参苓白术散加减对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物性腹泻患儿免疫功能及肠道菌群的分析

目的探讨参苓白术散加减对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物性腹泻(AAD)患儿免疫功能及肠道菌群的分析。方法选取2017年2月~2018年9月收治的90例β-内酰胺类抗菌药物性腹泻患儿作为研究对象,使用随机数表法将其随机等分为研究组与对照组,对照组45例给予常规西医治疗,研究组在对照组治疗基础上给予参苓白术散加减治疗,观察其对两组患儿免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响,临床疗效情况。结果研究组的临床疗效情况显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后其CD4+/CD8+、CD4+、IgA、IgG免疫功能指标均得到显著改善,研究组患儿的各项指标改善度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后PCT、血清二胺氧化酶、sIgA含量及粪便球/杆菌比例水平均有所改善,研究组的改善情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散加减治疗对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物性腹泻患儿的疗效明显,改善免疫功能和肠道菌群。     

《金匮要略》竹皮大丸新解

竹皮大丸出自张仲景的《金匮要略》,历代注家对该方认识不一,多数认为该方以竹茹为君药,旨在清热除烦,安中降逆,后世临床医生常遵此法,而对原条文中记载的"安中益气"重视不够。对此,笔者基于原文,经反复研读,认为竹皮大丸与《金匮要略·血痹虚劳病》篇中的小建中汤在病机、症状、治法、方药上有诸多相似,两者乃是一脉相承,皆以甘温药物,清降阴火,但又各有特色。     

五苓散提高泌尿系CTU检查诊断能力价值探讨

目的观察五苓散对泌尿系疾病患者多层螺旋CT尿路成像（CTU）检查缩短延迟时间的影响，提高CTU检查效率及质量。方法随机抽取两组患者，五苓散组口服五苓散后做CTU检查，安慰剂组口服安慰剂做CTU检查。均使用常规剂量造影剂，两组患者CTU延迟时间、图像质量做对比分析。结果安慰剂组平均延迟时间为（9．15±0．42）min，五苓散组平均延迟时间为（6．23±0．38）min，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者的图像质量相近（P〉0．05）。结论口服五苓散后做CTU检查较未服五苓散者时间有缩短，同时使用五苓散不影响图像质量。     

酸枣仁汤及其加减方防治焦虑症的研究进展

酸枣仁汤出自《金匮要略》，由酸枣仁、茯苓、知母、川芎和甘草组成，主治“虚烦虚劳不得眠”。在现代临床应用中，酸枣仁汤原方除用于治疗睡眠障碍外，其原方及加减方亦用于治疗焦虑症以及失眠、心脏介入、心肌梗死等疾病合并焦虑，并与其他方剂（栀子豉汤、甘麦大枣汤、百合知母地黄汤、金铃子散等）、西药（如帕罗西汀、佐匹克隆、依那普利、氨氯地平、二甲双胍、盐酸舍曲林等）、中医针刺或穴位贴敷等联用，用于治疗单纯性焦虑及心血管神经官能症、癌症、高血压、2型糖尿病等疾病合并焦虑，临床治疗结果表明酸枣仁汤及其加减方能明显降低患者汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、患者焦虑自评量表（SAS）等焦虑评分，改善焦虑症状疗效显著且副作用少。实验药理学研究发现，酸枣仁汤通过调节脑内激素水平和神经递质如多巴胺（DA）、高香草酸（HVA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）、5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）、谷氨酸（Glu）、β-内啡肽（β-EP）等的含量；通过降低炎性细胞因子如白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤环伺因子-α（TNF-α）水平，增强B淋巴细胞增殖反应、腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能及下调T淋巴细胞增殖来调节免疫功能；通过升高促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和皮质酮（CORT）水平及增加糖皮质激素受体（GR）表达来调节内分泌水平，进而调节神经系统、内分泌系统和免疫系统的稳态而达到防治焦虑的作用。该文对酸枣仁汤防治焦虑的临床和基础研究进展进行了系统综述，以期为酸枣仁汤作用原理和物质基础研究以及焦虑症新药研发提供参考。     

湿热汤配合薄芝糖肽注射液治疗自身敏感性湿疹的临床观察

脾虚血燥型自身敏感性湿疹患者240例被随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用湿热汤配合薄芝糖肽注射液,对照组采用氯雷他啶片,临床验证其治疗3个月和1年时的总有效率及1年的痊愈率,治疗组分別为89.8%,82.5%,10.5%;对照组分別为60%,50%,1%,两组比较差异均有显著性（P〈0.01）。研究表明湿热汤配合薄芝糖肽注射液可抑制毛细血管通透性增加,具有良好的抗炎和抗迟发型变态反应和提高免疫的作用。     

Investigation of Solid Dosage Form Components Interaction Using Orthogonal Techniques- Discovery of New Forms of Sodium Stearyl Fumarate

Physical or chemical interactions between drug product (DP) components can occur during manufacturing and/or upon storage; and may alter DP shelf life and performance. In this work a new Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) peak was observed in DP under accelerated storage conditions. Due to the complex drug product matrix (including API, polymer, fillers, super disintegrant and lubricant), it was challenging to pinpoint the component(s) responsible for the new peak. In addition to PXRD, other orthogonal techniques including Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (SSNMR) and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy were employed in this investigation to understand the root cause mechanistically. Specifically, multi nuclei SSNMR (¹H, ²³Na, ¹³C) was instrumental in delineating the components of the matrix. We identified the root cause to be an acid base reaction occurring in the DP, whereby sodium ion in sodium stearyl fumarate (SSF) is replaced by proton leading to SSF form conversion. We also identified commercially available SSF to be a hydrate that can dehydrate to an anhydrous form upon heating. In general, the same techniques can be used to investigate interactions of any multi component solid dosage forms.     

A comparison between two powder compaction parameters of plasticity: The effective medium A parameter and the Heckel 1/K parameter

The purpose of the research was to introduce a procedure to derive a powder compression parameter (EM A) representing particle yield stress using an effective medium equation and to compare the EM A parameter with the Heckel compression parameter (1/K).     

Xiao-Chai-Hu Tang in Treating Model Mice With D-Galactosamine-Induced Liver Injury

This study explored the effects of a classical Chinese medicine formula- Xiao-Chai-Hu Tang(XCHT) on the model mice with D-galactosamine -induced liver injury. Sixty male imprinting control region (ICR) mice were used in the present study, and they were separated randomly into 6 groups: a normal control group (Group A, n=10), a model control (Group B, n=10), a positive control (Group C, n=10), a low dose of XCHT group (Group D, n=10), a medium dose of XCHT group (Group E, n=10), and a high dose of XCHT group (Group F, n=10). ELISA was used to detect the IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the serum. Real-time PCR was performed to assess the expression of FasmRNA, Fas-LmRNA, Bcl-2mRNA of the liver tissues. Western blotting was used to detect the Bax protein expression of the liver tissues. The serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels of Group B were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05). The expression of Fas mRNA, Fas-LmRNA, and Bax protein of the liver tissues of Group B were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA of the liver tissues of Group B was significantly lower than other groups (P<0.05). Both of XCHT and biphenyl dicarboxylate significantly decreased the serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels and FasmRNA, FasLmRNA, Bax protein expression and increased the Bcl-2 mRNA expression of the liver tissues of model mice (P<0.05). It may be through decreasing the serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels and FasmRNA, FasLmRNA, Bax protein expression and increasing the Bcl-2 mRNA expression of the liver tissues that XCHT significantly relieved the D-galactosamine -induced liver injury.     

柴芍六君汤干预慢性乙型肝炎患者YMDD变异的临床研究

目的 观察柴芍六君汤、拉米夫定联合治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者YMDD变异的情况.方法 采用非随机同期对照试验,将405例慢性乙型肝炎患者分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组220例,对照组185例,对照组给予拉米夫定100 mg,每天1次,口服,治疗18个月.治疗组给予柴胡六君汤每日1剂,同时口服拉米夫定100 mg,每天1次,治疗18个月.观察患者临床症状、ALT复常率、HBeAg阴转率,HBeAg血清转换率,HBV DNA阴转率、治疗12个月及18个月的YMDD变异率.率的比较采用χ2检验,均数比较采用t检验或U检验,方差不齐者用秩和检验. 结果治疗3.6、12.18个月时,ALT复常率治疗组分别为69.5%、85.9%、90.5%,82.7%,对照组分别为50.3%、65.4%、78.4%,69.7%,两组比较,χ2值分别为15.70、23.50、11.50.9.50.JD值均<0.01,差异均有统计学意义.治疗组12、18个月HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg阴转率、HBeAg血清转换率、YMDD变异率分别为77.7%、57.7%、25.5%、6.8%和86.8%、74.1%、33.2%、8.6%,对照组分别为54.6%、36.8%,13.O%,14.6%和69.2%、37.3%、19.5%、20.5%,两组比较,χ2值分别为24.38、17.70、9.88、6.54和18.67、55.60、9.62,11.78,P<0.01或P<0.05,差异有统计学意义. 结论柴芍六君汤联合拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎,能有效地改善肝功能,提高拉米夫定抑制HBV复制的作用,减少YMDD变异的发生.