蔓生百部中新生物碱的结构研究

研究蔓生百部中微量生物碱的结构。方法 :减压柱层析、波谱分析和化学转化。结果 :得到 3种微量生物碱 ,分别为脱氢百部碱、百部碱、原百部碱。结论 :其中脱氢百部碱为一新生物碱 ,原百部碱是首次从蔓生百部中得到 ;首次归属了百部碱的波谱数据     

正天丸中钩藤的薄层色谱鉴别方法改进

目的：对正天丸原质量标准中钩藤的薄层色谱鉴别项下的供试液制备及层析条件进行改进，使检验结果更易判断。方法：对原标准中钩藤的薄层色谱鉴别项下的提取方法和层析及显色条件进行改进。经过酸碱交替提取，很大程度上排除了中性及酸性成分的干扰，展开剂改用碱性，使钩藤中的生物碱容易游离出来，选用生物碱显色剂碘化铋钾，使鉴定效果更加灵敏、稳定，阴性对照无干扰，斑点更清晰易分开。结果：操作简便，色谱斑点清晰、无干扰。结论：改进法更有利于检验结果的判定。     

Application of radioligand-receptor binding assays in the search for the active principles of the traditional Chinese medicine ‘Gouteng’

Uncaria rhynchophylla and related species (i.e. Gouteng of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China) have antihypertensive, sedative and anticonvulsant activities. A methanol extract of ‘Gouteng’ (U. rhynchopylla) hooks and stems was assessed for its ability to inhibit the binding of radioligands to 13 different receptors in this study. The extract inhibited ligand-receptor binding by more than 60% to α₂-adrenoceptors, dopamine 1, 5-HT1A, opiate, GABA_A and GABA_B receptors. Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of ursolic acid (muscarinic and sulphonylureas activities), husutine (α₂- and β-adrenoceptor, 5-HT1A and 2, opiate and sulphonylureas activities) and epiallocorynanthine (β-adrenoceptor, 5-HT1A and 2, and opiate receptor activities). These findings are discussed in relation to the reported pharmacological properties, clinical uses and differing alkaloid profiles of those Uncaria species which constitute ‘Gouteng’ of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

HPLC测定安神养血口服液中3种生物碱延胡索乙素、钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量

目的:深入研究安神养血口服液(钩藤、金不换、制何首乌、首乌藤、松针)含量测定方法,为该药质量标准研究和完善提供科学依据。方法:HPLC测定该药中3种生物碱延胡索乙素、钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量,色谱柱:依利特Kromasil C18柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相:甲醇-水(55∶45)(含0.01 mol/L三乙胺,用冰醋酸调pH值至7.5),柱温:25℃,15 min前检测波长为281 nm,15 min后为254 nm,流速1.0 mL/min。结果:延胡索乙素、钩藤碱、异钩藤碱平均回收率分别为98.47%,99.04%,98.75%,延胡索乙素在进样量0.01μg～0.10μg范围内、钩藤碱在进样量0.16μg～1.6μg范围内,异钩藤碱在进样量0.12μg～1.2μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系。结论:该方法简便、快速和准确,可用于该药质量控制。     

Effect of Alkaloid-Free and Alkaloid-Rich preparations from Uncaria tomentosa bark on mitotic activity and chromosome morphology evaluated by Allium Test

Ethnopharmacological revelance

Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC. is the most popular Peruvian plant, used in folk medicine for different purposes. It contains thousands of active compounds with great content of alkaloids.

Aim of study

Two different fractions of Alkaloid-Rich and Alkaloid-Free were researched on chromosome morphology, mitotic activity and phases indexes.

Materials and methods

Cells of Allium Test (meristematic cells of root tips) were incubated up to 24 h in different concentrations of Alkaloid-Free and Alkaloid-Rich fraction obtained from Uncaria tomentosa bark followed by 48 h of postincubation in water. The chromosome morphology was analyzed and the content of mitotic and phase indexes were done. Individual compounds, oxindole alkaloids, phenolic compounds and sugars were determined.

Results

In Alkaloid-Rich and Alkaloid-Free fractions (different in chemical composition) we observed condensation and contraction of chromosomes (more in Alkaloid-Rich) with retardation and/or inhibition of mitoses and changed mitotic phases. Postincubation reversed results in the highest concentration which was lethal (in mostly Alkaloid-Rich fraction).

Conclusions

Our studies indicate that different action can depend on different groups of active compounds in a preparation either containing alkaloids or not. Other fraction analysis may be useful in the future.     

益智不同部位低聚糖的含量测定

目的初步比较益智不同部位低聚糖含量的区别。方法以果糖对照,按紫外分光光度法在285nm处测定吸收度。结果在0～60μg?mL-1范围内,果糖浓度与吸光度呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.9999),壳和仁的平均加样回收率分别为100.69%和99.20%(RSD分别为1.49%和1.25%,n=6)。结论该测定方法简便、快速、重现性好,益智果壳和果仁低聚糖含量区别明显。     

北细辛、华细辛、汉城细辛的急性毒性评价

目的:考察2010版中国药典中三种细辛散剂、水煎剂、挥发油的小鼠急性毒性,为临床安全合理用药提供急性毒理学依据。方法:采用Bliss法、最大给药量测定法。结果:北细辛:散剂LD50为4.8g/kg、水煎剂最大给药量为240g/kg、挥发油LD50为2.53mL/kg;华细辛:散剂LD50为7.5g/kg、水煎剂LD50为100.8g/kg、挥发油LD50为3.13mL/kg;汉城细辛:散剂最大给药量为31.2g/kg、水煎剂LD50为48.7g/kg、挥发油LD50为1.92mL/kg。结论:药典规定的三种细辛的不同制备方法和药用部位的小鼠急性毒性不同。     

薄层层析-紫外分光法测定北沙参中欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的含量

利用薄层层析-紫外分光法测定了北沙参根皮,带根皮北沙参。去根皮北沙参和药材北沙参四种样品中的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素的含量。结果发现上述两种成分在根皮中含量最高,在药材中含量最低。