山茱萸栽培品种调查

根据调查资料,山茱萸果实形状有:圆柱形、椭圆形、长梨形、短梨形、长圆柱形、短圆柱形、纺锤形等。各种果型的果实性状、生长状况及干果肉(药材)产率指标等可为山茱萸品种的纯化改良提供科学依据。     

The effect of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide on erythrocyte of S180 mice played in immunological reaction of lymphocytes

Objective To contrast the roles of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide on erythrocyte of S180 mice played in immunological reaction of lymphocytes.To study the effect of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide on the erythrocyte function of S180 mice.Methods Suspensions of lymphocytes(1×106/mL)and autologous plasma were respectively separated from anticoaguted whole blood of healthy mice with the lymphocyte separation medium.The erythrocytes(1×108/mL)were separated from whole blood of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide mice.Using the autologous plasm as reactive medium,the role of erythrocytes in regulating the immunological reaction of lymphocytes was appraised.The expression of CD25 on lymphocytes was detected using flow cytometry.Results The immunogical regulating ability of erythrocyte in mice with control groups is much lower than that of normal groups,and the immunogical regulating ability of erythrocyte in mice with Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide groups is much higher than that of control groups.Conclusions According to the effects of erythrocyte CD35 on the immuno-response of lymphocyte and the different of the expression of CD25 on lymphocytes,we prove that Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide can improve the erythrocyte function of S180 mice.     

铁皮石斛茶缓解小鼠体力疲劳作用的研究

目的研究铁皮石斛茶对小鼠的抗疲劳保健功能。方法给小鼠灌胃给药设低、中、高3个剂量组,同时设立对照组,观察小鼠负重游泳时间、肝糖原含量、血乳酸、尿素等指标的变化。结果铁皮石斛茶能明显延长小鼠负重游泳时间,显著增加小鼠肝糖原含量,减少小鼠运动前后血乳酸曲线下面积。结论铁皮石斛茶具有缓解体力疲劳功能。     

Radioprotection of Swiss albino mice by Emblica officinalis

The fruit pulp of Emblica officinalis (EO) is an important drug used in Indian systems of medicine for several diseases and as a tonic. In view of its multifarious uses, the plant extract (aqueous) was tested for its radioprotective properties against sublethal gamma radiation (9 Gy) in Swiss albino mice. Animals were divided into two groups and irradiated with gamma radiation externally, with or without EO extract, which was given orally at different doses before irradiation. The dose of fruit pulp extract found to be most effective against radiation was 100 mg/kg b.wt. This dose increased the survival time and reduced the mortality rate of mice significantly. Furthermore, body weight loss in EO administered irradiated animals was significantly less in comparison with animals who were given radiation only.     

Aqueous Extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Inhibits Neutrophil Influx and Cytokine Secretion

Rosmarinus officinalis L. phenolic compounds have attracted considerable attention because of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, including its ability to treat inflammatory disorders. In this work, we investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of R. officinalis aqueous extract on neutrophil trafficking from the blood into an inflamed tissue, on cell‐derived secretion of chemical mediators, and on oxidative stress. Anti‐inflammatory activity was investigated using carrageenan‐induced inflammation in the subcutaneous tissue of male Wistar rats orally treated with the R. officinalis extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg). The leukocyte influx (optical microscopy), secretion of chemical mediators (prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), TNF‐α, interleukin 6 (IL‐6), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and cytokine‐induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1 by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay), and the anti‐oxidative profile (super oxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) spectrophotometry) were quantified in the inflamed exudate. N‐Formyl‐methionine‐leucine‐phenylalanine‐induced chemotaxis, lipopolysaccharide‐induced NO₂^? production (Greiss reaction), and adhesion molecule expression (flow cytometry) were in vitro quantified using oyster glycogen recruited peritoneal neutrophils previous treated with the extract (1, 10, or 100 µg/mL). Animals orally treated with phosphate‐buffered saline and neutrophils incubated with Hank's balanced salt solution were used as control. R. officinalis extract oral treatment caused a dose‐dependent reduction in the neutrophil migration as well as decreased SOD, TBARS, LTB4, PGE2, IL‐6, and TNF‐α levels in the inflamed exudate. In vitro treatment with R. officinalis decreased neutrophil chemotaxis, NO₂^? production, and shedding of L‐selectin and β2 integrin expressions. Results here presented show that R. officinalis aqueous extract displays important in vivo and in vitro anti‐inflammatory actions by blocking pathways of neutrophil migration and secretion, suggesting its therapeutic application to acute inflammatory reactions. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地榆中乌索酸和齐墩果酸含量的高效液相色谱测定

目的建立地榆药材中乌索酸和齐墩果酸含量的测定方法。方法用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Nova-Pak C18(3.9 mm×300 mm,4μm),流动相甲醇-水(88∶12),检测波长210 nm。流速0.8 m l/m in,柱温25℃。结果乌索酸进样量在0.106 2~1.593μg,齐墩果酸进样量在0.040 6~0.609μg时呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为99.73%和97.59%,RSD分别为1.5%和1.7%。结论方法灵敏、快速、准确,可用于地榆中乌索酸和齐墩果酸含量的测定。     

The Hypoglycemic and Synergistic Effect of Loganin,Morroniside, and Ursolic Acid Isolated from the Fruits of Cornus officinalis

Hypoglycemic activity‐guided separation of ethanol extracts from the fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc (CO) led to the isolation of loganin, morroniside, and ursolic acid. The antidiabetic capacity of CO extracts and related compounds was further investigated in diabetes mellitus mice. The results suggested that both CO extracts and pure compounds could ameliorate diabetes‐associated damages and complications. Oral administration of loganin and morroniside decreased fasting blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus mice. Ursolic acid exhibited the highest reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity. Notably, we noticed an interesting synergistic effect between loganin and ursolic acid. Given these favorable hypoglycemic properties, C. officinalis, a food and medicinal plant in China, may be used as a valuable food supplement for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

山茱萸道地产区有效成分变异与性状相关研究

目的：通过对道地产区山茱萸果实有效成分变异、有效成分间及有效成分与外形、营养指标之间的相关研究，为山茱萸基于有效成分的良种选择提供理论基础。方法：采集山茱萸道地产区浙江省淳安县、临安市实生单株完熟果实，运用HPLC测定单株果实的马钱素、熊果酸、齐墩果酸含量，同时测定山茱萸果实的纵径/横径、可溶性固形物、出皮率等性状。结果：①道地产区内熊果酸、齐墩果酸、马钱素变异幅度分别为0.101 0%～0.478 6%，0.014 9%～0.127 4%，0.59%～2.30%，RSD分别为34.33%，40.48%，28.50%；②有效成分间及有效成分与外形、营养指标之间的相关关系如下：熊果酸、齐墩果酸相关极显著，相关系数为0.979 6；熊果酸、齐墩果酸与可溶性固形物成极显著负相关，相关系数分别为-0.554 4，-0.511 8；马钱素与可溶性固形物成显著相关，相关系数为0.241 2；熊果酸、齐墩果酸、马钱素与出皮率成显著负相关，相关系数分别-0.250 7，-0.244 3，-0.240 6；3种有效成分与纵径/横径相关不明显。结论：山茱萸单株间有效成分变异明显，选种潜力巨大；利用有效成分间及有效成分与外形、营养指标之间的相关关系，进行以有效成分为指标的选育种时，应以单株选种为主，可将熊果酸与齐墩果酸合并作为1个指标，并可用可溶性固形物做粗步筛选。     

马鞭草化学成分研究△

目的：研究马鞭草化学成分。方法：利用色谱技术进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和波谱学数据进行结构测定。结果：从马鞭草乙醇提取物的正丁醇可溶部分得到4个苯乙醇苷类化合物，分别为异毛蕊花苷（1）、阿克替苷（2）、Parvifloroside B（3）和Campneoside Ⅰ（4）；从石油醚可溶部分得到2个脂肪酸酯类化合物，分别为十六酸甲酯（5）和十六酸乙酯（6）。结论：化合物3和4为首次从该属植物中分离得到；5和6为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

湖北省地道药材厚朴规范化种植研究及其地建设进展

厚朴是湖北省主要地道药材之一。本文就湖北恩施紫油厚朴的道地沿革与种植历史，以及规范化种植研究进行了综述。