shell vial) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By culture, 30% of seminal plasma and 28% of seminal cell specimens grew CMV. By rapid assay, results were 38 and 33%, respectively. By PCR, 56% of seminal cell specimens demonstrated CMV: 20% in a single semen specimen; 33% in two specimens; and 34% in all three specimens. Overall, 69% of men had CMV detected by PCR in at least one seminal cell specimen. By quantitative PCR, 14% had ten, 14% had 100, 16% had 1000, and 12% had 10 000 copies in 6.25 μl of semen analyzed. Adjusting for initial CD4+ cell count, men with CMV shedding demonstrated by PCR at the first visit were approximately four times as likely to shed CMV at a subsequent visit (RR 4.28, CI: 2.30–7.95). CMV shedding was associated with decreased CD4+ cell counts in peripheral blood (P=0.05). It is concluded that the PCR assay provided the greatest sensitivity among the three detection methods. 相似文献
27.
Tsai JC de Groot L Pinon JD Iacono KT Phillips JJ Seo SH Lavi E Weiss SR 《Virology》2003,312(2):369-380
Targeted recombination was carried out to select mouse hepatitis viruses (MHVs) in a defined genetic background, containing an MHV-JHM spike gene encoding either three heptad repeat 1 (HR1) substitutions (Q1067H, Q1094H, and L1114R) or L1114R alone. The recombinant virus, which expresses spike with the three substitutions, was nonfusogenic at neutral pH. Its replication was significantly inhibited by lysosomotropic agents, and it was highly neuroattenuated in vivo. In contrast, the recombinant expressing spike with L1114R alone mediated cell-to-cell fusion at neutral pH and replicated efficiently despite the presence of lysosomotropic agents; however, it still caused only subclinical morbidity and no mortality in animals. Thus, both recombinant viruses were highly attenuated and expressed viral antigen which was restricted to the olfactory bulbs and was markedly absent from other regions of the brains at 5 days postinfection. These data demonstrate that amino acid substitutions, in particular L1114R, within HR1 of the JHM spike reduced the ability of MHV to spread in the central nervous system. Furthermore, the requirements for low pH for fusion and viral entry are not prerequisites for the highly attenuated phenotype. 相似文献
28.
目的进行NuchSens HIV-1 QT和Amplicor HIV-1 monitor 1.5检测相同临床样品HIV-1病毒载量值之间的比较研究。方法收集临床样本82份,使用两种方法测定病毒载量,对病毒载量值进行统计分析。结果未测到核酸的和两种方法病毒载量对数值之差小于0.5的占88.9%;用△log10 VL〈0.5的56份样本统计两种方法的相关性,相关系数为0.956。结论NucliSens HIV-1 QT和Amphcor HIV-1 monitor 1.5两种方法测定的HIV病毒载量值有很好的相关性。 相似文献
29.
T. Uchida T. Shikata E. Tanaka K. Kiyosawa 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1994,424(5):465-469
The localization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the liver has not been well clarified. We report successful indirect immunoperoxidase staining of the HCV core antigen using polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits and conventional formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded needle biopsy sections of liver. The core antigen was distributed in a fine granular pattern diffusely, perisinusoidally, or focally within the hepatocellular cytoplasm of livers from patients with HCV infection. The staining tended to show a more heterogeneous pattern in terms of intensity and distribution in cases of more advanced disease. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells were also frequently stained. HCV immunostaining will provide important information on the pathogenesis and treatment of HCV-related liver diseases. 相似文献
30.
慢性乙肝患者杀伤性免疫细胞功能的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
通过对44例病毒性肝炎患者T细胞亚群,NK细胞活性与LAK细胞活性的观察,探讨了在慢性乙型肝炎病毒复制与非复制状态下的杀伤性细胞活性。结果表明:在乙肝病毒的高复制状态下,CD8^+细胞数增加,CD4^+/CD8^+比例显著下降;NK细胞活性与LAK细胞活性也明显低下,且在HBeAg与HBVDNA阳性组中,NK活性与LAK活性的改变与HBeAg的P/N值变化呈显著负相关,而NK活性与LAK活性变化则 相似文献