余甘子对胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌PKB表达和GLUT4 mRNA表达的影响

目的：观察余甘子提取物对胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌PKB表达和GLUT4 mRNA表达的影响.方法：SD大鼠30只,随机分为正常对照组10只,给予基础饲料;模型组20只,给予高脂饲料.模型组大鼠给予高脂喂养6wk后,随机分为2亚组：胰岛抵抗组,继续高脂饮食;余甘子组：给予高脂饲料同时进行2mL剂量3.5g/kg余甘子提取物灌胃.干预6wk后,分别检测3组大鼠骨骼肌PKB表达和GLUT4 mRNA表达的差异.结果：高脂饮食成功诱导了胰岛素抵抗,余甘子提取物显著改善了胰岛素抵抗,胰岛素抵抗组大鼠骨骼肌PKB表达和GLUT4 mRNA表达显著低于安静对照组和余甘子组,余甘子组与安静对照组相比无显著差异.结论：余甘子提取物明显改善胰岛素抵抗,可能与其提高大鼠骨骼肌PKB表达和GLUT4 mRNA表达有关.     

离子对色谱法同时测定吴茱萸中的辛弗林、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的含量

目的建立一种能同时溺4定吴茱萸中辛弗林、吴莱萸碱和吴秉萸次碱含量的离子对色谱方法。方法采用甲醇超声提取方法制备样品。以乙腈一含O．03％十二烷基磺酸钠（SDS）的2％醋酸为流动相,检测波长为260nm。结果辛弗林、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱都获得了良好的分离效果,其平均回收率分别为101．4％、97．6％和98．5％。RSD分别为3．1％、1．6％和1．3％（n=6）。结论本法适用于吴茱萸药材中辛弗林、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱的同时分析,为吴茱萸药材的质量评价提供了更好的技术手段。     

HPLC法测定余甘子喉片中没食子酸的含量

目的：建立测定余甘子喉片中没食子酸含量的HPLC方法。方法：色谱柱：Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse XDB—C18（150mm×4．6mm,5μm）柱;流动相：甲醇-水-磷酸（5：95：0．05）;流速：1．0ml·min^-1;检测波长：280nm;柱温：30℃,外标定量法。结果：没食子酸在0．09～0．56mg·ml^-1呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999）,平均回收率为99．8％（n=6）,RSD=0．27％。结论：本法操作简单,灵敏,准确,可以用于余甘子喉片的质量控制。     

薄层色谱法鉴别银菊口服液中药材研究

目的：建立银菊口服液的薄层鉴别方法。方法：采用薄层色谱法对银菊口服液中的山茱萸、决明子、银杏叶进行定性鉴别。结果：薄层色谱中能明显检出山茱萸、决明子和银杏叶。结论：所建鉴别方法准确、可靠,可用于银菊口服液的质量控制。     

Novel action of 7‐O‐galloyl‐d‐sedoheptulose isolated from Corni Fructus as a hypertriglyceridaemic agent

Objectives We investigated the lipid‐lowering activity of 7‐O‐galloyl‐d ‐sedoheptulose, an active component of Corni Fructus, and related mechanisms. Methods Rats were fed a high‐fructose diet for 6 days, followed by treatment with 7‐O‐galloyl‐d ‐sedoheptulose, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg per day, or fenofibrate (positive control). Key findings The high‐fructose diet induced an increase in body weight, hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperglycaemia and hypertension. Administration of 7‐O‐galloyl‐d ‐sedoheptulose significantly reduced the levels of triglyceride in the serum and liver (being more effective than fenofibrate) but did not lead to changes in liver weight or hepatic function, whereas fenofibrate increased the liver weight markedly. The preventive effect of 7‐O‐galloyl‐d ‐sedoheptulose against the accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol was related to the up‐regulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α expression. Conclusions The present study supports the role of 7‐O‐galloyl‐d ‐sedoheptulose as a promising agent against hypertriglyceridaemia without hepatic side‐effects.     

酸橙和甜橙2种枳实药材HPLC指纹图谱研究及其柚皮苷和辛弗林含量分析

目的:研究酸橙和甜橙2种枳实药材的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱并测定药材中柚皮苷和辛弗林的含量,以建立枳实药材有效的质量评价方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立指纹图谱和测定有效成分含量,对来自20个产地的2个种的枳实药材进行分析。色谱柱为AlltimaC18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(含0.1%磷酸或加上0.1%十二烷基硫酸钠),流速为1.0mL·min-1,指纹图谱检测波长为224nm,柚皮苷和辛弗林含量测定的检测波长分别为283、224nm。结果:得到分离度、重复性均较好的枳实药材HPLC指纹图谱。对20批不同产地枳实药材(包含2个种)HPLC指纹图谱的相似度评价结果显示,酸橙和甜橙2种枳实的指纹图谱差异显著,但同种枳实中不同产地的差异不大;含量测定结果显示,不同产地和不同种枳实药材中柚皮苷和辛弗林含量差异较大。结论:该方法简便、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好,可作为枳实药材的质量控制方法,此方法已被《香港中药材标准》采用。不同种和产地的枳实药材有效成分(柚皮苷和辛弗林)的含量具有明显差异,临床处方应当区别应用。     

4种方案治疗白癜风的成本-效果分析

目的:探讨不同药物治疗方案对同一疾病所产生的经济效果。方法:将160例白癜风患者随机分为4组,分别给予补骨脂酊+刺蒺藜(A组)、复方卡力孜然酊+刺蒺藜(B组)、复方卡力孜然酊+刺蒺藜+转移因子胶囊(C组)、补骨脂酊+刺蒺藜+转移因子胶囊(D组)治疗,运用药物经济学的成本-效果方法进行评价。结果:A、B、C、D组有效率分别为85.0%、87.5%、92.5%、92.5%(P>0.05),成本-效果比依次为54.94、392.57、618.05、297.19,各组不良反应较少,均是轻微的皮肤刺激反应,勿需治疗。结论:D组方案较佳。     

小儿喘咳液合苍耳子散对哮喘大鼠血清IFN-γ、IL-4、ECP表达影响的研究

目的：研究小儿喘咳液合苍耳子散对哮喘的疗效及作用的机制。方法：将90只大鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、西药组、喘咳液大、中、小剂量组与合方大、中、小剂量组9个组,每组10只,进行哮喘气道重塑模型制备,分别用采用不同的干预方案,观察各组大鼠症状及血清干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素4（IL-4）、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）的变化。结果：与空白组比较,模型组大鼠血清IFN-γ水平明显下降,IL-4、ECP水平明显上升,IFN-γ／IL-4比值明显下降,差异均有非常显著性意义（P〈0．01）;与模型组比较,西药组、喘咳液各剂量组及合方各剂量组IFN-γ水平明显上升,IL-4、部分组别ECP水平下降,IFN-γ／IL-4比值明显上升,差异有显著性或非常显著性意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。结论：小儿喘咳液合苍耳子散抑制气道炎症的直接作用机制为调整失衡Th1／Th2类细胞因子的比值,降低血清ECP水平。     

Influences of Fructus evodiae pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics of Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Rhizoma coptidis is a traditional Chinese medicine with pharmacological properties. It is usually prescribed with Fructus evodiae as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas. Here we report the influences of Fructus evodiae on the pharmacokinetics of the Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids and propose possible mechanisms.

Materials and methods

Pharmacokinetic experiments were performed in rats. In vitro absorption experiments were performed in everted rat gut sacs, while in vitro metabolism experiments and determination of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 mRNA expression were performed in rat liver microsomes.

Results

Pretreatment with Fructus evodiae extract for two weeks decreased the systemic exposure of the Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids. This effect was not due to inhibition of absorption or enhanced hepatic phase I metabolism of the Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids. However, Fructus evodiae pretreatment enhanced both the activity and expression of hepatic UGT1A1.

Conclusions

The results showed that Fructus evodiae pretreatment decreased the systemic exposure of the Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids by inducing hepatic UGT1A1.     

Seven quassinoids from Fructus Bruceae with cytotoxic effects on pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines

Our previous studies showed that the alcohol extract of the fruit of Brucea javanica (Fructus Bruceae) possessed significant cytotoxicity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines. A bioassay‐guided fractionation and purification resulted in the isolation and characterization of seven quassinoids including brusatol, bruceine D, bruceine H, yadanzioside A, yadanzioside G, javanicoside C and bruceantinoside A. Among them, brusatol exhibited the most potent in vitro antipancreatic cancer action, with IC₅₀ values of 0.36 µm and 0.10 µm on PANC‐1 and SW1990 cell lines, respectively. This is the first report on the antipancreatic adenocarcinoma activity of brusatol. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.