全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9292篇 |
免费 | 435篇 |
国内免费 | 249篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 754篇 |
儿科学 | 271篇 |
妇产科学 | 78篇 |
基础医学 | 1172篇 |
口腔科学 | 111篇 |
临床医学 | 987篇 |
内科学 | 1102篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 2552篇 |
特种医学 | 139篇 |
外科学 | 246篇 |
综合类 | 1089篇 |
预防医学 | 609篇 |
眼科学 | 33篇 |
药学 | 585篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 199篇 |
肿瘤学 | 28篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 123篇 |
2022年 | 389篇 |
2021年 | 756篇 |
2020年 | 597篇 |
2019年 | 255篇 |
2018年 | 365篇 |
2017年 | 389篇 |
2016年 | 332篇 |
2015年 | 272篇 |
2014年 | 670篇 |
2013年 | 575篇 |
2012年 | 465篇 |
2011年 | 504篇 |
2010年 | 418篇 |
2009年 | 481篇 |
2008年 | 464篇 |
2007年 | 429篇 |
2006年 | 329篇 |
2005年 | 268篇 |
2004年 | 226篇 |
2003年 | 196篇 |
2002年 | 153篇 |
2001年 | 115篇 |
2000年 | 108篇 |
1999年 | 89篇 |
1998年 | 60篇 |
1997年 | 56篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 44篇 |
1990年 | 34篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 26篇 |
1985年 | 33篇 |
1984年 | 47篇 |
1983年 | 31篇 |
1982年 | 34篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 22篇 |
1978年 | 27篇 |
1977年 | 31篇 |
1976年 | 33篇 |
1975年 | 34篇 |
1974年 | 27篇 |
1973年 | 45篇 |
排序方式: 共有9976条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Eric Y. T. Chan Daniel K. Ng Chung-hong Chan Ka-li Kwok Pok-yu Chow Josephine M. Cheung Suk-yu Leung 《Sleep & breathing》2009,13(1):59-63
Background and objective The purpose of this study is to assess whether Chinese children with high apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) are sleepier by a modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
Materials and methods Records were retrospectively reviewed. We included children who were between 3 and 12 years old, admitted for overnight polysomnogram
because of suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). A modified ESS was used to assess excessive daytime sleepiness
(EDS) of the children.
Results One hundred ninety-two Chinese children were included. Children with high AHI, defined as AHI > 5.0, were sleepier than children with AHI less than or equal
to 5. After adjustment by age, gender, and obesity, children with high AHI remained significantly sleepier. Modified ESS was
significantly correlated with AHI (rho = 0.124, 95% CI = 0.004–0.281). Modified ESS score of >8 was the best cutoff point
with the sensitivity and specificity of 0.29 and 0.91, respectively. The odds ratio of children with modified ESS > 10 having
high AHI was 4.231 (95%CI = 1.248 to 14.338) and children with modified ESS > 8 had the highest odds ratio, 4.295(95%CI = 1.66
to 11.1), of having high AHI.
Conclusion
Chinese children with high AHI appear to be sleepier than children with low AHI. Children with suspected OSAS and high modified ESS,
i.e., ESS > 8, had significantly higher odds ratio of having high AHI. Increased sleepiness is a specific but not a sensitive
symptom in snoring children with high AHI. Screening for EDS in snoring children may help us identify those with high AHI
and prioritize the management of those children.
All authors worked and the study was carried out in Kwong Wah Hospital in Hong Kong. There was no conflict of interest and
no specific source of funding for the study. 相似文献
22.
23.
急性心肌梗死患者睡眠质量的临床研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 对急性心肌梗死(Acute Myocardial Infarction,AMI)患者睡眠状况进行观察,研究其规律性及与心肌梗死发生、转归的关系。方法 对75例AMI患者分别进行睡眠质量观察和评估。结果 AMI患者按睡眠质量总分分组后,高得分组(≥5.06分,40例)的平均住院时间、梗死面积、合并症数目均明显高于低得分组(〈5.06分,35例),而低得分组的日常生活能力得分却明显高于高得分组(P〈0.05)。结论 AMI患者有明显的睡眠质量下降,并影响其梗死面积、合并症、日常生活活动能力和住院时间。 相似文献
24.
The proportion of diagnosed depressives prescribed antidepressants has increased markedly over the last 20 years, mainly following the introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, currently available antidepressants have notable limitations, relating to their only moderate efficacy relative to placebo, relatively slow onset of action, possible withdrawal symptoms, and problems of compliance. Sleep disturbances are often used to identify newly presenting depressive patients, and may be part of a more general alteration of bodily rhythms. There are links between pharmacological treatments and circadian rhythms in depression, which might represent another, new option for the development of a therapeutic approach to depression treatment. Many antidepressants affect sleep, some are sedative, and others have been used specifically in severely insomniac depressives. Disturbances in circadian rhythms may be an integral part of depressive mechanisms, and normalising them via an innovative mechanism of antidepressant action may be a fruitful avenue in the search for improved antidepressant agents. 相似文献
25.
小儿阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的诊断及治疗 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
目的探讨基层医院小儿阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的诊断和治疗。方法对临床疑似患儿,用多功能监测仪行夜间持续脉搏氧饱和度和呼吸监测、头颈侧位摄片、纤维鼻咽镜检查,确诊后行手术治疗。结果患儿多有睡眠粗响鼾声、扁桃体和(或)腺样体肥大,呼吸道感染、中耳炎、发育不良及中枢系统并发症的发生率较高。最低氧饱和度(85±7)%,睡眠呼吸暂停指数(apneaindex,AI)≥1者22例,睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apneahypopneaindex,AHI)≥5者30例。在全麻下行扁桃体和腺样体切除术,同时行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形3例,双侧鼓膜切开引流术15例。术后症状及相关指标改善明显。结论便携式多功能监测仪可精确诊断OSAHS,扁桃体和腺样体切除是有效的治疗方法。 相似文献
26.
P. Subashini Dr. A. Ravikumar M.S. DNB DLORCS M. S. Ranjit V. K. Sairam R. P. Vatsanath S. Jayasree 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2007,59(1):73-75
A two and half year old male child was seen with systemic hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, mitral regurgitation and congestive cardiac failure. Examination revealed adenoid hypertrophy. He was also suffering from obstructive sleep apnea. He was being treated with anti-hypertensive and anti-failure drugs. Adenoidectomy was performed following which obstructive sleep apnea symptoms disappeared and his cardiac status improved markedly. Subsequently he was weaned off anti-hypertensive and anti-failure therapy. 相似文献
27.
Intermittent positive pressure ventilation by nasal mask: Technique and applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Intermittent positive pressure ventilation delivered non-invasively through a well-fitting nasal mask has been used to control nocturnal hypoventilation in three patients with severe, combined cardio-respiratory and skeletal disease. The advantages of this approach to domiciliary ventilation are described and the requirements of the ventilator are defined. 相似文献
28.
When administered systemically, glucose attenuates deficits in memory produced by several classes of drugs, including cholinergic antagonists and opiate agonists. Glucose also enhances memory in aged rats, mice, and humans. In addition, glucose ameliorates age-related reductions in paradoxical sleep. Because deficits in paradoxical sleep are most marked in those individual aged rats that also have deficits in memory, treatments which improve one of these functions may similarly improve the other. The present experiments show that glucose attenuates deficits in paradoxical sleep and memory after atropine administration, with similar dose-response curves for both actions. In the first experiment, rats received saline, atropine (1 mg/kg), glucose (100 mg/kg) or combinations of atropine + glucose (10, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) 30 min before assessment on a spontaneous alternation task. In the second experiment, 3-h EEGs were assessed for spontaneous daytime sleep in rats administered saline, atropine (1 mg/kg), glucose (100 mg/kg) or combinations of atropine + glucose (10, 100 and 250 mg/kg). In both experiments, glucose significantly attenuated deficits at an optimal dose of 100 mg/kg. A third experiment assessed blood glucose levels after injections of atropine + glucose (100 mg/kg) and determined that blood glucose levels were similar to those produced by other treatments which enhance memory. These results are consistent with the view that paradoxical sleep and at least one test of memory are similarly influenced by atropine and glucose. 相似文献
29.
G. Dewasmes B. Bothorel A. Hoeft V. Candas 《European journal of applied physiology》1993,66(6):542-546
Summary Thermoregulatory sweating [total body (m
sw,b), chest (m
sw,c) and thigh (m
sw,t) sweating], body temperatures [oesophageal (T
oes) and mean skin temperature (T
sk)] and heart rate were investigated in five sleep-deprived subjects (kept awake for 27 h) while exercising on a cycle (45 min at approximately 50% maximal oxygen consumption) in moderate heat (T
air andT
wall at 35° C. Them
sw,c andm
sw,t were measured under local thermal clamp (T
sk,1), set at 35.5° C. After sleep deprivation, neither the levels of body temperatures (T
oes,T
sk) nor the levels ofm
sw, b,m
sw, c orm
sw, t differed from control at rest or during exercise steady state. During the transient phase of exercise (whenT
sk andT
sk,1 were unvarying), them
sw, c andm
sw, t changes were positively correlated with those ofT
oes. The slopes of them
sw, c versusT
oes, orm
sw, t versusT
oes relationships remained unchanged between control and sleep-loss experiments. Thus the slopes of the local sweating versusT
oes, relationships (m
sw, c andm
sw, t sweating data pooled which reached 1.05 (SEM 0.14) mg·cm–2·min–1°C–1 and 1.14 (SEM 0.18) mg·cm–2·min–1·°C–1 before and after sleep deprivation) respectively did not differ. However, in our experiment, sleep deprivation significantly increased theT
oes threshold for the onset of bothm
sw, c andm
sw, t (+0.3° C,P<0.001). From our investigations it would seem that the delayed core temperature for sweating onset in sleep-deprived humans, while exercising moderately in the heat, is likely to have been due to alterations occurring at the central level. 相似文献
30.
Flumazenil exerts intrinsic activity on sleep EEG and nocturnal hormone secretion in normal controls
A. Steiger J. Guldner C. J. Lauer C. Meschenmoser T. Pollmächer F. Holsboer 《Psychopharmacology》1994,113(3-4):334-338
The physiological function of benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptors includes regulation of sleep and neuroendocrine activity. Most of the pharmacological effects of BDZ are blocked by flumazenil. However, recent neurological and behavioral studies suggest that flumazenil has its own central intrinsic activity. This issue was addressed in a study of the sleep EEG and the nocturnal secretion of growth hormone and cortisol in ten normal male controls, who were given flumazenil either alone or in combination with the BDZ agonist midazolam, placebo and midazolam alone. Flumazenil prompted an increase in sleep onset latency, a decrease in slow wave sleep and an increase in wakefulness. Plasma cortisol concentrations after flumazenil administration were lower than after midazolam. Both flumazenil and midazolam decreased nocturnal growth hormone secretion. After simultaneous application of both BDZ receptor ligands the growth hormone blunting was amplified. Our study demonstrates that at the level of the sleep EEG and neuroendocrine activity flumazenil is capable of exerting both agonistic and inverse agonistic or antagonistic effects.Parts of this study were presented at the 69th Meeting of the Deutsche Physiologische Gesellschaft, Freiburg, 6–8 March, 1991 相似文献