流化床制粒制备甘芝口含片

目的：制备甘芝口含片。方法：采用流化床制粒,以颗粒流动性、含片崩解时限及外观性状为考察指标,通过正交试验优选最佳制粒工艺参数。结果：最佳工艺参数为A1B2C3D3,即进风温度为45～50℃、物料温度40～45℃,雾化压力0.8～1.0bar,料液流速5～7ml/min。结论：该制备工艺简单,方法可行,可应用于大生产。     

散结镇痛片对子宫内膜异位症模型大鼠妊娠功能和激素水平的影响

目的 观察散结镇痛片对子宫内膜异位症模型大鼠妊娠功能和雌激素水平的影响.方法 采用自体种植法制备大鼠子宫内膜异位症模型.手术后将大鼠分为假手术组,模型组,达那唑胶囊(0.070 g/kg)阳性对照组,散结镇痛片低、中、高剂量(0.216、0.432、0.864 g/kg)组及散结镇痛胶囊(0.864 g生药/kg)组,...     

Combining experimental design and orthogonal projections to latent structures to study the influence of microcrystalline cellulose properties on roll compaction

Roll compaction is gaining importance in pharmaceutical industry for the dry granulation of heat or moisture sensitive powder blends with poor flowing properties prior to tabletting. We studied the influence of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) properties on the roll compaction process and the consecutive steps in tablet manufacturing. Four dissimilar MCC grades, selected by subjecting their physical characteristics to principal components analysis, and three speed ratios, i.e. the ratio of the feed screw speed and the roll speed of the roll compactor, were included in a full factorial design. Orthogonal projection to latent structures was then used to model the properties of the resulting roll compacted products (ribbons, granules and tablets) as a function of the physical MCC properties and the speed ratio. This modified version of partial least squares regression separates variation in the design correlated to the considered response from the variation orthogonal to that response. The contributions of the MCC properties and the speed ratio to the predictive and orthogonal components of the models were used to evaluate the effect of the design variation. The models indicated that several MCC properties, e.g. bulk density and compressibility, affected all granule and tablet properties, but only one studied ribbon property: porosity. After roll compaction, Ceolus KG 1000 resulted in tablets with obvious higher tensile strength and lower disintegration time compared to the other MCC grades. This study confirmed that the particle size increase caused by roll compaction is highly responsible for the tensile strength decrease of the tablets.     

通关灵片药效学研究

目的考察通关灵片的药效学。方法选择对正常小鼠肠推进运动试验、小鼠排便时间和数量试验,以及模拟燥结失水便秘3个药效试验。结果与结论对正常小鼠肠推进运动试验研究表明,通关灵片各组均有较好的推进作用,中剂量组与对照组比较有非常显著差别(P<0.01),高剂量组与对照组比较有显著差别(P<0.05),阳性对照组与溶媒对照组比较有作用趋势,正常小鼠小肠容积变化不明显,阳性对照组小肠容积变化明显。正常小鼠排便时间和数量试验结果表明,给药后小鼠出现黑便时间较短,高剂量组与溶媒对照组比较有显著差别(P<0.05);高剂量组与溶媒对照组比较,排便数量有非常显著差别(P<0.01),其余各组与溶媒对照组比较有作用趋势。燥结失水便秘试验中,通关灵片各组与模型组比较均有作用趋势,差别无显著意义。     

Food-dependent disintegration of immediate release fosamprenavir tablets: In vitro evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging and a dynamic gastrointestinal system

In the present study, we demonstrated the value of two advanced tools, the TNO gastric and small Intestinal Model (TIM-1) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for the in vitro evaluation of food-dependent disintegration of immediate release fosamprenavir tablets. Upon introduction of a tablet with the nutritional drink Scandishake Mix® in the stomach compartment of TIM-1, simulating the fed state, disintegration and fosamprenavir dissolution were significantly postponed compared to the fasted state (lag time 80 ± 23 min). This resulted in a lag in the appearance of bioaccessible fosamprenavir (<5% during the first 2 h), even though the nutritional state did not significantly alter the cumulative bioaccessibility after 5 h. These results were in agreement with the previously observed postprandial delay in gastric fosamprenavir tablet disintegration and subsequent amprenavir absorption in healthy volunteers. Therefore, TIM-1 can be used in tablet development to identify food-induced disintegration issues causing unexpected clinical behavior. From a mechanistic perspective, we applied MRI to illustrate impaired water ingress in fosamprenavir tablets immersed in the nutritional drink compared to simulated gastric fluid. This effect may be attributed to both competition between nutritional components and the tablet for the available water (indicated by reduced rotational and translational diffusion) as well as the possible formation of a food-dependent precipitation layer on the HPMC-coated tablet.     

补肾抗衰片干预动脉粥样硬化的氧化应激机制研究

目的：探讨补肾抗衰片对家兔动脉粥样硬化病变后血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）mRNA及其相关氧化应激水平的影响。方法：将56只日本大耳白兔随机分为正常组8只,实验组48只,正常组给予普通饲料,实验组建立动脉粥样硬化模型,在第8周时,实验组随机分为模型组、补肾抗衰片组和辛伐他汀组。各组分别于给药前、给药后8、12、16周采血,最后一次采血后处死动物,无菌条件下取主动脉,用QPCR法检测主动脉HO-1 mRNA、PPARαmRNA的表达,免疫荧光技术检测HO-1蛋白水平,ELISA法检测血清HbCO、COX-2活性以及cGMP水平。结果：补肾抗衰片干预后,血清HbCO水平下降,cGMP明显升高,而COX-2活性无明显变化;HO-1免疫荧光检测发现,补肾抗衰组和辛伐他汀组绿色荧光区域均明显增加;主动脉HO-1 mRNA基因在正常组仅有少量表达,动脉粥样硬化病变组HO-1 mRNA表达增加,经补肾抗衰片干预后HO-1 mRNA表达明显升高（P<0.05）,PPARαmRNA经补肾抗衰片干预后各组无均有下降的趋势。辛伐他汀也存在类似的抗氧化效应。结论：中药复方制剂补肾抗衰片在动脉粥样硬化病变中具有重要的抗氧化作用,其保护机制可能是通过调控HO-1 mRNA基因的表达及影响HO-1/CO-cGMP 通路中相关酶的活性,同时补肾抗衰片可能通过对抗过氧化反应稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块。     

氯雷他定口崩片的人体生物等效性研究

目的建立测定人血浆中氯雷他定的高效液相色谱法(HPLC),研究氯雷他定口崩片在男性健康志愿者体内的药动学行为,评价其人体相对生物利用度和生物等效性。方法 18例健康男性志愿者随机分组自身交叉对照实验设计,单剂量口服氯雷他定口崩片受试制剂和参比制剂20mg,HPLC法测定服药后12h内不同时间血浆中氯雷他定的质量浓度,BAPP药动学程序计算相对生物利用度并评价2种制剂的生物等效性。结果受试制剂和参比制剂的主要药动学参数:tmax分别为(0.90±0.30)和(0.80±0.10)h;Cmax为(42.57±7.88)和(42.96±6.97)ng.mL-1;t1/2分别为(2.20±0.35)和(2.07±0.50)h;药时曲线下面积AUC(0→12h)分别为(126.00±23.30)和(123.24±30.55)ng.h.mL-1。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为104.6%±14.7%。结论建立的分析方法准确灵敏,统计学分析表明2种制剂生物等效。     

微粉化萘丁美酮的工业制粒工艺研究

目的通过优化制粒溶液量百分比和制粒时间,将微粉化的萘丁美酮制成适合片剂生产的颗粒。方法以微粉化的萘丁美酮作为主要活性成分,以萘丁美酮超过80%（W/W）处方配比的条件下,以纯水、羟丙基甲基纤维素E-3和十二烷基硫酸钠为制粒溶液,将萘丁美酮,羟基乙酸淀粉钠和微晶纤维素PH101进行制粒,流化床干燥,并对制得的颗粒进行物理性状检测,包括颗粒外观、颗粒粒径分布、颗粒堆实密度及可压性指标。然后将颗粒压片,检测片剂的硬度、崩解度及和溶出度,获得制粒溶液量百分比和制粒时间的最优值。结果制粒溶液量30%（W/W）和制粒时间60 s时,为最佳制粒工艺参数。结论以此工艺进行制粒,可达到适合工业生产的片剂指标。     

手术结合药物治疗声带息肉临床疗效观察

目的观察甘桔冰梅片在声带息肉手术辅助治疗中的疗效。方法将223例声带息肉患者分为单纯手术空白组患者63例、手术＋抗生素对照组78例、手术＋甘桔冰梅片治疗组82例。术后1个月复查电子喉镜,评价音哑及息肉治疗效果。比较咽干、发音疲劳、反复清嗓症状术后4周内的缓解速度。结果术后都能显著治疗声带息肉,但加药辅助治疗后音哑有效率分别为97.56%、89.74%,明显高于术后单纯静音休息的74.60%（P〈0.05）。使用甘桔冰梅片咽干、反复清嗓的缓解率分别为90.00%、91.25%,高于抗生素对照组缓解率的78.67%、69.33%（P〈0.05）。结论甘桔冰梅片用于声带息肉术后辅助治疗,且有助于手术后音质的恢复,是治疗声带息肉的有效药物。     

RP-HPLC法测定消痔灵片中没食子酸的含量

目的建立消痔灵片有效成分含量测定的方法,为其质量标准的制订提供依据。方法采用RP-HPLC法测定,以没食子酸为对照品,色谱柱：Sino Chrom ODS-APC18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相：甲醇-水-磷酸（6∶94∶0.2）,检测波长：266 nm,流速：1.0 mL/min,柱温：（25±1）℃。结果没食子酸在18~48μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.999 1）,平均回收率为99.75%,RSD=0.97%。结论本方法准确,简便,灵敏度高,可用于消痔灵片中没食子酸的含量测定并有效评价该制剂的质量。