电针配合中药治疗卒中后抑郁临床研究

目的：观察中药联合电针治疗卒中后抑郁症的临床疗效。方法：将60例卒中后抑郁患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。两组在一般治疗的基础上,治疗组30例给予电针配合柴胡疏肝散口服治疗,对照组30例单用氟西汀胶囊治疗,28 d为1个疗程。观察患者治疗前后临床症状、神经功能缺损评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分。结果：治疗组有效率96.67%,对照组有效率80.00%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。治疗组神经功能缺损评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表改善程度显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：电针配合中药治疗卒中后抑郁疗效确切。     

氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂杀螺效果实验观察

安徽省淮南市第三制药厂生产的氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐50％可湿性粉剂,经实验室浸杀法及现场喷洒法灭螺实验,证明该药使用方便、作用迅速、杀螺力强。该药2g/m~2喷洒法与五氯酚钠10g/m~2比较,3～15d杀螺效果相仿,30d杀螺效果比五氯酚钠高,浸杀法灭螺,钉螺上爬较少。     

苍脂颗粒剂对鼠胃粘膜细胞保护作用的研究

为了探讨苍脂颗粒剂治疗脾胃病的胃粘膜保护作用，采用利血平模拟的大鼠脾虚证及亚急性阿斯匹林胃粘膜损伤模型，测定其对非蛋白质流基物质（NPSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－px）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）及血浆过氧化脂质（LPO）等具有胃粘膜细胞保护作用物质的含量或活性的影响。结果显示，苍脂颗粒剂可以明显改善脾虚伴慢性胃粘膜病变大鼠及亚急性阿期匹林胃粘膜损伤大鼠的粘膜损伤程度，显著提高胃粘膜NPSH（F＜0．01）、GSH-px（P＜0．01）等细胞保护物质的水平．提示苍脂颗粒剂具有一定的胃粘膜细胞保护作用。     

鞣酸蛋白酵母散对幼年大鼠腹泻的治疗作用及其机制研究

目的 研究鞣酸蛋白酵母散的治疗作用及其与保护肠黏膜、促进其修复的关系。方法 将48只21 d SD大鼠随机分为6组：对照组、模型组、蒙脱石散（阳性药,0.8 g/kg）组和鞣酸蛋白酵母散低、中、高剂量（0.1、0.3、0.9 g/kg）组。除对照组外,所有动物用4 g/kg番泻叶水煎剂连续ig 2周后,ig给药,对照组和模型组给予等体积的蒸馏水,每天2次,给药5 d。记录各组大鼠稀便率和腹泻指数。经治疗后,取各组大鼠空肠做苏木精-伊红染色和免疫组化,分别观察肠黏膜组织结构的改变和肠黏膜增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达的变化。同时,刮取大鼠空肠黏膜分别测定DNA、总蛋白和IL-6的表达水平。结果 与模型组比较,经高剂量的鞣酸蛋白酵母散治疗后,大鼠稀便率和腹泻指数显著降低（P<0.001）,空肠绒毛结构基本恢复正常,空肠黏膜DNA含量显著增加（P<0.05）,PCNA表达显著增加（P<0.001）,IL-6表达减少。中剂量的鞣酸蛋白酵母散可改善大鼠腹泻,但对其他指标没有显著影响。而低剂量的鞣酸蛋白酵母散则无作用。结论 鞣酸蛋白酵母散对幼年大鼠腹泻有治疗作用,并可促进肠黏膜修复。     

Synthesis and characterization of high‐purity N,N‐dimethyltryptamine hemifumarate for human clinical trials

Since 2006, there has been a resurgent interest in the pharmacology and therapeutics of psychedelic drugs. Psilocybin, the 4‐phosphoryl ester of N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT), has been studied most often, but DMT itself is also appealing because of its brief but profound psychological effects and its presence as an endogenous substance in mammalian brain. Although there have been a few studies of ayahuasca, a DMT‐containing water infusion, only one human study with pure DMT has been reported since the early 2000s. Newly planned clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of DMT in humans with major depressive disorders require high‐purity water‐soluble DMT for intravenous administration. Accordingly, we synthesized and characterized DMT hemifumarate for these upcoming studies. The synthetic approach of Speeter and Anthony was slightly modified to gain some efficiency in time. In particular, this is the first known report to use aluminum hydride, generated in situ from lithium aluminum hydride, to reduce the intermediate 2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)‐N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐oxoacetamide to DMT. A quench protocol was developed to produce a good yield of exceptionally pure free base DMT upon workup, which was then converted to the hemifumarate salt. Analysis of the final product included differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high‐performance liquid chromatography, residual solvent analysis by GC headspace sampling, X‐ray powder diffraction analysis, and residual lithium analysis by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. The DMT hemifumarate was minimally 99.9% pure, with no significant impurities or residual solvents, thus meeting regulatory standards for administration to humans.     

Three dimensionally printed pearl powder/poly-caprolactone composite scaffolds for bone regeneration**

Abstract

Pearl has great potential as a natural biomaterial for bone tissue engineering, but it suffers from low porosity, difficulty in molding, and poor anti-buckling property. In this study, we used the 3-D printing technique to fabricate original pearl powder and PCL composite scaffolds with different concentrations of pearl powder. The four groups of scaffolds were termed PCL, 30% Pearl/PCL, 50% Pearl/PCL and 80% Pearl/PCL scaffolds according to the proportion of pearl powder. The samples were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide-angle XRD, liquid substitution, Zwick static materials testing, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Biological characterization included SEM, fluorescent staining using calcein-AM, cell counting kit-8 assay, alkaline phosphatase and qRT-PCR analysis. The results show that the pore size and the pore morphology of the scaffolds are closely controlled via 3-D printing. This is very beneficial for tissue growth and nutrition transmission. The regular and uniform square macropore structure ensured that the pearl powder/PCL scaffolds had favorable mechanical strength. As the concentration of pearl powder in the scaffolds increase, the compressive strength and apatite formation increase as well as cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. These results show that pearl powder/PCL scaffolds fit the requirements of bone tissue engineering. The structures as well as physicochemical and biological properties of pearl powder/PCL composite scaffolds are positively associated with pearl powder concentrations.     

Development of ELISA for melamine detection in milk powder

A sensitive ELISA method was developed based on a monoclonal antibody to detect melamine in milk powder. Two haptens were prepared using the melamine structural analogue, 2-chloro-4, 6-diamino-1, 3, 5-triazine. The obtained antibody belonged to the IgG1κ family and had high affinity for melamine (affinity constant was 3.09×10⁹). The antibody could also recognise cyromazine (cross-reactivity was 131%) and had low cross-reactivity toward the haptens. The effects of pH, ionic strength and organic solvents on ELISA performance were evaluated. The lowest IC₅₀ value (6.0±0.55 ng/mL) and the limit of detection in milk powder, 50 ng/g, were achieved under optimised conditions. Milk powder spiked at two levels of melamine (100 ng/g and 500 ng/g) was analysed with this ELISA method. Good recovery was obtained (76.2±7.3% at the 100 ng/g spiked level and 91.4±5.0% at 500 ng/g).     

藏药石榴莲花散中鞣花酸和胡椒碱含量测定方法研究

目的： 建立藏药石榴莲花散中鞣花酸和胡椒碱含量测定方法,以完善其质量标准。方法： 采用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中石榴子和诃子的鞣花酸含量,采用ODS-2 HYPERSIL C₁₈色谱柱（4.6 mm×250mm,5 μm）,以乙腈-0.2%磷酸（15：85）为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长254 nm,柱温30℃;采用高效液相色谱法测定制剂中荜茇的胡椒碱含量,采用ODS-2 HYPERSIL C₁₈色谱柱（4.6mm×250 mm,5μm）,以乙腈-水（40：60）为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长343 nm,柱温30℃。结果： 鞣花酸进样量在5.065~25.325 μg范围内呈良好线性关系（r=0.9999）,平均回收率为97.5%,RSD=1.5%（n=6）;胡椒碱进样量在10.414~52.071 μg范围内呈良好线性关系（r=1.0000）,平均回收率为99.6%,RSD=0.6%（n=6）。结论： 该方法可准确测定石榴莲花散中鞣花酸和胡椒碱的含量,有助于提高石榴莲花散的质量标准。     

冻干驴乳粉中的矿物元素含量测定分析

按国标法对冻干驴乳粉中11种矿物元素含量进行测定,结果表明:驴乳粉含人体必需的常量和微量矿物元素,其中钙819 mg/100g、磷604 mg/100g、钾672 mg/100g、钠183 mg/100g、镁86 mg/100g、氯547 mg/100 g,钙磷比值1.36,钠钾比值0.27,同时还含有铁、锌、锰、铜、硒等。