食用淀粉空囊的质量标准研究

目的：建立食用淀粉空囊质量标准。方法：按照GB/T 1.1-2009标准的结构和编写给出的规则起草，参考GB/T 29343-2012木薯淀粉以及GB 2713-2015淀粉制品有关卫生标准等拟定淀粉空囊质量标准。结果：拟定了感官、理化、微生物限度以及致病菌控制项目。结论：本质量标准的建立，将为淀粉空囊在食品中的应用提供质量保障。     

双唑泰栓联合转移因子治疗复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病

目的：探讨双唑泰栓联合转移因子治疗复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病（RVVC）的疗效及安全性。方法将240例RVVC患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组（予双唑泰栓＋转移因子胶囊治疗）和对照组（予双唑泰栓治疗），7 d为一疗程，共两疗程，随访3个月。观察2组的临床疗效、不良反应及复发率。结果治疗组总有效率为92.7%，明显高于对照组的81.0%（P〈0.05）。治疗组Sobel 评分、复发率均低于对照组（P〈0.01）。2组不良反应轻微且差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论双唑泰栓联合转移因子治疗RVVC安全有效，能明显降低复发率。     

Hazard of household cleaning products: A study undertaken by the UK National Poisons Information Service

Objective. To ascertain the reported toxicity of current United Kingdom (UK) household products following the launch of new products, such as liquid detergent capsules, and the manufacture of more concentrated formulations. Methods. Between 1 March 2008 and 30 April 2009 the UK National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) collected prospectively 5939 telephone enquiries relating to household products, approximately 10% of all telephone enquiries received over this period. Results. The majority of enquiries (n =?3893; 65.5%) concerned children 5 years of age or less and were received predominantly from hospitals (n =?1905; 32.1%), general practitioners (n =?1768; 29.8%) and NHS Direct/NHS 24 (n =?1694; 28.5%). The majority of exposures occurred at home (n =?5795; 97.6%); most exposures were accidental (n =?5561; 93.6%). Liquid detergent capsules were most commonly involved (n =?647), followed by bleaches (n =?481), air fresheners (n =?429), multipurpose cleaners (n =?408), dishwasher products (n =?399) and descalers (n =?397). Exposure to household products occurred mainly as a result of ingestion (n =?4616; 75.8%), with eye contact (n =?513; 8.4%), inhalation (n =?420; 6.9%) and skin contact (n =?187; 3.1%) being less common; 5.1% (n =?313) of enquiries involved multiple routes of exposure. The most commonly reported features were vomiting (ingestion), pain (eye contact), dyspnoea (inhalation) and burns (skin contact). In 5840 of 5939 enquiries the Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) was known. The majority of patients (n =?4117; 70.5%) were asymptomatic (PSS 0), 28.0% (n =?1638) developed minor features (PSS 1), 1.3% (75 patients) developed moderate features (PSS 2) and 0.15% (nine patients) developed serious features (PSS 3). Four of these nine patients made a complete recovery, two died from exposure to drain cleaner and PVC solvent cleaner; the outcome in three was unknown. Conclusion. In the UK, advice from the NPIS is sought commonly regarding household products, but such exposures only rarely result in clinically serious features. As 65.5% of exposures were in children less than 5 years of age, parents clearly have an important role to play in ensuring that household products are stored safely at all times.     

Exposure to liquid detergent capsules: A study undertaken by the UK National Poisons Information Service

Objective. To ascertain the reported toxicity of liquid detergent capsules. Methods. Between 1 March 2008 and 30 April 2009 the UK National Poisons Information Service collected prospectively 647 telephone enquiries relating to liquid detergent capsules. Results. The majority of enquiries (96.1%) concerned children of 5 years of age or less. Exposure to these products occurred mainly as a result of ingestion alone (n =?518; 80.1%), with eye contact alone (n =?61; 9.4%), and skin contact alone (n =?7; 1.1%) being less common; multiple routes of exposure were involved in 61 (9.4%) enquiries. Following ocular exposure, conjunctivitis with or without eye pain (n =?61), eye pain alone (n =?11) and keratitis (n =?4) developed; in one case the keratitis persisted for nine days, though recovery occurred in all cases as far as is known. The most common features reported following ingestion alone were nausea and vomiting (n =?143), followed by coughing (n =?21). Eleven children less than 2 years of age also developed drowsiness. A rash occurred in nine patients where ingestion was considered to be the route of exposure, probably due to topical contact with the capsule. Seven children aged 3 or less were exposed via the dermal route alone and developed rash (n =?4), irritation (n =?2), chemical burn (n =?2), and paresthesia (n =?1). Conclusions. Ocular exposure may lead to conjunctivitis and keratitis; recovery is to be expected in all cases within 7–10 days. Ingestion may also result in drowsiness. Greater consumer awareness is required to reduce injury from liquid detergent capsules, particularly that involving the eye. Parents have a vital role to play in ensuring that these products are stored safely at all times.     

珍芪降糖胶囊致老年患者低血糖脑病植物生存

1例81岁男性患者,糖尿病史2年,口服珍芪降糖胶囊,2～3粒,3次/d。患者意识丧失被送至急诊室后查血糖1.9 mmol/L,静注50%葡萄糖40 mL后意识仍未恢复。头颅MRI示双侧大脑半球额、顶、颞、枕叶皮质广泛异常信号。患者住院64 d出院,6个月随访时处于植物状态。     

润燥止痒胶囊联合氯雷他定治疗皮肤瘙痒症临床研究

目的:观察润燥止痒胶囊联合氯雷他定治疗皮肤瘙痒症的临床疗效。方法:将皮肤瘙痒症患者80例随机分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组给予氯雷他定片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加服润燥止痒胶囊治疗。观察比较2组临床疗效及不良反应情况。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率为90.00%,对照组为72.50%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为7.50%,对照组为25.00%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:润燥止痒胶囊联合氯雷他定治疗皮肤瘙痒症可提高临床疗效,降低不良反应,疗效优于单纯氯雷他定片治疗。     

舒肝解郁胶囊联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁临床研究

目的:观察舒肝解郁胶囊联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法:选取74例脑卒中后抑郁患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组37例。2组均给予常规脑卒中治疗,控制相关危险因素,对照组在此基础上加用盐酸氟西汀分散片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用舒肝解郁胶囊治疗。观察2组抑郁程度、认知功能、神经功能及运动功能的改善情况,比较2组临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,2组简明精神状态量表(MMSE)、简式Fugl-Meyer运动功能评估量表(FMA)评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),抑郁自评量表(SDS)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);观察组MMSE、FMA评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),SDS、NIHSS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=1.825,P<0.05)。2组恶心呕吐、口干、便秘及性功能障碍发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:舒肝解郁胶囊联合氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁,可以明显改善患者的抑郁状况,提升其认知功能、神经功能与运动功能。     

阿是止泻胶囊治疗甲状腺功能亢进性腹泻的临床观察

目的通过对中药阿是止泻胶囊治疗甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)性腹泻的临床观察,对该药有效性做出客观评价。方法临床治疗组用自拟方中药阿是止泻胶囊,对照组用复方苯乙哌啶片。结果阿是止泻胶囊治疗甲亢性腹泻总有效率为86．9％。结论阿是止泻胶囊具有较强的止泻作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定新肾炎胶囊中蒽醌类化合物的含量*

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定新肾炎胶囊中蒽醌类化合物大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚的含量。方法采用Phenomenex C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-1%醋酸(70:30)为流动相,检测波长254 nm,柱温25 ℃;流速 1 mL·min-1。结果大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚检测浓度分别在4.96～24.80 μg·mL-1 (r＝0.999 6)、6.58～32.91 μg·mL-1(r＝0.999 9)、15.11～75.55 μg·mL-1(r＝0.999 9)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为100.78%,98.13%,99.29%。结论制剂制备工艺稳定,建立的含量测定方法简便、可靠,可用于制定主要治疗成分大黄素、大黄酚的含量下限以及非主要治疗成分大黄酸的含量上限,进一步保障制剂安全。     

HPLC法测定人参首乌胶囊中大黄素、大黄素甲醚的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定人参首乌胶囊中大黄素及大黄素甲醚的质量分数。方法采用Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.1%(体积分数)H3PO4(体积比80∶20)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃,检测波长为254 nm。结果大黄素、大黄素甲醚分别在0.03~1.20μg、0.04~1.60μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r均为0.999 9。大黄素和大黄素甲醚的平均回收率为100.25%(RSD为1.17%)和97.52%(RSD为2.52%)。结论本方法专属性强、重复性好,可用于人参首乌胶囊中大黄素和大黄素甲醚质量分数的测定。