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991.
The pupil response to speech masked by interfering speech was assessed across an intelligibility range from 0% to 99% correct. In total, 37 participants aged between 18 and 36 years and with normal hearing were included. Pupil dilation was largest at intermediate intelligibility levels, smaller at high intelligibility, and slightly smaller at very difficult levels. Participants who reported that they often gave up listening at low intelligibility levels had smaller pupil dilations in these conditions. Participants who were good at reading masked text had relatively large pupil dilation when intelligibility was low. We conclude that the pupil response is sensitive to processing load, and possibly reflects cognitive overload in difficult conditions. It seems affected by methodological aspects and individual abilities, but does not reflect subjective ratings. 相似文献
992.
Sensation seeking is defined by a strong need for varied, novel, complex, and intense stimulation, and a willingness to take risks for such experience. Several theories propose that the insensitivity to negative consequences incurred by risks is one of the hallmarks of sensation‐seeking behaviors. In this study, we investigated the time course of error processing in sensation seeking by recording event‐related potentials (ERPs) while high and low sensation seekers performed an Eriksen flanker task. Whereas there were no group differences in ERPs to correct trials, sensation seeking was associated with a blunted error‐related negativity (ERN), which was female‐specific. Further, different subdimensions of sensation seeking were related to ERN amplitude differently. These findings indicate that the relationship between sensation seeking and error processing is sex‐specific. 相似文献
993.
Sun-Seog Kweon Young-Hoon Lee Seul-Ki Jeong Hae-Sung Nam Kyeong-Soo Park Seong-Woo Choi Bok-Hee Kim Hee Nam Kim Jin-Su Choi Min-Ho Shin 《Journal of Korean medical science》2014,29(5):743-747
The reference interval for plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and serum folate concentrations were estimated. Total of 3,154 reference individuals (1,029 men and 2,125 women) were selected based on stringent exclusion criteria. For plasma tHcy concentration (µM/L), reference values (median [5-95 percentile]) were 7.72 (5.03 to 13.80) and 6.09 (3.95-10.19) in men and women, respectively. For serum folate concentration (nM/L), reference values were 23.71 (11.73-38.44) and 28.95 (15.23-40.44) in men and women, respectively. The tHcy levels of both genders in the present study were lower than those in previous reports from other countries and Korea.
Graphical Abstract
相似文献994.
995.
目的 探讨牙线牵引辅助内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)治疗胃角黏膜病变的疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2018年12月厦门大学附属第一医院内镜中心收治的127例胃角黏膜病变患者病例资料。根据术中手术方法,将患者分为牙线牵引辅助ESD组(牵引组,n=51)和传统ESD组(传统组,n=76),同时把41例胃角纤维化病例也分为牵引组(n=23)和传统组(n=18)。对比分析手术时间、整块切除率、治愈性切除率及出血、肌层损伤、穿孔等不良事件发生率等指标。结果 牵引组与传统组病例年龄、性别、病变大小及病变形态差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。牵引组手术时间较传统组明显缩短[(65.4±36.5) min比(103.5±43.2) min,P=0.012],病变整块切除率[100.00%(51/51)比90.79%(69/76),P=0.026]及治愈性切除率均更高[94.12%(48/51)比81.58%(62/76),P=0.042],且剥离过程中肌层损伤[5.88%(3/51)比25.00%(19/76),P=0.010]及术中出血更少[47.06%(24/51)比82.89%(63/76),P=0.010]。传统组2例(2.63%)纤维化病例穿孔,牵引组无穿孔病例,穿孔发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.243)。在胃角纤维化病例中,牵引组手术时间较传统组明显缩短[(81.4±29.3) min比(119.3±37.6) min,P=0.010],病变整块切除率[100.00%(23/23)比72.22%(13/18),P=0.007]及治愈性切除率均更高[95.65%(22/23)比72.22%(13/18),P=0.035],且剥离过程中肌层损伤[8.70%(2/23)比72.22%(13/18),P=0.001]及术中出血更少[78.26%(18/23)比100.00%(18/18),P=0.035]。结论 牙线牵引辅助ESD治疗胃角黏膜病变及有纤维化的胃角病变安全有效,与传统ESD相比,手术时间更短,治愈率更高,不良事件发生率更低。 相似文献
996.
目的 观察口服叶酸对冠心病患者的作用。方法 选择冠心病患者60例,检测血清叶酸、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、丙二醛(MDA)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)水平及血流介导的内皮舒张功能(FMD);随机分为安慰剂组和叶酸口服组,每组30例,所有患者在冠心病二级预防基础上分别再予5 mg/d叶酸或安慰剂口服,治疗4 周、8周后复查前述指标,比较各组治疗前后及两组之间相关指标的差别。结果 叶酸口服组与安慰剂组基础年龄、性别、高血压比例、糖尿病比例、血清叶酸、Hcy和LDLC水平、FMD无明显差别;规范的冠心病二级预防能在4周时显著降低患者血清LDLC水平,持续至8周后能显著降低血清MDA水平并显著提高FMD,但对血清叶酸和Hcy水平无明显影响;而在此基础上加用叶酸口服4周,在轻度降低血清Hcy水平、提高血清叶酸水平的同时已显著降低血清MDA水平并显著提高FMD,持续至8周时这一益处进一步显现;叶酸口服组治疗8周后血清叶酸水平与Hcy水平无相关性,与FMD呈正相关,与MDA水平呈负相关, Hcy水平与其他指标之间无明显相关。结论 在规范冠心病二级预防基础上加用叶酸口服可进一步降低氧化应激水平并改善内皮功能;叶酸可能通过降低氧化应激改善冠心病患者内皮功能;这种作用与可能其降低Hcy无关。 相似文献
997.
Edoardo Troncone Alessandro Fugazza Annalisa Cappello Giovanna Del Vecchio Blanco Giovanni Monteleone Alessandro Repici Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh rea Anderloni 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2020,26(16):1847-1860
Malignant gastric outlet obstruction(MGOO) is a clinical condition characterized by the mechanical obstruction of the pylorus or the duodenum due to tumor compression/infiltration, with consequent reduction or impossibility of an adequate oral intake. MGOO is mainly secondary to advanced pancreatic or gastric cancers, and significantly impacts on patients' survival and quality of life.Patients suffering from this condition often present with intractable vomiting and severe malnutrition, which further compromise therapeutic chances. Currently,palliative strategies are based primarily on surgical gastrojejunostomy and endoscopic enteral stenting with self-expanding metal stents. Several studies have shown that surgical approach has the advantage of a more durable relief of symptoms and the need of fewer re-interventions, at the cost of higher procedure-related risks and longer hospital stay. On the other hand, enteral stenting provides rapid clinical improvement, but have the limit of higher stent dysfunction rate due to tumor ingrowth and a subsequent need of frequent reinterventions. Recently, a third way has come from interventional endoscopic ultrasound, through the development of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy technique with lumen-apposing metal stent. This new technique may ideally encompass the minimal invasiveness of an endoscopic procedure and the long-lasting effect of the surgical gastrojejunostomy, and brought encouraging results so far, even if prospective comparative trial are still lacking. In this Review, we described technical aspects and clinical outcomes of the above-cited therapeutic approaches, and discussed the open questions about the current management of MGOO. 相似文献
998.
999.
Shunji Fujimori 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2020,26(43):6706-6709
Proton pump inhibitors strongly inhibit gastric acid production, but digestion problems do not generally arise. We can intake almost ordinary food even after total gastrectomy. Small intestine itself can digest and absorb food using various digestive enzymes without digestion in the stomach. The pH level of gastric acid in humans is much lower than that of most animals, and very close to that of carrion-eating animals called scavengers. It is assumed that ancient humans became bipedal approximately 4 million years ago. It was difficult for humans, who just started unstable bipedal locomotion, to catch quadrupedal-walking animals that can move faster, without special hunting tools. They may have eaten remaining carcasses, which is mainly the leftovers of carnivora species, as animal-derived food. The benefit to produce a volume of gastric acid for humans is carrion eating, in which disinfection by gastric acid is important. Humans produce a high concentration of gastric acid to enable consumption of a diet containing some bacteria and support this lifestyle by consuming significant energy to protect themselves from gastric acid. Now, the opportunity for strong deleterious bacteria to enter the gastrointestinal tract has decreased because of the organized clean environment. If this hygienic environment is maintained for a long time, our gastric acid level must be decreased gradually. 相似文献
1000.