稀土元素及其化合物对机体损害作用的研究进展

稀土元素（ rare earth elements， REEs）由17种化学元素组成，包括从镧（ La）到镥（ Lu）的15种镧系元素以及性质十分相似的钪（ Sc）和钇（ Y）。稀土元素及其化合物具有特殊的理化性质，广泛应用于畜牧业、渔业、工业、医药、环保、电子、新材料制造等多种领域，其应用领域仍在不断扩大，导致直接接触稀土的人群迅速增加，对机体的损害作用也日益显现。稀土对环境、生态和人体健康的影响以及近期和远期损害作用越来越引起人们的关注。本文从人体、组织、细胞、DNA水平对稀土化合物对机体损害作用进行综述，以便对稀土化合物的安全应用提供参考。     

浅议地表过度硬化对人体健康与环境气候的影响及对策

随着经济的高速发展,全球地面被过度硬化,阻碍了地球“呼吸”,导致自然界气候变化和环境改变的同时,对人体造成较严重损害.所以急需改良地表设计方案.     

非小细胞肺癌与稀土元素含量的相关性研究

目的 大量地球物理化学、流行病学调查、营养、生化、临床研究以及动物实验的结果显示和证实稀土元素(rare earth elements,REEs)与肿瘤的发生、发展以及治疗密切相关,随着稀土的开发利用,越来越多的REEs通过不同途径进入人体,REEs对人类健康的影响及毒性作用已成为目前的研究热点.本研究探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织中的REEs含量及分布与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移和临床分期的相关性.方法 选择符合入选条件的2013-04-01-2014-01-31赣州市肿瘤医院14例NSCLC患者,应用电感耦合等离子体串联质谱仪(inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,ICP-MS/MS)测定NSCLC组织的REEs含量,并对REEs的含量及分布进行分析.结果 NSCLC组织中REEs含量平均数的标准差数值最小,REEs的含量是轻稀土含量＞中稀土含量＞重稀土含量;除Y、Gd元素外,La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Dy、Ho和Er等9种REEs含量在T1～T3具有上升趋势,La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Dy和Er等REEs含量T2～T3比在T1～T2上升幅度更大,这9种REEs在T4时含量都陡然下降,且在T3时REEs含量更为分散;La、Nd、Sm、Dy、Er、Tm、Yb和Lu等REEs含量在N0～N3具有上升趋势,且在N3时REEs含量表现得更为分散;从总体分期上看,随着NSCLC分期的增加,各稀土元素的倍数差异增大,点更加分散,REEs含量在NSCLC组织中的含量也更加紊乱.La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Dy、Er和Tm等7种REEs含量随着临床分期增大而增加,与临床分期呈高度正相关.结论 随着NSCLC分期的升高,REEs含量呈上升趋势,且REEs在NSCLC组织中的含量也更加紊乱,La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Dy、Er和Tm与临床分期呈高度正相关.     

Monitoring Dynamic Change of Land Cover Based on SVM and Satellite Images in Hanoi,Vietnam

An integral method, combining support vector machine （SVM） with remote-sensing analysis techniques, was explored to monitor Hnoi＇s dynamic change of land cover. The landsat thematic mapper （TM） image in 1993, the enhanced thematic mapper plus （ETM＋） image in 2000, and the image with the charge-coupled device camera （CCD） on the China-Brazil earth resources satellite （CBERS） in 2008 were used. Six land-cover types, including built-up areas, woodland, cropland, sand, water body and unused land, were identified. The detected results showed visually the rapid urban expansion as well as land-cover change of Hanoi from 1993 to 2008. There were 12 637.54 hm2 cropland decreased between 1993 and 2000, and 8 227.6 hm2 cropland decreased between 2000 and 2008. Compared with cropland, woodland firstly decreased and then increased, and the other types did not change significantly. The results indicate that CBERS dataset has the application potential in world resources researches.     

Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of complex of horseradish peroxidase and La(III) at nano-gold colloid/cysteine/gold electrode

In this paper, the measurement results of sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass (MALDI–TOF/MS) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) demonstrated that the complex of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and La(III) (La–HRP) can be formed in horseradish in vivo after horseradish is treated with 80 μM La(III). The electrochemical measurements further demonstrated that the direct electrochemical performance and the bioelectrocatalytic activity of the La–HRP complex are worse than that of HRP. This means that when HRP is treated with the high concentration of La(III), the natural function of HRP is inhibited due to the change in the structure of HRP. Thus, it would be harmful for horseradish and other organisms. This result would provide some references for better understanding the toxicity mechanism of rare earth elements and heavy metals in the organisms.     

从发生学角度探讨中医五行学说理论的形成

运用发生学的方法,从"五"、"行"、"五行起源"、"五行演化"以及五行在中医理论的形成过程等方面,从根源上探讨中医学五行学说的发生和发展过程,以有助于对五行学说的理解、掌握和运用。     

中西医结合治疗射血分数正常心力衰竭临床研究

目的：观察中西医结合治疗射血分数正常心力衰竭气虚血瘀型的t临床疗效。方法：60例随机分为两组各30例,两组均给予西医常规治疗,治疗组另用益心饮。结果：心衰症状改善及中医症候改善治疗组优于对照组（P＜0．01）,E／E’及BNP指标改善治疗组也优于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：西医常规治疗配合益心饮治疗射血分数正常心力衰竭气虚血瘀型有较好疗效。     

吕英教授之“戊己土”新探及临床运用

吕英教授乃南方医院李可中医药学术流派传承基地学术带头人,临证之际,以《黄帝内经》为宗旨,以六经辨证为大法,以仲景方药为医剑,强调求其本源,体悟《内经》精韵,因临床疗效显著而广受患者好评。《素问.太阴阳明论》云＂：土者,生万物而法天地＂,《素问.五运行大论》指出：＂丹天之气,经于牛女戊分……所谓戊己分者,奎璧角轸,则天地之门户也＂,吕英教授认为,无土不成世界,然土分戊己,秉性虽异,然燥湿相济,升降相因,纳化相依,和气一团;＂戊己土＂理论彰显＂天人合一＂之医魂,禀承＂五运六气＂之气化。     

Antioxidant responses of rice seedling to Ce⁴+ under hydroponic cultures

Since the 1980s, rare earth elements have been commonly used in China because of their enriched fertilizers. To understand the potential benefits or damages of Ce⁴⁺ on rice, the antioxidant responses (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase activities, and ascorbate and glutathione contents) of rice seedling to Ce⁴⁺ under hydroponic cultures were investigated. The results showed that Ce⁴⁺ induced H₂O₂ and O₂⁻ production of rice seedling. The inhibition studies with diphenylene iodonium suggested that the key enzyme responsible for oxidative bursts was primarily NADPH oxidase. Ce⁴⁺ (0.02 mM) increased the antioxidant capacity of reduced ascorbate and glutathione and the levels of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase. However, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant capacity of rice seedling were decreased by 0.2 mM Ce⁴⁺ treatment, indicating that higher content of Ce⁴⁺ damaged the mechanism of defense responses and emerged the peroxidation of membrane lipids. These results will help us to understand the mechanism of Ce⁴⁺ on rice and concern about its environmental impact in agricultures.     

培土生金法对慢性阻塞性肺疾病模型大鼠营养状态影响的实验研究

目的：观察培土生金法对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）营养不良模型大鼠体重、血清瘦素、血清白蛋白的影响。方法：70只大鼠随机分成正常对照组和模型组。模型组采用气管内注射脂多糖加烟熏的方法,制作COPD大鼠模型,从模型组中选出营养不良大鼠30只,再随机分为香砂六君颗粒组和生理盐水组。给药10天后,观察治疗前后体重、血清瘦素、血清白蛋白的变化。结果：培土生金法治疗可提高COPD营养不良模型大鼠血清白蛋白水平（P〈0．05）,显著增加营养不良大鼠体重、血清瘦素水平（P〈0．01）。结论：通过培土生金法治‘疗,可改善COPD营养不良模型大鼠的营养状态。