早期空肠内营养治疗SAP的疗效观察

目的探讨早期空肠内营养治疗急性重症胰腺炎(SAP)的临床价值。方法将SAP患者36例分为治疗组20例和对照组16例,两组均按常规标准治疗。治疗组在此基础上入院24小时内安置空肠营养管并行早期空肠内营养治疗,并对两组入院时与治疗2周后的营养指标(体重指数、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白)和临床效果(肠道恢复时间、血淀粉酶和尿淀粉酶恢复时间、住院天数)进行对比统计分析。结果 2周后治疗组在营养指标和临床效果方面明显高于对照组,统计分析显示差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期空肠内营养对SAP治疗具有特别重要的临床意义,疗效明显优于空肠外营养,值得临床推广应用。     

重症急性胰腺炎并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床研究

目的 探讨重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)并发急性肾功能衰竭(acute renal failure,ARF)的诱发因素和防治方法。方法根据Ranson系列预后判断标准和APACHEⅡ评分,结合影像学和病理学检查(手术病例),将我院274例急性胰腺炎患者分为:轻型AP组(A组)(182例),SAP非手术治疗组(B组)(54例)和手术治疗组(C组)(38例),取同期不伴急性炎症的胆囊结石患者80冽为对照组。研究各组血清生化检验结果和治疗、预后:结果B组和C组平均血钾、血尿素氮和肌酐高于对照组和A组(P<0.01),A组患者的各项指标高于对照组(P<0.05),SAP患者腹腔内渗液量与ARF严重程度呈正相关关系(r=0.33.p<0.05)。结论ARF是SAP致命性的严重并发症,尽早明确SAP诊断、及时手术治疗、切实可靠的引流,是防治SAP并发ARF,改善预后的重要手段。     

NMDA receptor/amyloid precursor protein interactions: a comparison between wild-type and amyloid precursor protein mutations associated with familial Alzheimer's disease

Two recent reports showed that amyloid precursor protein (APP) may contribute to postsynaptic mechanisms via the regulation of the surface trafficking of excitatory N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Here we have investigated the interactions and surface trafficking of NR1-1a/NR2A and NR1-1a/NR2B NMDA receptor subtypes with three APP mutations linked to familial Alzheimer's disease, APP695(Indiana), APP695(London) and APP695(Swedish). Flag-tagged mutated APP695s were generated and shown to be expressed at equivalent levels to wild-type APP695 in mammalian cells. Each APP mutant co-precipitated with NR1-1a/NR2A and NR1-1a/NR2B receptors following co-expression in mammalian cells. Further, as found for wild-type APP695, each enhanced NMDA receptor surface expression with no concomitant increase in total NR1-1a, NR2A or NR2B subunit expression. Thus these three familial APP mutations behave as wild-type APP695 with respect to their association with assembled NMDA receptors and their APP695-enhanced receptor cell surface trafficking.     

重症急性胰腺炎手术与非手术治疗的效果观察

目的 观察重症急性胰腺炎手术与非手术治疗的临床效果,探讨其最佳治疗方案.方法 对我院2005年1月-2011年1月收治的135例SAP患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察手术与非手术治疗的临床效果,并进行总结、分析.结果 早期手术组死亡率为47.22%;中转手术组死亡率为35.48%;非手术治疗组死亡率为32.35%.早期手术组死亡率明显高于非手术组死亡率,组间比较有显著差异(P＜0.05);中转手术组死亡率虽高于非手术组,但组间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).早期手术组并发症发生率明显高于非手术组,组间比较有显著差异(P＜0.05);中转手术组与非手术组并发症的发生率相当,组间比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 对于SAP应综合患者情况,密切观察患者体征,把个体化治疗方案与非手术和手术治疗的优点相结合,对感染较轻,无手术指征患者采取积极的非手术治疗,对有手术指征患者要把握好手术时机,及时采取手术.     

Effects of sildenafil on inflammatory injury of the lung in sodium taurocholate-induced severe acute pancreatitis rats

BackgroundInflammatory response and acute lung injury (ALI) occur in sodium taurocholate-induced severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Because sildenafil has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immune-modulating effects, we investigated its effect on inflammatory and lung injury in sodium taurocholate-induced SAP-associated ALI rat lung.MethodsSodium taurocholate-induced SAP rats received sildenafil (100 mg/kg) or not and were compared to age-matched normal control animals. We evaluated inflammatory response by detecting the expression of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and detected the level of lung injury through histopathological evaluation. Moreover, we also tested the protein expression of PCNA, P21, Bcl-2 and Bax in the lung.ResultsSildenafil administration rats had a low level of lung injury and inflammation. In addition, sildenafil significantly increased the expression of proliferation-related markers and decreased the expression of apoptosis-related markers in lung tissue.ConclusionsSildenafil administration may attenuate inflammation and lung injury by promoting proliferation and suppressing apoptosis in SAP rats.     

重症急性胰腺炎合并组织坏死感染患者行经皮穿刺置管引流术的临床价值及预后分析

目的 探讨经皮穿刺置管引流治疗重症急性胰腺炎合并胰腺周围组织坏死感染患者的临床效果及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2012年3月至2017年5月共56例广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院普外科收治的重症急性胰腺炎合并胰腺周围组织坏死感染的患者,根据治疗方式分为引流组与开腹组,比较2组患者入院时的急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ、CT扫描判断下的严重程度指数、入院时器官衰竭比例、治疗前、治疗7 d后的外周血白细胞、血淀粉酶、尿淀粉酶、血糖、血钙、胰瘘率、肠瘘率、腹腔出血率、术后残余脓肿率与治愈率。分析造成患者死亡的影响因素。结果 治疗前后2组患者白细胞、血淀粉酶、血钙、血糖、尿淀粉酶值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。治疗7 d后2组患者的白细胞、血淀粉酶、血糖、尿淀粉酶较本组治疗前显著降低(P＜0.05),但2组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。引流组的治愈率与开腹组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但术后引流组患者腹腔出血率显著低于开腹组患者（P<0.05）。多因素分析显示器官衰竭、胰瘘、腹腔出血、血钙水平为造成患者死亡的独立危险因素。结论 经皮穿刺置管引流与开腹手术效果相同,且更不易造成并发症,患者器官衰竭、胰瘘、腹腔出血、血钙水平低于1.5 mmol/L是患者死亡的高危因素。     

Aberrant signaling in the TNFalpha/TNF receptor 1 pathway of the NZM2410 lupus-prone mouse

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability to induce TNFalpha-dependent apoptosis in vivo in predisease lupus-prone NZM2410 and derived B6.NZM congenic mouse strains. An endotoxicosis model that utilizes LPS and d-galactosamine to induce mortality by TNFalpha/TNFR1-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis was used to assess TNFalpha production, apoptotic signaling, and effects on the production of IL-6 and IL-10. NZM2410 was found to be resistant to endotoxicosis and to produce significantly less TNFalpha-induced IL-6 and IL-10. At low doses of LPS, partial resistance was associated with the Tnfa(w) allele. At higher doses of LPS, partial resistance cosegregated with lupus-susceptibility loci and functionally mapped downstream of caspase 3. Additional partial resistance in NZM2410 was also found upstream of FADD. These results demonstrate the existence of multiple defects in the TNFalpha/TNFR1 signaling pathway in the NZM2410 mouse and their relevance to lupus pathogenesis is discussed.