俯卧拍背法缓解胆绞痛的临床观察及护理

本文采用俯卧拍背法缓解胆绞痛４１例，其中２３例经此法治疗后疼痛立即消失（５６．１％）；１５例明显缓解（３６．６％）；３例缓解不明显（７．３％）。具有操作简便、安全，易被患者接受，值得推广。     

Temporary closure of the abdominal wall (laparostomy)

The definitive closure of the abdominal wall, i.e., a closure of the fascial layer and skin may not be favorable in the treatment of numerous surgical conditions, e.g., peritonitis, trauma, or mesenteric ischemia. In these cases, the abdominal wall is temporarily closed, and a laparostomy is created to facilitate re-exploration or to prevent abdominal compartment syndrome. Regarding the technique and material used for the temporary closure, no prospective randomized data exists, but mesh materials are commonly used. They provide drainage of infectious material, permit visual control of the underlying viscera, facilitate access to the abdominal wall, preserve the fascial margin, enable healing by secondary intention, and allow mobilization of the patient. In the case of decreasing intra-abdominal pressure, meshes can be trimmed to centralize the rectus muscle and to facilitate definitive closure. Non-absorbable meshes have been frequently reported to cause enteric fistulae and persistent infection necessitating mesh explantation. While these infectious complications appear to occur less frequently with the use of absorbable materials, these meshes will finally lead to an incisional hernia, requiring repair with non-absorbable mesh after a period of 6–12 months. Nevertheless, in the complex situation requiring a temporary abdominal wall closure, use of absorbable mesh material is common and represents the state of the art. Electronic Publication     

心脏搭桥术对糖尿病人降糖治疗方案的影响

目的 :通过观察 型糖尿病 (DM- )行心脏冠脉搭桥术 (CABG)术后血糖水平的升高到恢复至术前状态的过程 ,从而判断 CABG对 DM- 降糖治疗的影响。方法 :选择 36例 DM- 合并冠心病病人 ,均于体外循环 (CPB)下行心脏搭桥术 ,从术前监测血糖 ,直至术后第七天 ,于术中及术后根据血糖水平适当应用胰岛素 ,观察其对降糖治疗效果及血糖趋于稳定的过程 ,从而判断 CABG对 DM- 血糖的影响。结果 :术中及术后 1～ 3d血糖会较术前明显升高 ,需加用胰岛素助降糖 ,术后 3d血糖渐降 ,第六天趋于稳定 ,第七天恢复至接近术前水平。结论 :DM- ,病人行 CABG术 ,只要围术期有效控制血糖 ,术后血糖基本会逐渐恢复至术前状态 ,对其今后的降糖治疗不会造成严重影响     

单平面和多平面截骨术治疗脊椎后凸的损伤特点

目的 探讨单平面截骨Dick钉固定和多平面截骨Luque捧固定治疗脊柱后凸的生物力学损伤特点。方法 将12具新鲜小牛胸腰段脊柱标本(T8～L5)随机分成完整组(INT组)、单平面截骨Dick钉固定组(Dick组)和多平面截骨Luque俸固定组(Luque组)，每组4具。以侧弯方式进行超生理负荷试验，记录载荷值的变化并观察损伤模式，绘制损伤试验的载荷——位移曲线。结果 损伤试验提供了标本出现屈服的负荷值及损伤方式。INT组、Dick组和Luque组屈服的负荷值依次为3600、2800和7160N。结论 实验中多平面截骨Luque棒固定的最大抗屈服能力稍优于单平面截骨Dick钉固定组，但不足以构成临床应用中决定取舍的依据。     

善宁治疗顽固性大咯血疗效观察

目的 评价善宁对顽固性大咯血的疗效。方法 将55例传统药物抢救无效或有禁忌的大咯血分为治疗组（善宁）与对照组（立止血组），观察24—72h的止血效果。结果 治疗组总有效率为92％，对照组为70％，两组比较有显著差异p〈0．05（x^2=4．125）。结论 善宁治疗大咯血疗效显著，使用安全，不良反应少，值得临床推广应用。     

多普勒超声心动图食道调搏负荷试验对冠心病左室功能的评价

本文对１９例冠心病患者和１３例健康人进行了经食道心房调搏负荷多普勒超声心动图检查，旨在观察此法对冠心病患者的诊断价值。结果表明：（１）静息状态下多普勒超声心动图各项心功能指标二组之间无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（２）在经食道心房调搏试验中左心室收缩指标Ｖｍａｘ、Ｖｍｅａｎ、ＶＴＩ、ＳＶ、ＣＯ等与对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００ｌ），以此几项指标进行二类判别分析，符合率达９３．７５％。结论认为经食道心房调搏负荷多普勒超声心动图是诊断冠心病的一项较敏感、无创易行的方法。     

Ten-year stability of cardiovascular responses to laboratory stressors

In this study we examined test-retest stability of cardiovascular stress responses over a decade of the life span. Participants were 55 male college undergraduates. 19 years of age at initial testing, and 29 years of age at follow-up testing Stressors were a foot cold pressor and an aversive reaction time task. Cardiovascular measures included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and preejection period. For cold pressor, the magnitude and pattern of cardiovascular responses remained unchanged at the 10-year follow-up. For the reaction time task, the characteristic cardiovascular response patterns was preserved but with significant attenuation of magnitude. The present findings are consistent with previous observations of temporal stability but over a substantially longer test-retest interval. The long-term stability of stress responses is discussed in the context of stress test methodology, behavioral response demands, and maturation of the physiological systems involved in cardiovascular response expression.     

红细胞同工酶ADA－EAP一AK_1同步电泳分型方法的建立

综合、改良了分别分型的方法，建立了红细胞同工酶ＡＤＡ一ＥＡＰ一ＡＫ１同步电泳分型方法，为ＡＤＡ，ＥＡＰ和ＡＫ１３种红细胞同工酶在法医学鉴定中更广泛的应用，提供了一种可靠、经济、实用的方法。     

食管癌切除术并发胸导管损伤的早期诊断及治疗

我院1990年至1993年共施行食管癌切除术160例，术中胸导管损伤5例，发生率为2．1％，5例中3例于术中发现并及时处理，未发生乳糜胸，另2例于术后并发乳糜胸才诊断，经早期剖胸手术治愈,本文介绍了食管癌切除术并发胸导管损伤的早期诊治体会。     

同一经穴左右主治不同初探

根据有关文献记载,从穴位与内部脏器相应的认识出发,列举古今临床上区别应用的实例,及近代应用穴位诊断疾病方面的资料,提出位于胸腹腰背部的左右同名经穴由于相应内部脏器不同,主治病症也不完全相同,因而临床应区别使用的见解。