青刺果多糖对糖尿病小鼠血糖、血脂含量的影响

目的研究青刺果多糖对四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病小鼠的血糖、血脂等血液生化指标的影响。方法腹腔一次性注射四氧嘧啶复制模型。造模成功后,将实验动物分为模型组(生理盐水)、青刺果多糖治疗组(300 mg/kg)、阿卡波糖阳性药物治疗组(20 mg/kg)和正常对照组(生理盐水)。每组小鼠于给药后2周末、4周末分别测定空腹12h血糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、尿素氮和总胆固醇的含量及小鼠体重。结果2周末,青刺果多糖治疗组和阳性药物治疗组与模型组相比,血糖、丙氨酸转氨酶均显著降低(P<0.05),甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、天冬氨酸转氨酶、尿素氮和总胆固醇均无差异,体重明显升高(P<0.05);4周末,青刺果多糖治疗组和阳性药物对照组与模型组相比,血糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、天冬氨酸转氨酶、尿素氮均显著降低(P<0.05),丙氨酸转氨酶则极显著降低(P<0.01),对总胆固醇的影响无显著差异,体重逐渐增加接近正常。结论青刺果多糖具有降低糖尿病小鼠血糖水平,调节血脂紊乱和保护肝肾的功能。     

早期多发伤患者血清胆碱酯酶检测的意义

血清胆碱酯酶（ChE）是一种羧酸酯水解酶，近年的研究表明，它对肝脏疾病的诊断、疗效观察及预后判定有重要意义；但以往对于血清ChE活性主要用于有机磷中毒、慢性肝炎、脂肪肝等疾病的评价，对于多发伤中血清ChE的变化和作用却鲜有报道。大量的检测结果表明多发伤患者血清ChE活性水平的检测具有十分重要的意义，本文通过对128例严重多发伤患者伤后24h内血清ChE的活性检测，研究血清ChE活性水平与血清白蛋白浓度、ALT、AST等指标的相关性，探讨血清ChE活性水平在严重多发伤评价中的重要作用。     

慢性肾脏病患者血浆半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C检测的临床意义

目的：探讨血浆半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C（Cystatin C）水平的检测在慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者中的临床意义。方法：研究对象为10名健康人（对照组）和42例CKD患者，检测其血清Cystatin C、血肌酐（Scr）水平及肌酐清除率（Ccr）。以^99mTc—DTPA清除率测得的肾小球滤过率（GFR）为标准，比较Cystatin C．Scr，与Ccr的相关性及CysC与Scr敏感度。结果：18例CDK1期患者，其BUN、Scr与对照组比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；血Cys、β2-MG、24h尿蛋白、尿Cys浓度与对照组比较存在显著性差异（P〈0，01）；CysC与Ccr相关性系数r为-0．45．P〈0．05．而SCr与Ccr无显著相关性（P〉0．05），24例CKD2、3、4、5期患者CysC，Scr与Ccr都成显著负相关性（P〈0．01），相关系数r分别为-0．88、-0．75；CKD 1期、2期患者CysC阳性数与SCr阳性数两者比较存在显著性差异（P〈0．01），CKD3、4、5期患者CysC阳性数与Scr阳性数比较均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：血清Cystatin C是理想的反映GFR的血清标志物，对慢性肾脏（CKD）患者诊断有极其重要的临床意义。     

甲磺酸左氧氟沙星血、尿浓度测定及人体内的药代动力学

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定口服甲磺酸左氧氟沙星后人血清及尿中左旋氧氟沙星药物浓度,色谱柱为ＡＬＬＴＩＭＡＣ１８５μｍ,２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ。流动相为０．００５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸溴化四丁基铵乙腈（１１１）,ｐＨ＝２．８,流速１．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,荧光检测激发波长２９８ｎｍ,发射波长４５８ｎｍ,以环丙沙星为内标,室温下血、尿样品用１０％三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白后,取上清液进样测定。此方法日内、日间误差均小于６％,平均血清回收率为９４．５２％,尿回收率为９８．６８％。最低检测浓度为２ｎｇ／ｍｌ。应用此方法研究了１６名健康男性志愿者分两组分别单剂口服１００或２００ｍｇ国产甲磺酸左氧氟沙星片的药代动力学。试验结果表明,甲磺酸左氧氟沙星片在健康志愿者体内表现为明显的线性药动学,血药浓度数据符合二室模型,大部分药物以原型从尿中排泄。本项研究结果为国产甲磺酸左氧氟沙星片的临床应用提供了科学依据。     

A combined ultrasonic and biochemical study of fetal renal function in the term fetus.

The fetal glomerular filtration rate of plasma (GFR) and the percentage of fetal tubular reabsorption of water were measured by means of combined ultrasonic and biochemical methods in 20 normal and 10 complicated pregnancies. The duration of pregnancy varied from 35 to 42 wk. In normal pregnancy GFR of plasma varied from 2.0 to 7.1 ml/min (mean = 4.1) and tubular reabsorption of water ranged from 84.1 to 93.0% (mean = 89.8). There was no relationship with gestational age. In the group of complicated pregnancies - apart from one anencephalic case - no apparent difference in GFR and percentage tubular reabsorption between the group of normal (greater than or equal to 10th percentile) and reduced fetal birth weight (less than 10th percentile) was observed.     

梅花鹿血液的生化指标

对8只雄性梅花鹿血液血象与生化指标检查证实:梅花鹿血的红细胞数为1250万/Inln,红细胞平均Hb含量为38.7 Pg,红细胞平均Hb浓度970 lL,都远远高于人正常生理值,因此含有丰富的含铁血红素和氧。检测的7种主要酶也远远高于人正常生理值,其中磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、a羟了酸脱氢酶(HBD)、磷酸肌酸激酶辅酶分别为327单位/升、639单位/升、772单位/升,是人正常生理值7-10倍。     

食管癌患者血清VEGF水平及其临床意义

目的检测食管癌患者血清中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平并探讨其临床意义。方法用ELISA方法检测38例食管癌和82例正常人群血清中VEGF165的浓度。结果正常健康人血清中存在VEGF165,其正常值为0．188μg／L,食管鳞癌者血清中VEGF水平明显高于正常对照组,血清VEGF水平随着食管临床病理分期的进展而逐步升高。结论VEGF血清水平在一定程度上反映食管癌患者的临床病理分期,有利于对治疗措施的选择和预后的判断。     

肺癌患者血管紧张素转换酶变化的观察

目的　研究肺癌患者血清血管紧张素转换酶(SACE)的活性及其化疗后的变化。方法　用紫外线分光光度计测定肺癌患者、肺炎患者及正常人的SACE。结果　肺癌患者的SACE活性明显低于肺炎组及正常组(P<0.01)。肺癌患者经化疗后SACE活性明显增高(P<0.01)。结论　测定SACE活性有助于肺部良、恶性病变的鉴别诊断及监测肺癌预后     

Primary adrenal lymphoma discovered as an incidentaloma: case report and review of the literature

Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) discovered at an early stage is extremely rare. We report a case of PAL incidentally discovered by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan as a 4.5-cm solid mass in the left adrenal gland. The patient was an 80-year-old man, and, from imaging studies, the left adrenal mass was considered to be a non-functioning adrenal cortical cancer. Left adrenalectomy was performed, and the resected tumor proved to be non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse large B-cell type. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, and the patient has been well with no evidence of the disease for 20 months postoperatively. Received: September 3, 1998 / Accepted: November 30, 1998     

SERUM CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN NORWEGIAN ADOLESCENT SCHOOL CHILDREN

ABSTRACT. The frequency distribution of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in 172 boys and 232 girls, 13–16 years, from four elementary schools in Oslo has been determined. The cholesterol values were significantly higher for girls 15–16 years than for boys of the same age group. In the case of triglycerides boys 15–16 years had significantly higher values than boys 13–14 years. Otherwise no statistically significant differences with regard to sex and age were observed. The 85th percentiles have been suggested as appropriate upper normal limits. In all groups the 85th percentile for plasma cholesterol was slightly below 6 mmol/l. The corresponding plasma triglyceride value was below 2 mmol/l.