肝硬化门脉高压性胃粘膜损害52例临床分析

本文对５２例肝硬化门脉高压性胃粘膜损害患者临床分析表明，肝功能损害与胃粘膜病变有显著相关性，而与胃底食道静脉曲张没有显著相关性。同一组病人中ＰＨＧ与ＧＥＶ的发生率虽有差异，但认为这种差异的临床意义不大。结合文献对ＰＨＧ的发生机理和诊断治疗进行了讨论     

Le traitement du signal en électromyographie: mise au point

Automatic analysis of electromyography (EMG) signals, first operated in 1950 with analogic machines, steeply expanded from 1980 when fast computers and worthwhile programs became available. On-line measurement of response area and latency, averaging of low amplitude waves, fast sorting of motor unit potential shape parameters, computation of the “jitter” between two muscle fibers, turns/amplitude and spectral analysis of interferential pattern records, are some examples of programs currently offered in modern EMG machines. Other techniques are still reserved for research purposes: scanning EMG, decomposition of nerve and muscle compound potentials, measurement of the threshold and firing rate of motor units, trace analysis using tracking models. Finally, the credit for artificial intelligence systems (knowledge based systems, fuzzy logic, neuronal networks) is still not clearly stated.     

The Influence of a New Timing Strategy of Band Adjustment on the Vomiting Frequency and the Food Consumption of Obese Women Operated with Laparoscopic Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding (LAP-BAND)

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a new timing strategy of band adjustment on the short-term outcome of obese women operated with adjustable silicone gastric banding. Subjects: The outcome of 30 women without binge-eating disorder operated with laparoscopic adjustable silicone gastric banding with a wider intraoperatory band calibration (LAP-BAND) was compared to that of 30 body mass index-matched women without binge-eating disorder previously operated with adjustable silicone gastric banding (ASGB) applied by laparotomy with the usual intraoperatory band calibration. The patients were evaluated 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Measurements: (1) weight loss; (2) total daily energy intake; (3) percent as liquid, soft or solid food; (4) vomiting frequency; (5) rate of postoperative percutaneous band adjustments; (6) rate of band-related complications. Results: Both the weight loss and the daily energy intake did not differ between patients with LAP-BAND and patients with ASGB. After surgery, the patients with LAP-BAND ate more solid food and less liquid food than the patients with ASGB. Vomiting frequency was higher in patients with ASGB than in patients with LAP-BAND. The total number of percutaneous band adjustments was higher in women with LAP-BAND than in women with ASGB. Band inflation because of weight stabilization was performed in six (20.0%) women with ASGB and in 19 (63.3%) women with LAP-BAND. Neostoma stenosis occurred in one women with ASGB, but in none of the women with LAP-BAND. One patient with LAP-BAND presented band slippage. Conclusions: The wider intraoperatory band calibration performed in patients with LAP-BAND did not reduce the short-term efficacy of adjustable silicone gastric banding. This new timing strategy of band adjustment required more postoperative percutaneous band inflations, but it improved the eating pattern of the patients (low vomiting frequency and high intake of solid food).     

Digital movement analysis,a new objective method of measuring tardive dyskinesia and drug-induced parkinsonian tremor: acceptability,reliability and validity

Digital movment analysis (DMA) is a new instrumental approach to assessing oral tardive dyskinesia (TD) by means of digital image processing of a video signal, tracking five paper dots placed around the patient's mouth. A total of 40 schizophrenic patients, 30 with and 10 without TD, were examined twice (with a 3-month interval) with this new device. The patients were further examined with two TD rating scales: the St. Hans Rating Scale for extrapyramidal syndromes (SHRS) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS).The schizophrenic patients accepted the instrumental assessment without any anxiety or resistance. The internal relibility of the apparatus was high, with correlation coefficients of 0.80–0.99. The DMA TD values correlated with the SHRS and AIMS scores with correlation coefficients of 0.48–0.73 indicating an acceptable, although not strong, concurrent validity. Fluctuations occurred from the first to the second examination independent of medication. For these fluctuations no correlation was found between DMA values and rating scores. Finally, the DMA device was able to detect perioral tremor as a sign of parkinsonism.It has been concluded that DMA is a useful supplement to classical TD rating, although further validity evaluation is warranted.     

乙酰胆硷和电刺激迷走神经对HC1引起的大鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护作用

本工作观察了乙酰胆硷(Ach)和电刺激迷走神经对0.6N HCl引起的胃粘膜出血性损伤的保护作用,发现皮下注射50μg/kg的氯化Ach和电刺激膈下迷走神经5min,可明显降低HCl引起的胃粘膜出血量,这一作用可被消炎痛及阿托品所阻断。提示这种保护作用是通过依赖于M-受体的内源性前列腺素。     

发音状态下口周软组织移动量的测量

目的引入动态的图象测里概念，进行口周软组织移动量的测量。方洁利用已开发的计算机图象处理系统．对三种测定条件下口腔周围软组织的移动量进行测量研究。结果（1）发／mo／时，口唇突出，上唇的测定点向上内前方．下唇的测定点向下内前方动作，因此．唇上三角形面积变化的大小依次为M3相似文献   

家禽加工流水线作业工人颈肩腕疾患的调查

对１４９名家禽加工厂作业女工的颈肩腕疾患进行了调查。结果表明：观察组职业性颈肩腕疾患ＯＣＤ，（肩周炎、尺管综合征、腕管综合征、腱鞘炎、肱骨内外髁炎）的总发生率为３９．６０％，与对照组相比差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），其发生率与工龄、年龄及工种别有关。我们认为ＯＣＤ发生的职业危险因素主要是上肢反复用力活动、静力作业、不合理的操作姿势，而且低温、高温的作业环境对ＯＣＤ的发生也起到一定的促进作用。     

门脉高压性胃病患者的胃壁血气变化

作者观测了４３例门脉高压症患者股动脉血ＰＯ２、胃网膜有动静脉胃壁支血ＰＯ２、胃壁支静脉及肘静脉血ｐＨ、ＨＣＯ３－和胃网膜右静脉压力，其中２３例并有非出血期门脉高压性胃病。结果表明：①门脉高压症患者的股动脉血ＰＯ２低于对照组；②门脉高压症患者胃网膜右动静脉胃壁支血氧分压差低于对照组，胃网膜右静脉压力高于对照组，胃壁支静脉血ｐＨ和ＨＣＯ３－低于对照组和同组肘静脉血。并有门脉高压性胃病者这些变化更为显著。提示门脉高压性胃病的发病机制在于门脉系压力增高、胃粘膜下动静脉短路开放、胃粘膜缺血缺氧和胃壁局部酸中毒。     

Reduced Expression of nm23 Is Associated with Metastasis of Human Gastric Carcinomas

Reduced expression of nm23 gene is implicated in high metastatic potential In a variety of malignancies. To elucidate the role of nm23 in human gastric carcinomas, we examined loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of nm23 gene by Southern blotting, nm23 mRNA expression by Northern blotting and nm23 protein expression by Western blotting as well as immunohistochemistry in both primary and metastatic tumors. LOH of nm23 gene was found in 2 (8%) out of the 23 informative gastric carcinomas. Twenty-two (84%) out of the 26 cases expressed nm23 mRNA at higher levels in primary tumor tissue than in corresponding non-neoplastic mucosa. No obvious correlation was observed between clinico-pathological features and LOH of nm23 gene or nm23 mRNA expression. On the other hand, 52% of the gastric carcinomas showed reduction of nm23 immunoreactivity in the metastatic tumor of regional lymph nodes, as compared to the primary tumor. Interestingly, 71% of the gastric carcinomas showed weaker nm23 immunoreactivity in the liver metastasis than in the primary tumor. These results suggest that nm23 overexpression is linked with development of gastric carcinomas and the decrease in expression of nm23 participates in metastasis.     

Admission rates for peptic ulcer in the Trent Region, UK, 1972–2000: Changing pattern, a changing disease?

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Peptic ulcer disease is believed to be less common and less severe as a result of modern medical treatment. We therefore examined changes in the admission rates for patients with duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer, both emergency (for haemorrhage, perforation or severe pain) and for elective surgery, before and since the introduction of the new advances in therapy. These admission indices reflect disease prevalence and severity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We identified admission rates during 1972--2000 within the Trent Regional Health Authority, UK (population 4.7 million), from computerised patient information using diagnostic search codes ICD8-10 and expressed as rates per million resident population. Drug expenditure details were obtained from the Department of Health. RESULTS: Emergency admission rates as a whole changed little, a decline in the young being offset by an increase in the elderly. Haemorrhage was the most common reason (approximately 115 per million for duodenal ulcer and 87 for gastric ulcer) throughout [compared with perforation (80 and 21) and pain (90 and 68)]. In contrast, elective surgery has almost disappeared; this reduction began before the introduction of modern treatment. CONCLUSION: Emergency admission rates for duodenal and gastric ulcer for complications or severe pain have fluctuated over the last three decades but with little overall change. In contrast, elective surgery has declined dramatically, as a result of advances in treatment but also from changes in the natural history.