烧伤后淋巴细胞膜流动性变化

报告以ＤＰＨ作为膜标记探剂，用荧光偏振法测定烧伤后淋巴细胞膜流动性变化。将小鼠背部造成１１％～１２％体表面积Ⅲ度烧伤，于伤后第６天取脾淋巴细胞，测其膜流动性。结果表明：烧伤后淋巴细胞膜流动性明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１），同时淋巴细胞增殖反应及ＣｏｎＡ刺激的ＩＬ－２生成亦下降；淋巴细胞功能受抑制的程度与淋巴细胞膜流动性呈负相关；脾淋巴细胞膜流动性与脾组织过氧化脂质水平呈负相关。结果提示烧伤后淋巴细胞膜流动性下降可能是烧伤后淋巴细胞功能抑制的原因之一，膜流动性降低与脂质过氧化亢进有关     

Erfahrungen zur PFFB von isolierten radiusköpfchenfrakturen

Zusammenfassung Den Vorteilen einer osteosynthetischen Versorgung einer Fraktur mit sofortiger Aufnahme seiner Funktion, stehen die aus der Literatur bekannten Komplikationen gegenüber. Diese und unsere eigenen unbefriedigenden Ergebnisse nach der operativen Versorgung von Radiusköpfchenfrakturen ließen uns zu einer prospektiven randomisierten Studie einer primär funktionellen Behandlung unter Verzicht auf eine äußere oder innere Stabilisierung greifen. Seit Dezember 1991 haben wir im UKH-Graz bis einschließlich Dezember 1992 insgesamt 70 Patienten nach einem strikten Behandlungskonzept, unter Zuhilfenahme der Computertomographie zur Verlaufsbeobachtung versorgt. Die in 91% der Fälle als sehr gut and gut einzustufenden Frühergebnisse sowie das fehlende Auftreten einer, wie bei operativer Versorgung möglichen Komplikation, ebenso die zusätzlich deutlich frühere Arbeitsfähigkeit bzw. deutlich kürzere, wenn auch aufwendigere Behandlungszeit, lassen uns diese Verfahren nicht nur in unserem Hans weiterführen, sondern können wir auch weiter empfehlen.

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Experience with internal fixation of fractures of the head of the radius

The advantages of internal fixation of fractures, with the possibility of immediate resumption of the function of the fractured bone, are in contrast to the well-known complications described in the literature. These complications and our own unsatisfactory results after surgical treatment of fractures of the head of the radius induced us to carry out a randomized prospective study of primary functional treatment of such fractures without external or internal stabilization. From December 1991 through December 1992, a total of 70 patients were treated according to a strict treatment protocol at the Graz Hospital for Accident Surgery, and CT was used for observation of the healing process. The positive early results, which in 91% of all cases were classified as very good or good, the lack of complications that sometimes follow surgical treatment, the markedly earlier recovery of the patient's working capacity, and the clearly shorter — albeit somewhat more expensive — treatment period required have led us to continue using this method at our hospital and also to recommend its use elsewhere.

     

大鼠肺微血管和肺泡铸型的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察以甲基丙烯酸甲酯灌注鼠的肺微血管和肺泡。胸膜下毛细血管较稀疏,网孔粗大。毛细血管部分成锐角折返,亦可见毛细血管盲端。肺泡隔毛细血管均成扁平状膨大,且相互吻合成单层密集网。肺泡铸型为大小不等、不规则的多面体,表面可见肺泡Ⅱ型细胞核之压迹。两肺泡之间可见呈桥式连接的肺泡孔,亦可见部分呈三通管样相连。     

乌鲁木齐市维汉族学龄儿童细胞免疫功能及影响因素的探讨

本文应用植物血凝素(PHA)检测了乌市维汉族学龄儿童的细胞免疫功能。结果表明,汉族儿童的PHA红斑直径均值高于维族,不论维汉族男女生均以9～10岁年龄段PHA红斑均值最大,并有随年龄增加而下降的趋势。同时对缺铁性贫血、生长发育水平及营养状况对细胞免疫功能的影响进行了初步探讨。     

甾体避孕药不增加血栓栓塞性疾病危险(病例对照研究)

本文采用1:3病例对照研究方法,对甾体避孕药的使用与血栓栓塞性疾病(急性心肌梗塞、脑栓塞、脑血栓形成和深静脉血栓形成)间的关联进行多因素分析。结果提示在我国广泛应用的甾体避孕药(主要为国产Ⅰ号避孕药)并不增加血栓栓塞性疾病的危险性。用药和停药时间的长短与血栓栓塞性疾病的发生无关,并与高血压病之间亦不存在协同作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定微量耳血中头孢他定的浓度

本文介绍采取微量耳血以高效液相色谱法测定头孢他定（Ｃｅｆｔａｚｉｄｉｍｅ）的血药浓度。血样经６％高氯酸沉淀蛋白，流动相为含２５％甲醇的０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸铵溶液，以冰醋酸调节ｐＨ值至４～５，检测波长为２５４ｎｍ，内标物为头孢唑啉（Ｃｅｆａｚｏｌｉｎ）。经对家兔采取微量耳血测定其血药浓度，可知头孢他定为二室模型，Ｔ＿１／２α为０．１８±０．０５ｈ，Ｔ＿１／２β为１．７５±０．０７ｈ。并对３名住院病人静脉注射１ｇ头孢他定后定时分别取微量耳血进行分析，所得结果与文献基本一致。本文方法简便、快速，结果令人满意。     

亲水性聚氨酯宫颈扩张棒在引产中的应用

初产妇30例,用亲水性聚氯酯泡沫宫颈扩张棒(简称“扩张棒”)作人工剥膜与破膜加催产素引产前扩张宫颈,同时以条件类同初产妇30例进行对照。扩张棒组置棒前宫颈成熟度评分为2.93±0.91,对照组为3.7±0.88,两组无显著差异:扩张后宫颈评分为6.13±1.22,与扩张前有显著差异(P<0.05)。扩张棒组引产成功率为92.6%,而对照组为64.3%,差异非常显著(P<0.01),同时能缩短产程。本组用扩张棒组引产的30例,无一例发生产时、产后感染。     

颈外动脉栓塞在耳鼻咽喉科的应用

在耳鼻咽喉科手术中应用颈外动脉栓塞法１０例，形成栓塞组，并把单纯颈外动脉结扎１０例作为对照组。结果表明：栓塞组较对照组术中出血量显著减少，有利于病灶彻底清除，因而有提高治愈率减少复发率的作用。掌握栓塞位置、栓塞剂用量和注射速度是防止并发症的关键。     

Latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of latex allergy in children is increasing worldwide. Previous multiple operations or atopic predisposition are known risk factors. In contrast, only sporadic cases of latex allergy have been reported in infants younger than 1 year, and the causative latex-containing products or symptoms in young infants have not been studied in detail. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyse the symptoms and risk factors of latex allergy in young infants. METHODS: Cases of latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year were studied in detail. Clinical course, causative latex-containing products were spotted and detailed analysis for latex allergy in patients and patients' parents was performed. CONCLUSION: We report nine cases of latex allergy in infants younger than 1 year. None of them have any abnormality or previous operations. Six patients had atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome, one patient had bronchial asthma, whereas two patients had no overt allergic diseases. Symptoms of latex allergy were wheezing, swelling of face or lips, facial rash, or anaphylaxis, and causative latex-containing products were teat, pacifier, nose cleaner, teether, balloon, or enema tube. All of the nine patients had positive skin prick test to latex and extract from causative latex-containing products, whereas eight patients had positive serum latex-specific IgE. Study for family history revealed that latex allergy was noted in either father or mother in six patients, in both father and mother in one patient, whereas no latex allergy was noted in parents in two patients. It should be noted that all of these patients had latex-induced symptoms at home. Latex allergy in young infants may not be unusual. Physicians should be aware of latex allergy, and care should be taken to avoid contact with latex in young infants, especially when there is family history for latex allergy.     

Health‐related quality of life in multiple system atrophy

Although multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to progressive disability and decreased life expectancy, little is known about patients' own evaluation of their illness and factors associated with poor health‐related quality of life (Hr‐QoL). We, therefore, assessed Hr‐QoL and its determinants in MSA. The following scales were applied to 115 patients in the European MSA‐Study Group (EMSA‐SG) Natural History Study: Medical Outcome Study Short Form (SF‐36), EQ‐5D, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Mini‐Mental state examination (MMSE), Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS), Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) Parkinson's disease staging scale, Composite Autonomic Symptom Scale (COMPASS), and Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS). Forty‐six percent of patients had moderate to severe depression (BDI ≥ 17); Hr‐QoL scores on the SF‐36 and EQ‐5D were significantly impaired. Pain, the only domain with similar scores in MSA and published PD patients, was reported more frequently in patients with MSA‐P (predominantly parkinsonian motor subtype) than MSA‐C (predominantly cerebellar motor subtype; 76% vs. 50%; P = 0.005). Hr‐QoL scores correlated most strongly with UMSARS motor, COMPASS, and BDI scores but not with MMSE scores, age at onset, or disease duration. The COMPASS and UMSARS activities of daily living scores were moderate‐to‐strong predictors for the SF‐36 physical summary score and the BDI and UMSARS motor scores for the SF‐36 mental summary score. This report is the first study to show that Hr‐QoL is significantly impaired in MSA. Although not all possible factors related to impaired Hr‐QoL in MSA could be assessed, autonomic dysfunction, motor impairment, and depression were most closely associated with poor Hr‐QoL, and therapeutic management, therefore, should concentrate upon these aspects of the disease. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society