695例茶碱血药浓度监测分析

目的：了解影响茶碱血药浓度的因素以指导临床用药。方法：本文对接受茶碱维持量疗法的695例患者的茶碱血药浓度监测结果进行了回顾性分析。结果：35.1%的病例茶碱血药浓度在有效血药浓度范围内（10-20μg/ml),35.8%的病例茶碱血药浓度低于10μg/ml,29.1%的病例茶碱血药浓度高于20μg/ml；环丙沙星，氟罗沙星，沙丁胺醇提高茶碱血药浓度；特布他林、利福平、速尿降低茶碱血药浓度；合并肝功能异常，肺心病患者茶碱血药浓度偏高；嗜烟患者茶碱血药浓度偏低。结论：茶碱血药浓度个体差异大，药物因素。疾病因素，嗜好等影响茶碱血药浓度，茶碱血药浓度监测对提高其使用的安全性和有效性具有重要的意义。     

北沙参多糖的免疫抑制活性

北沙参为伞形科珊瑚属植物珊瑚菜(Glehnia littoralis F.Schmidt ex Mig.)的根,是一种常用中药,具有养阴清肺功能。据报道北沙参可延长家兔抗甲胎球蛋白抗体的存在时间。不少植物多糖,如人参、黄芪、刺五加和当归等的多糖成分,对机体的免疫功能有促进作用。为此我们观察了北沙参的多糖成分对机体免疫功能的影响。     

血清肿瘤坏死因子-α检测对结核性和癌性胸腔积液鉴别诊断价值的研究

目的　评价肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF -α)对结核性胸腔积液 (以下简称结核组 )及非小细胞肺癌引起的癌性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的价值。方法　采用双抗体夹心免疫酶标法 (ELISA)检测 2 5例结核性胸腔积液、4 7例癌性胸腔积液 (其中肺腺癌 2 6例、肺鳞癌 2 1例 )患者血清及 2 0例正常人血清中TNF -α水平。结果　肺腺癌组(12 1 75± 6 0 82 )和肺鳞癌组 (16 7 5 4± 6 9 76 )患者血清TNF -α水平 (6 2 6 4± 18 0 0 )明显高于结核组 (P <0 0 1) ,三组均高于正常对照组 (43 79± 2 3 82 ) ;选择结核组血清TNF -α水平的P75数值作为判断界限 ,血清TNF -α水平作为鉴别这两种不同性质胸腔积液的灵敏度、特异性、准确度分别为 77 70 %、72 0 0 %、90 19%。结论　血清TNF -α检测对鉴别结核性及非小细胞肺癌引起的癌性胸腔积液有较高的参考价值 ,可作为辅助诊断指标     

Safety assessment of a novel ingredient for removable chewing gum

Rev7™ is an indigestible gum polymer used for the manufacturing of chewing gum. It allows for the formulation of chewing gum with low adhesion; thus can be readily removed from surfaces such as sidewalks, clothing, carpets and furniture. In a toxicological safety assessment, Rev7™ was found to be non-mutagenic in the AMES assay. The highest concentration tested in a mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase locus gene mutation assay induced a slight but biologically relevant increase in mutations under non-metabolic activation conditions after 24 h. Because of this finding, a mouse micronucleus assay was performed, and the test article was found to be negative for inducing chromosomal damage. A 28-day repeated oral toxicity study resulted in a NOAEL of 80,000 ppm; the highest concentration tested. Rev7™ was found to be free from contaminants such as heavy metals, monomers, and solvents. Lastly, Rev7™ did not demonstrate skin-sensitizing properties in the murine local lymph node assay.     

北京地区出租车司机血清生化指标调查

目的 探讨出租车司机与普通人群血清生化指标差异.方法 用全自动生化分析仪分别对出租车司机与普通人群的血清生化指标进行分析,比较其差异性.结果 除20～29岁年龄段血肌酐检测结果正常外,男性出租车司机各生化指标异常率明显高于普通体检人群(P＜0.05).女性出租车司机各生化指标检测也得到了相似结果.结论 出租车司机由于职业原因身体健康状况较差,需引起更广泛的关注.     

中西医结合治疗对葡萄膜炎患者血清IgG、IgA、IgE及C3的影响

目的探讨中西医结合治疗方案对葡萄膜炎患者血清IgG、IgA、IgE及C3的影响,以为其治疗提供依据。方法选取2008年12月至2009年12月于我院进行治疗的56例葡萄膜炎患者为研究对象,将其随机分为A组（中西医结合组）28例和B组（西医组）28例,于治疗前后将2组人员的血清IgG、IgA、IgE及C3水平进行统计,同时选取28名健康人为C组（对照组）,检测其血清IgG、IgA、IgE及C3水平,将3组人员的检测结果进行统计及比较。结果经比较发现,治疗前A组与B组的血清IgG、IgE水平均高于C组,血清IgA、C3低于C组,治疗后B组明显高于A组,P均〈0.05,均有显著性差异。结论中西医结合治疗方案对葡萄膜炎患者血清IgG、IgA、IgE及C3的影响较大,说明了其在葡萄膜炎治疗中的效果较好,值得进一步研究探讨。     

Identification of a Teratogenic Drug-Protein Complex in Sera of Phenytoin-Treated Monkeys

Whole rat embryos were cultured for 48 h on sera drawn from monkeys before and 10 h after phenytoin gavage (275 mg/kg body weight). Sera from treated monkeys caused exencephaly, anophthalmia, microcephaly, and incomplete ventral curvature when used as culture media, whereas sera drawn from the same monkeys before treatment supported normal embryonic development. To identify the cause of serum teratogenicity, isolated constituents of teratogenic sera were added to nonteratogenic sera for testing by embryo culture. Serum extracts containing free phenytoin and its free metabolites were not teratogenic. Teratogenicity was found associated with serum proteins. Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and an antibody that recognized phenytoin and its metabolites, we were able to demonstrate that phenytoin was bound to a protein of 80,000 daltons. Addition of this same antibody to teratogenic sera from dosed monkeys improved the development of cultured embryos and provided additional support for this complex as the proximal teratogen. Use of the antibody to follow the uptake and distribution of phenytoin in cultured embryos suggested that only the phenytoin-protein complex (and not phenytoin itself) was able to pass through the yolk sac and reach the tissues of the embryo proper. These results suggested that a drug-protein complex may serve to transport drugs from their site of activation in the maternal liver to the developing embryo.     

肝硬化超声与血清层粘蛋白同步测定呼应关系研究

目的探讨肝硬化超声与血清粘蛋白的同步测定的呼应关系。方法选择肝硬化患者20例,同步进行血清层粘蛋白检测及超声图像检测。另外选择20例肝病患者及10例正常人作为对照。结果肝硬化和肝脏包膜不光整,边缘角锐或钝,光点粗分布。结论血清层粘蛋白是维持基膜网状结构不可缺少成份,正常含量少,当肝脏发生纤维化时含量明显增高。