甘草总黄酮微海绵的制备及体外释放度评价

目的:优选甘草总黄酮微海绵的制备工艺并考察其体外释放度。方法:利用类乳剂溶媒扩散法制备甘草总黄酮微海绵,以微海绵得率、包封率及分散系数为指标,通过星点设计-效应面法考察聚乙烯醇用量、药物与乙基纤维素的比例、搅拌速度对甘草总黄酮微海绵制备工艺的影响。利用紫外分光光度法测定甘草总黄酮微海绵的包封率,检测波长335 nm;建立HPLC同时测定甘草总黄酮中甘草苷、异甘草苷、甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查尔酮A和光甘草定的含量,检测波长300 nm,流动相乙腈-甲醇-0.2%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱;利用透析法比较甘草总黄酮及甘草总黄酮微海绵中6个成分的体外释放度。结果:甘草总黄酮微海绵的最佳制备工艺为聚乙烯醇用量2.69%,药物-乙基纤维素(6∶1),搅拌速度1 100 r·min~(-1),搅拌时间4 h。8 h内甘草总黄酮中甘草苷、异甘草苷、甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查尔酮A和光甘草定的累积释放度分别为87.47%,86.83%,76.98%,78.48%,86.58%和56.58%,24 h内甘草总黄酮微海绵中这6个成分的累积释放度分别为91.45%,89.74%,77.57%,82.64%,87.74%和67.74%。结论:利用类乳剂溶媒扩散法制备的甘草总黄酮微海绵粒径大小均匀、工艺稳定且操作简便。甘草总黄酮微海绵具有明显的缓释作用。     

黔曲质量标准

目的:建立黔曲质量标准。方法:用薄层鉴别方法鉴别木香、大黄、枳实,用HPLC测定橙皮苷含量,色谱柱为Dikma Diamonsil C18(4.0 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.02%磷酸水溶液(19∶81),流速1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长283 nm。结果:定性鉴别分离度好、重复性好、专属性强;橙皮苷线性范围为10.568～528.4 mg.L-1(r=0.999 98),平均回收率为100.18%,RSD 2.73%,精密度RSD 0.37%(n=6),重复性RSD 0.88%(n=6)。结论:方法可靠、准确、专属性强,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

大黄清胃冲剂活性成分提取工艺的均匀设计优化选择

目的 探讨大黄清胃冲剂活性成分提取分离的优化工艺条件。方法 以游离蒽醌提取率为定量指标,通过４种生长黄煎煮方法的初步筛选,确定浸渍溶剂、浸渍时间、回流溶剂及回流时间为考察因素,并为Ｕ９（９＾６）均匀表设计试验。结果 大黄提取优化工艺条件为７０％乙醇浸润１４ｈ和回流提取８０ｍｉｎ。结论 工艺条件可以用于大黄清胃冲剂的生产制备。     

骨宝对正常大鼠骨组织形态学影响的定量研究

分别用５、１５ｇ／ｋｇ的骨宝给３月龄ＳＤ大鼠灌胃、每周６次，１８０ｄ。不脱钙骨制片，用图象定量法，测量大鼠胫骨近有小梁。结果：高剂量骨宝组与对照组比较，骨吸收减少３１％，骨面积增中３９％。     

大黄地上部分化学成分与药理作用研究进展

大黄为传统大宗中药材,临床应用广泛,国内外需求量极大,但其传统药用部位为根及根茎,而占大黄总生物资源二分之一以上的地上部分作为非药用部位被丢弃,浪费资源的同时造成一定的环境压力。研究表明,大黄地上部分富含蛋白质、粗纤维、果胶、氨基酸等营养成分,以及蒽醌类、黄酮类、二苯乙烯类等化合物,具有泻下、抗炎、止血、抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂等药理活性。在查阅国内外文献的基础上,本文对大黄地上部分的化学成分和药理作用进行综述,并对其开发前景进行展望,为其深入研究和综合开发利用提供参考。     

Effects of traditional herbal medicine, Hwaotang, on atherosclerosis using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic rabbits and the venous thrombosis rats

Hwaotang (HOT), a traditional Korean medicinal formulation, is a dried decoctum of a mixture of seven herbal medicines, consisting of Angelica gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Ciniamomi Cortex, Cnidii Rhizoma, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos. In the present study, the inhibitory effects and anti thrombic properties of HOT on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions were studied using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic (KHC) rabbits and rats. Changes in blood chemistry, pathology and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were measured in a control and HOT group. In the control group, the area of atheromatous plaques of the aorta progressed between week 12 (36.65%) and week 14 (46.22%). This progression of atherosclerotic lesions did not occur in the HOT-treated group after 12 (24.24%) and 14 (23.34%) weeks. Antioxidative effects on LDL were seen in the HOT in weeks 12 and 14. HOT improved the hypercholesterolemia in the KHC rabbits. On the other hand, HOT and five of the seven herbs, except Cnidii Rhizoma and Carthami Flos, inhibited the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis in high cholesterol diet-treated rats. However, Ciniamomi Cortex showed a very weak inhibitory effect on the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis. The extract also inhibited the endotoxin-induced decrease in blood platelets and fibrinogen, and endotoxin-induced increase in fibrin degradation products (FDP) on disseminated intravascular coagulation in normal rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that HOT has inhibitory effects on the development of atheromatous plaque formation in spontaneous FH rabbits. It is also suggested that the antioxidative effects of HOT on LDL led to the beneficial effects observed in this study. The protection by HOT and its herbs on the artificially induced ischemic infarction might be related to their inhibitory effects on disseminated intravascular coagulation, platelet coagulation and thrombotic action.     

甘草炭炮制工艺及质量标准研究

目的：优选甘草炭的炮制工艺并制定其质量标准。方法：以浸出物和甘草苷、甘草酸含量为评价指标,炒炭温度、炒炭时间、翻动频率为考察因素,采用正交试验设计优选甘草炭炮制方法,对其性状、显微鉴别、薄层色谱、总灰分、浸出物进行测定,采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对甘草炭中的甘草苷、甘草酸进行定量分析。结果：甘草炭的最佳炮制工艺为炒炭温度360℃,炒炭时间6 min,翻动频率20 r·min–1;甘草炭总灰分为5.2%、浸出物为18.5%、甘草苷质量分数为0.066%、甘草酸质量分数为0.24%。结论：建立了甘草炭的炮制工艺及质量标准,可为甘草炭饮片生产及质量控制提供参考。     

Four new diarylheptanoids from Rhizoma Zingiberis

Four new diarylheptanoids, (1S, 3R, 5R, 6R)-1, 5-epoxy-3, 6 dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptane (1), (1R, 3R, 5S)-1, 5-epoxy-3-acetoxy-1-(4, 5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(3, 4- hydroxyphenyl) heptane (2), (3R, 5S, 6R, 7S)-3, 6-epoxy-7-hydroxyl-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane (3), (E)-3-keto-1-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-(4, 5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4- heptene (4), were isolated from Rhizoma Zingiberis, and their structures were determined based on HR-ESI-MS and extensive spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR). Compounds 1–4 exhibited no cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell lines.

     

气滞胃痛颗粒质量标准研究

目的建立气滞胃痛颗粒的质量控制方法。方法采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对气滞胃痛颗粒中的香附、枳壳和甘草进行定性鉴别。采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对气滞胃痛颗粒中的延胡索乙素进行含量测定,色谱柱采用Alltima C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.1%磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调pH至6.0)-乙腈(59∶41)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为280 nm,柱温为30℃。结果枳壳、香附和甘草薄层色谱法鉴别专属性强,延胡索乙素进样量在0.050 1～1.002μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9,n=7),延胡索乙素平均回收率为99.94%,RSD=1.60%(n=6)。结论所用方法可准确地定性、定量,重现性好,可用于控制气滞胃痛颗粒的质量。     

正交试验优化提取黄连中小檗碱型生物碱

目的:研究黄连中小檗碱型生物碱的最佳提取工艺。方法:采用正交试验设计,以小檗碱、巴马汀、黄连碱、表小檗碱和药根碱的总含量为考察指标,考察乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数、乙醇用量4个因素对提取结果的影响。结果:最佳提取工艺为8倍量的50%乙醇,回流提取4次(每次2h)。结论:本工艺重现性好,测定方法可行,为大批量黄连提取生物碱提供了理论依据。