注射用熊胆粉及其原料熊胆粉指纹图谱研究

目的:建立注射用熊胆粉及其原料熊胆粉指纹图谱的分析方法.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC法).色谱柱用Shim-pack VP C18柱(4.0 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.03 mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长为210 nm.结果:样品中各成分可得到较好的分离,指纹性较好;方法学考察表明,RP-HPLC法具有较好的重现性;指纹图谱相似度评价相关系数均大于0.9.结论:该指纹图谱可作为熊胆粉、注射用熊胆粉具有专属性的指纹图谱,适于作熊胆粉及其制剂的质量控制方法.     

干粉吸入剂的有效性及质量评价

综述了影响干粉吸入剂有效性的因素,并对其体内外测定方法及质量控制进行了概述.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定益康唑癣粉中硝酸益康唑的含量

目的:建立益康唑癣粉中硝酸益康唑的含量测定方法.方法:采用C18色谱柱,甲醇-水-三乙胺(85 ∶ 15 ∶ 0.1)(冰醋酸调节pH为6.0)为流动相,检测波长为230nm.结果:浓度在0.4147～4.147μg范围内,硝酸益康唑的线性关系良好(r=0.9996),平均回收率为100.2%,RSD为0.53%(n=9).结论:所建含量测定方法可行,操作简便,结果准确,专属性好,可用于控制益康唑癣粉的质量.     

幼泻停敷脐散对IBS-D模型大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-10含量的影响

目的:探讨幼泻停敷脐散对IBS-D模型大鼠血清中TNF-α和IL-10含量的影响及作用机制。方法:将Wistar大鼠随机分成正常对照组、模型对照组、得舒特组、幼泻停敷脐散高剂量组、幼泻停敷脐散中剂量组、幼泻停敷脐散低剂量组。观察大鼠的活动状况;测定大鼠的小肠运动、血浆中TNF-α和IL-10含量的变化。结果:正常对照组行动活跃、精神良好、皮毛润泽、饮食不减、实验后体重高于实验前,模型各组均出现不同程度的精神萎靡、活动明显减少,大便松散、稀便;幼泻停敷脐散高剂量、中剂量组及得舒特组的小肠运动减慢,与模型组比较有显著性差异,P0.01;幼泻停敷脐散高、中剂量组及得舒特组的TNF-α和IL-10含量降低,与正常组比较,无显著性差异,P0.05,与模型组比较有极显著性差异,P0.01。结论:幼泻停敷脐散能抑制IBS-D模型大鼠的小肠运动和血浆中TNF-α和IL-10含量异常升高,对IBS-D模型大鼠有很好的治疗作用。     

Assessing compressibility and compactibility of powder formulations with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Context: The compressibility and compatibility of a powder formulation is usually determined by compaction and following destructive tensile strength and relative density measurement of the final compact.

Objective: In this study, a non-destructive method with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was designed and evaluated for the measurement of powder compressibility and compactibility.

Materials and Methods: 12 different formulations with a wide range of difference in properties were investigated by compaction and analysis of the resulting tablets. Two similar tablet batches were produced with every formulation. Relative density and tensile strength were measured with the traditional, destructive method on one tablet batch while a newly developed non-destructive chemometric NIRS method was applied for the second batch. The outcomes of the two approaches were compared to validate the developed method. All data sets were applied to three established mathematical equations to calculate equation factors, which are claimed to represent the formulation compressibility and compactibility. The study focus was set on the equation factor value comparison between the traditional and the newly designed method.

Results & Discussion: The results showed a high similarity between the outcomes of the two methods. An essential difference was noticed for the outcomes of the equation factors after application to the Leuenberger equation.

Conclusion: The approach with the NIRS is suggested as a promising tool for a reliable inline quality monitoring in the tablet manufacturing process.     

傅青主保产无忧散的临床应用进展

为了解傅青主保产无忧散的临床应用情况，本文从傅青主保产无忧散的起源、药理作用、临床研究等方面对保产无忧散进行梳理分析，发现保产无忧散有养血、益气、理气的作用。临床上具有防治难产，治疗多种原因导致的先兆流产、早产，可将晚期妊娠臀位、横位转为头位以利于阴道分娩，对过期妊娠有一定的催引产效果，对于妊娠期特发性黄疸、肝功能异常等妊娠期并发症有防治作用，还可用于治疗胃脘痛，配合针刺促卵泡发育治疗女性不孕症，值得进一步研究。     

Qianzheng powder for the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm: A protocol for systematic reviews and meta-analysis

Background:Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a clinical common neurological disease, its main performance for 1 side or 2 sides muscles (the orbicularis oculi muscle, expression, orbicularisoris muscles) recurrent paroxysmal, involuntary twitching, aggravating when excited or nervous, more severe cases of the disease may include difficulty in opening the eyes, crooked corners of the mouth, and twitching noises in the ears, etc.^[1] Early manifestations of the disease are intermittent mild convulsions of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and then gradually spread to 1 side of the facial muscles, such as frowning muscles, nasal muscles, buccinalis muscles, etc, especially the most obvious spasms of the oral muscles, which can involve the ipsilateral platysma muscle in severe cases, with each twitch for a few seconds to a few minutes. The disease will affect the quality of life such as speaking, eating, seeing and so on, and even cause psychological effects such as inferiority, anxiety and depression. At present, the incidence of the disease in China is 11 per 1.1 million, females are more common than males. There are many ways to treat HFS, but the Qianzheng powder has a unique advantage in treating this disease. Therefore, our systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of Primary Hemifacial spasm, and to provide a reliable basis for clinical decision makers.Methods:From its inception until April 2021, we will search electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and China Scientific Journals Database. The authors will independently sift through studies, extract data information, and assess methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The RevManV. 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.Results:The results of this study, which will be published in a peerreviewed journal, will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianzheng powder in the treatment of primary Hemifacial spasm.Conclusion:This systematic review will provide reliable evidence-based basis for treating primary Hemifacial spasm with Qianzheng powder.INPLASY Registration number:INPLASY202130037.     

Hardening of Additive Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel by Using Bimodal Powder Containing Nanoscale Fraction

The particle size distribution significantly affects the material properties of the additively manufactured parts. In this work, the influence of bimodal powder containing nano- and micro-scale particles on microstructure and materials properties is studied. Moreover, to study the effect of the protective atmosphere, the test samples were additively manufactured from 316L stainless steel powder in argon and nitrogen. The samples fabricated from the bimodal powder demonstrate a finer subgrain structure, regardless of protective atmospheres and an increase in the Vickers microhardness, which is in accordance with the Hall-Petch relation. The porosity analysis revealed the deterioration in the quality of as-built parts due to the poor powder flowability. The surface roughness of fabricated samples was the same regardless of the powder feedstock materials used and protective atmospheres. The results suggest that the improvement of mechanical properties is achieved by adding a nano-dispersed fraction, which dramatically increases the total surface area, thereby contributing to the nitrogen absorption by the material.     

Inhalation device options for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, resulting from abnormalities in the airway and/or damage to the alveoli. Primary care physicians manage the healthcare of a large proportion of patients with COPD. In addition to determining the most appropriate medication regimen, which usually includes inhaled bronchodilators with or without inhaled corticosteroids, physicians are charged with optimizing inhalation device selection to facilitate effective drug delivery and patient adherence. The large variety of inhalation devices currently available present numerous challenges for physicians that include: (1) gaining knowledge of and proficiency with operating different device classes; (2) identifying the most appropriate inhalation device for the patient; and (3) providing the necessary education and training for patients on device use. This review provides an overview of the inhalation device types currently available in the United States for delivery of COPD medications, including information on their successful operation and respective advantages and disadvantages, factors to consider in matching a device to an individual patient, the need for device training for patients and physicians, and guidance for improving treatment adherence. Finally, the review will discuss established and novel tools and technology that may aid physicians in improving education and promoting better adherence to therapy.