Meiotic abnormalities and spermatogenic parameters in severe oligoasthenozoospermia

The incidence of meiotic abnormalities and their relationship with different spermatogenic parameters was assessed in 103 male patients with presumably idiopathic severe oligoasthenozoospermia (motile sperm concentration < or = 1.5 x 10(6)/ml). Meiosis on testicular biopsies was independently evaluated by two observers. Meiotic patterns included normal meiosis and two meiotic abnormalities, i.e. severe arrest and synaptic anomalies. A normal pattern was found in 64 (62.1%), severe arrest in 21 (20.4%) and synaptic anomalies in 18 (17.5%). The overall rate of meiotic abnormalities was 37.9%. Most (66.7%) meiotic abnormalities occurred in patients with a sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/ml. In this group, total meiotic abnormalities were found in 57.8% of the patients; of these, 26.7% had synaptic anomalies. When the sperm concentration was < or = 0.5 x 10(6)/ml, synaptic anomalies were detected in 40% of the patients. In patients with increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations, total meiotic abnormalities occurred in 54.8% (synaptic anomalies in 22.6%). There were statistically significant differences among the three meiotic patterns in relation to sperm concentration (P < 0.001) and serum FSH concentration (P < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/ml and/or FSH concentration > 10 IU/l were the only predictors of meiotic abnormalities.     

参麦注射液对缺血大鼠心肌内钙超载的影响

目的：观察参麦注射液对大鼠缺血心肌细胞内钙超载的影响及其心肌保护作用。方法：用异丙肾上腺素制备大鼠心肌缺血模型,Ｆｕｒａ－２ 法测定大鼠红细胞胞浆游离钙浓度（ＥｒｙＣａｉ）;生化法测定红细胞膜钙泵（Ｃａ－ｐｕｍ ｐ）、钠泵（Ｎａ－ｐｕｍ ｐ）活性,同步观察大鼠心肌组织病理变化。结果：参麦注射液治疗后ＥｒｙＣａｉ较缺血组显著降低（１．６８±０．１０ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ ｖｓ１．５６±０．１５ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ Ｐ＜ ０．０５）,但仍高于对照组（１．５６±０．１５ Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ ｖｓ１．３６±０．１０Ｆ３３５／Ｆ３８５ Ｐ＜ ０．００１）;钙泵（１０５．１±２９．４ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ｖｓ １２６．８±３０．７ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）及钠泵（３５．１±１８．２ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １·２ｈ－ １ ｖｓ ４３．３±１０．２ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）活性较缺血组有所增高,但无统计学意义,且钙泵（１２６．８±３０．７ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ ｖｓ １６８．６±３９．６ μｍ ｏｌＰｉ·ｇＨｂ－ １ ·２ｈ－ １ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）及钠泵（４３     

食管癌术后一次性硬膜外注射和肌肉注射镇痛法的比较

目的：确定硬膜外一次性镇痛法对食管癌病人术后的镇痛效果和减少并发症的意义。方法：９３ 例病人随机分成实验组（ Ｔ 组,５１ 例） 和对照组（ Ｃ 组,４２ 例） , Ｔ 组于手术结束缝合皮肤切口时经硬膜外导管于 Ｔ６ － ７ 水平注射吗啡１ ｍｇ 加１ ％ 普鲁卡因１０ ｍｌ, Ｃ 组用阿片类药物肌肉注射镇痛。结果： Ｔ 组病人术后疼痛明显减轻,各种并发症显著下降。结论：硬膜外一次性镇痛效果确切,操作方便,副作用少,对降低术后心肺并发症很有意义,尤其对年龄大、心肺功能差的病人较适合。     

生脉注射液对阿霉素致心脏损伤保护作用的实验研究

用Wister大鼠模型研究生脉注射液对阿霉素致心脏损伤的保护作用。结果：使用生脉注射液比单纯使用阿霉素,血清SOD活性升高,MDA、GOT、LDH、HBDH、LDH1／LDH2比值及心肌病理计分下降。表明;生脉注射液对阿霉素导致的心脏损伤具有保护作用,其机理与其清除氧自由基,保护SOD活性有关。     

慢心律联合丹参治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效观察

目的 :为糖尿病周围神经病变探讨有效的治疗方法。方法 :选择 65例糖尿病周围神经病变患者 ,随机分为两组 ,一组为慢心律治疗组 ,另一组为慢心律联合丹参注射液治疗组 ,以临床表现改善客观指标及运动传导速度 (MCV)、感觉传导速度 (SCV)测定做为判定标准。结果 :两组经治疗 4wk后 ,慢心律组总有效率为76 7% ,慢心律联合丹参注射液组总有效率为 94 3 %。两组肌电图显示神经传导异常率均下降 ,而以慢心律联合丹参注射液组作用较强 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :慢心律联合丹参注射液治疗糖尿病周围神经病变更有效     

薄层扫描法测定清开灵注射液中栀子甙的含量

目的：测定清开灵注射液中栀子甙的含量。方法：采用双波长薄层扫描法,测定波长为２４０ ｎｍ ,参比波长为３１０ ｎｍ ,狭缝为１－２ ｍ ｍ ×１－２ ｍ ｍ ,ＳＸ＝ ３ 。结果：在１ ～５ μｇ 范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为９９ ．８９ ％ 。ＲＳＤ＝ １－１９ ％ （ｎ ＝５） 。结论：本法简便、快速、灵敏、结果准确可靠。     

国产环丙沙星注射液临床疗效的观察

目的 :评价国产环丙沙星注射液治疗下呼吸道、泌尿系及伤寒等细菌性感染的临床疗效、细菌学疗效和安全性。方法 :采用随机对照开放试验的方法 ,对国产环丙沙星注射液的临床疗效和细菌清除率进行了观察。结果 :国产环丙沙星注射液临床疗效有效率 84.0 % ,痊愈率 56.0 % ,与对照组头孢氨噻肟疗效一致 ,无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5)。国产环丙沙星注射液细菌清除率 76.9% ,与头孢氨噻肟比较疗效接近 ( P>0 .0 5) ,对肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、枸橼酸杆菌、伤寒杆菌及不动杆菌具有良好的清除作用 ,对铜绿假单胞菌亦有满意的抗菌活性。不良反应轻微 ,用药安全。结论 :国产环丙沙星注射液为广谱、高效、安全的抗菌药物 ,对不能耐受口服制剂者可避免胃肠道的直接刺激作用 ,对重症不能口服者提供了很好的给药途径     

腰椎间盘突出症419例3种非手术疗法疗效分析

为比较下腰痛非手术疗效,４１９例腰椎间盘突出症患者采用腰椎牵引（甲组１９５例）、激素硬膜外注射（乙组１９２例）及经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术或胶原酶溶解术（丙组３２例）进行治疗和随访,采用改良Ｍａｃｎａｂ标准评定。结果：优良率甲组４９％,乙组６６％,丙组８４％,Ｐ＜０．０１;甲组疗效与病程相关,病程＜６个月疗效较好（Ｐ＜０．０５）;平均治疗次数有甲组＞乙组＞丙组的倾向。结论：单纯腰椎牵引对病程较短者疗效较好;病程较长,神经根刺激症状明显者加用激素硬膜外注射可提高疗效;经腰牵、激素硬膜外注射等非手术治疗无效者,如严格掌握适应证和操作技术,采用经皮穿刺椎间盘切吸术或胶原酶溶解术可取得很好疗效     

Pharmacokinetics of methotrexate in leukemia cells: Effect of dose and mode of injection

A lumped compartmental model has been derived to predict methotrexate concentration as a function of time for L1210 cells in BD2F ₁ female mice at doses ranging from 3 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg. Using standard methods of parameter estimation as well as experimental determinations, an integrated approach was derived to account for the differences between the subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) modes of injection. It was found that a single generalized forcing function can be used to fit plasma concentration after s.c. injection for all doses. Adequate fits (average error<20% while the standard deviation of experimental determinations was±22%) of L1210 cell data after s.c. injection were obtained. The best results were for a maximum facilitated influx constant V_max of 0.424 g/min/ml, a Michaelis influx constant K_m of 1,42 g/ml, and a first-order efflux constant of 0.047 min^–1.The model simulations were not sensitive to V_max, K_m,and so long as the ratio V_max/was approximately 9g/ml. The values of V _max ,K _m ,and which were obtained from our analysis of the in vivodata can be explained on the basis of previously performed in vitroexperiments. The parameters obtained from modeling the s.c. data were then applied for i.p. injection data. The resulting fits were adequate (average error<20% while the standard deviation of experimental determinations was±22%). A single generalized forcing function for drug concentration in the peritoneal cavity after i.p. injection for all doses was derived. The application of these results enables the prediction of methotrexate concentration in neoplastic cells at other doses after either s.c. or i.p. injection.