The uses of a patient-based dietetic data-collection systern

The F.I.P. (Financial Information Project) dietetic package allows the collection of basic patient data, which then can be processed to give valuable clinical and management information for use by all dietitians in a dietetic department. The advent of the Korner Reports (DHSS, 1984a) and their implementation highlighted the need to computerize certain aspects of data collection in dietetic departments. Within the West Midlands Regional Health Authority a group of dietitians worked with the Regional Management Services Department to adapt a community nursing system, F.I.P., for use by dietitians. The system was piloted for all paramedical services in 1987 with one health district (North Warwickshire) piloting the dietetic package. It is now used by a range of dietetic and paramedical departments. This paper outlines the system and its uses.     

益肾化浊注射液对慢性肾功能衰竭大鼠残余肾中细胞因子含量的影响

通过观察益肾化浊注射液对5／6肾切除大鼠残余肾中细胞因子含量的影响，益肾化浊注射液延缓慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）模型大鼠肾功能减退的作用机理。结果显示：益肾化浊注射液可以降低5／6肾切在鼠血清肌,尿素氮（P＜0．01），下调肾组织中白细胞介素－1（IL－1）（P＜0．05），白细胞介素－8（IL－8）（P＜0．05）及肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）（P＜0．05）的总体水平，说明益肾化浊注射液可以通过下调5／6肾切除大鼠残余肾中相关细胞因子含量，抑制促炎细胞因子对肾脏的损害，从而延缓CRF的进展。     

提高抗肝癌药物的肝脏浓度并降低心脏,血液浓度的实验研究

实验研究结果表明：阿霉素（ＡＤＭ）在采用推进法注射时，经肝血管或外周静脉途径二者的肝、心与血液浓度均无显著差别．如采用控速缓慢输注法，则经肝血管较经外周静脉在提高肝脏浓度方面具有显著效果，心脏内浓度也有一定程度降低。如在肝血管内输注时与血液净化联合应用，则更能提高上述要求。以上结果将为临床抗癌药介入治疗应用方法的开展提供依据和参考价值。     

参附注射液对肠缺血-再灌注大鼠肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

目的观察肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)在大鼠肠缺血-再灌注损伤过程中的作用及参附注射液对TNF-α的影响,探讨参附注射液防治肠缺血-再灌注损伤机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为肠缺血-再灌注组(IR组)、参附注射液预处理组(SF组)和假手术组(C组)。采用阻断肠系膜上动脉(SMA)的方法制造肠缺血-再灌注模型。分别测定各组动物血浆、肠组织TNF-α含量及血液动力学变化;光镜观察肠粘膜损伤情况。结果IR组再灌注后MAP下降,与C组和SF组比有显著性差异(P<0.01);SF组肠粘膜损伤程度减轻,与IR组比有显著性差异(P<0.01);SF组血浆及肠组织TNF-α水平降低,与IR组比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论参附注射液可明显防治大鼠肠缺血-再灌注导致的肠粘膜损伤,这种作用可能是通过抑制TNF-α的释放实现的。     

Evaluation ofin vitro drug screening leads using experimental models of human ovarian cancer

Summary Five compounds which were identified as potential new anticancer drugs inin vitro screening with the human tumor colony forming assay were selected for further evaluation usingin vitro andin vivo models of human ovarian cancer. Three of five compounds were found to inhibitin vitro colony formation of ovarian cancer cell lines derived from both untreated and combination chemotherapy refractory patients. One compound was also found to prolong survival in a human ovarian carcinoma xenograft model system. This compound, chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide, was selected for development and has shown preliminary indication of activity in phase I clinical testing.     

力学在食管胃腔内弹力环扎吻合术的应用

本文探讨食管胃腔内弹力环扎吻合术的力学机理。这是一种不用任何缝合材料或吻合器进行胃食管吻合的新技术,我们已成功应用于临床。取临床所用的乳胶管按该材料多向异性特征、实验条件以及弹力环数目分为8组,每组3个样品进行各种体外力学试验。通过应力—应变(拉力—伸长)关系曲线和定伸长松驰试验确定它的力学特性是一种粘弹性材料。根据实验所得的应力换算为弹力环对食管和胃组织所施加的最佳压力(压强)是4.23±0.23Kg/cm~2,这样才能保证这一种新颖的吻合术可达到简便、安全、可靠的目的。     

Measurement of free and total hydroxyproline by automated flow injection of serum or urine samples from maintenance hemodialysis patients with renal osteodystrophy

An automated measurement of total and free hydroxyproline in serum or urine is presented that uses flow injection analysis. After exclusion of nonspecific substances, hydroxyproline was oxidized by chloramine- T and L-cysteine with Ehrlich's reagent. The linearity obtained was from 3.8μmole/ L to 1.22 mmole/L with good precision (CV <3%). Comparison of the proposed method with HPLC yielded r = 0.939 as the correlation coefficient. Reference intervals of free and total hydroxyproline are 1.4–9.7 μmole/L, 3.8–27.2 μmole/L for serum, and 10.0–72.5 μmole/L, 25.2–303.6 μmole/L for urine, respectively. Serum free and total hydroxyproline levels in renal osteodystrophy patients on maintenance hemodialysis (N = 71) were significantly higher than in controls (P<0.0001). This method is superior to the use of HPLC with regard to stability of the color reaction. The measurement of serum free and total hydroxyproline is a useful marker for therapeutic observation of renal osteodystrophy patients. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.