安徽亳州板蓝根种质资源的调查研究

目的 :为制定板蓝根规范化种植的操作规程提供依据。方法 :进行安徽亳州板蓝根的种质资源调查和种子染色体的鉴定研究。结果 :安徽亳州板蓝根种质资源有四倍体菘蓝和二倍体菘蓝。结论 :确定二倍体菘蓝为板蓝根规范化种植的种质资源。     

分枝杆菌菌种鉴定DNA微阵列的初步研究与应用

目的制备快速鉴定分枝杆菌菌种的DNA微阵列。方法根据19种分枝杆菌标准株的16SRNA序列设计寡核苷酸探针,制备DNA微阵列,通过反向杂交技术鉴定19种分枝杆菌标准株、9种非分枝杆菌标准株和31株分枝杆菌临床分离株带荧光标记的PCR产物。结果该DNA微阵列与9种非分枝杆菌标准株不杂交,具有分枝杆菌特异性;可将19种分枝杆菌标准株鉴定到群或种,具有较高的分枝杆菌种特异性。应用PCR-SSCP分枝杆菌初步菌种鉴定方法对31株分枝杆菌临床分离株进行初步的鉴定,9株为结核分枝杆菌复合群和22株为非结核分枝杆菌。应用DNA微阵列进一步进行菌种鉴定,9株与探针a杂交阳性,为结核分枝杆菌复合群;2株与探针c杂交阳性,为胞内分枝杆菌;8株与探针d杂交阳性,为堪萨斯分枝杆菌或瘰疬分枝杆菌或猿猴分枝杆菌或胃分枝杆菌;1株与探针k杂交阳性,为戈登分枝杆菌;2株与探针p杂交阳性,为龟分枝杆菌脓肿亚种;2株与探针r杂交阳性,为偶然分枝杆菌;1株与探针s杂交阳性,为草分枝杆菌;2株与探针a和p杂交阳性,为结核分枝杆菌和龟分枝杆菌脓肿亚种复合感染株;1株与探针a和r杂交阳性,为结核分枝杆菌和偶然分枝杆菌复合感染株;3株与该芯片杂交阴性。2株临床分离株经基因测序也证实DNA微阵列鉴定的特异性。结论该DNA微阵列有可能简便、快速、准确地     

枣属药用植物资源产业化过程副产物及废弃物的资源价值发现与循环利用策略构建

我国枣属（Ziziphus）植物可供药用的主要有枣、酸枣和滇刺枣,均属药食同源品种,资源需求量大。但其在生产及深加工过程产生大量废弃物及副产物,因无有效利用途径而废弃,造成资源浪费与环境污染。结合课题组前期研究进展,对该类群药用植物资源产业化过程废弃物及副产物的产生及其潜在资源价值进行了分析,对其资源利用途径与系统利用策略进行了整理,以期为我国枣属药用植物资源产业链延伸提供支撑,为其资源价值提升提供借鉴。      

Developmental needs and early childhood education: evolutionary,my dear Watson

Examining the processes of natural selection, described by Darwin in The Origin of Species, casts light on our own species’ fundamental needs and on the far greater role that early childhood educators can play in their fulfillment. The second section of this paper analyzes how our fundamental needs emerge in a sequence underpinned by the processes of natural selection (goodness‐of‐fit, variation and replication), are thus developmental in a new sense and are fulfilled only as organisms interact with their immediate environment. The subsequent section presents a model of how, in accordance with natural selection, adults can practise collaborative behaviors that facilitate this developmental sequence throughout life. The fourth section shows how early childhood educators who practise this model in interaction with their immediate environment (which includes parents) help to fulfill the fundamental needs and increase the internal resources of all participants—themselves, parents and children. Substantiating evidence comes from the author’s studies.     

Survey of maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists: Professional activities,job setting,satisfaction, and trends over time

The purpose of this survey was to describe the job setting, professional activities, and satisfaction of maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) subspecialists and to compare these with previous surveys. A questionnaire was mailed to members of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians (SPO). The results were compared to a similar survey in 1986. Of 1,352 members, 58% responded. In comparison to 1986, there was an increase in percentage of women (25%); a decrease in university hospital-based faculty (55%); and an increase in community hospital-based salaried physicians (23%) and private practice (15%). The distribution of professional time changes with an increase in clinical care, a decrease in teaching and research. The annual number of procedures increased for ultrasound and genetics and decreased for gynecologic procedures. Since 1986, there have been significant changes among MFM subspecialists in job setting, allocation of professional time, and number and types of procedures. Job satisfaction remains high.     

Professional Burnout:

This paper attempts to answer the question of why social caseworkers have ongoing supervision by exploring the historical evolution of social work supervision. Supervision has withstood the many changes in the field since its beginning in the late 1800s and has been reinterpreted to fit the prevailing theories guiding practice, thus avoiding obsolescence. Supervision began as an educational device, then evolved into a practice tool, later became a therapeutic method, and then became a separate entity from therapy.     

Human Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Enzymes: Function,Genetic Variation and Regulation

The microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) family 4 monooxygenases are the major fatty acid ω-hydroxylases. These enzymes remove excess free fatty acids to prevent lipotoxicity, catabolize leukotrienes and prostanoids, and also produce bioactive metabolites from arachidonic acid ω-hydroxylation. In addition to endogenous substrates, recent evidence indicates that CYP4 monooxygenases can also metabolize xenobiotics, including therapeutic drugs. This review focuses on human CYP4 enzymes and updates current knowledge concerning catalytic activity profiles, genetic variation and regulation of expression. Comparative differences between the human and rodent CYP4 enzymes regarding catalytic function and conditional expression are also discussed.     

有效利用人力资源应对门诊护理人员不足的探讨

目的从工作实践中总结管理体会，有效应对当前形势下门诊护理人员缺编现象。方法统计我院门诊9个岗位三年内完成的工作量、人均接待的门诊量、岗位设置及对应人数的配置、护理人员各种休假总天数、人均各种休假天数，做自身比对。结果人员配备增长速度缓慢于工作量增长速度，人力资源不足时，有向护理人员的休假做透支性“借贷”倾向。结论护理人员缺编，会给医院顺利完成日常工作、确保医疗安全带来负面影响，护士长要有灵活多变的管理思路，弹性利用人力，巧妙应对门诊护理人员不足。     

Respiratory Health in Latin America: Number of Specialists and Human Resources Training

Latin America is made up of a number of developing countries. Demographic changes are occurring in close to 600 million inhabitants, in whom a significant growth in population is combined with the progressive ageing of the population. This part of the world poses great challenges for general and respiratory health. Most of the countries have significant, or even greater, rates of chronic respiratory diseases or exposure to risk. Human resources in healthcare are not readily available, particularly in the area of respiratory disease specialists. Academic training centres are few and even non-existent in the majority of the countries.The detailed analysis of these conditions provides a basis for reflection on the main challenges and proposals for the management and training of better human resources in this specialist area.