韩丽华教授辨治肺源性心脏病经验

韩丽华教授辨治肺源性心脏病经验主要体现在以下5个方面：①从五行生克制化,擅用培土生金。肺源性心脏病患者大多寒热错杂,辨治肺心病应注重培土生金,韩教授喜用半夏泻心汤寒热并用以和阴阳,苦辛并进以调升降,补泻兼施以顾虚实。②明脏腑经络表里,巧施通腑泻下。韩师善用承气汤以通腑泻下,通腑气以降气平喘。临床中除寒痰证外,多用瓜蒌清热化痰、润肠通便,大黄泻下祛瘀。另肺源性心脏病患者大多为老年人,素体肾精亏虚,韩师喜用肉苁蓉温肾通便,当归补血养血、润肠通便,生地黄、玄参、麦冬滋养阴液以增水行舟,多加厚朴、枳实等调理气机以通腑气。③重升降出入理论,多从肺肾同治。肺源性心脏病患者肾气亏虚,肾失摄纳,气逆于上发为喘咳,临床中擅用补骨脂以温肾、纳气平喘。④通气血津液理论,注重化痰活血。肺源性心脏病大都因肺失宣降,肺气郁滞,总以化痰活血行气并用,气行则血行;化瘀与养血并用活血而不伤正;升降同用而使气血和调。⑤从“天人合一”理论,倡导冬病夏治。“冬病夏治”理论的应用关键在于用药时机的选择,可使用发泡灸法,亦可用汤剂内服。其法升发阳气,增强机体抵抗力,防范冬季疾病反复。     

从胆汁酸核受体FXR探讨土壅木郁理论与2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的关系

2型糖尿病是以胰岛素抵抗(IR)为特征的慢性疾病。多项研究表明,胆汁酸核受体FXR与其关系密切,FXR的激活或抑制影响着疾病的发生发展。中医认为肝胆属木,脾胃属土,土与木在五行中属相克关系,土弱而不能达木,则木气郁塞,即土壅木郁。土壅是IR的始动因素,脾土壅滞,则水谷不化,可酿生痰、湿、瘀等病理产物,导致中满内热,伤津化燥,发为消渴。土壅木郁为IR的病机关键,土壅不能运化水谷精微以滋养肝木,肝失濡养,则疏泄功能失常,导致肝气郁结。日久又可化热,耗伤津液,亦发为消渴。FXR是阐释土壅木郁理论科学内涵的切入点,其主要分布在肝脏与肠道中,可以通过促进胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)的分泌,调节糖原合成、糖异生、糖转运等胰岛素信号通路以及抑制氧化应激和炎症反应等,从而治疗IR。因此,本研究从FXR出发探讨土壅木郁理论导致2型糖尿病IR的现代生物学基础,为土壅木郁理论提供新的科学内涵。     

林丽珠治疗肺癌用药规律分析

目的：探讨林丽珠教授治疗肺癌的用药规律。方法：收集在林丽珠教授门诊患者病历资料,运用频数分析方法,统计常用中药的应用频次。结果：收集的肺癌患者病历共61份,累计就诊394次,共用中药143味,用药频次4977次。常用药物种类为补益药、化痰药、理气药、消肿散结药、祛瘀通络药,其中补益药和化痰药的使用频率分别为18.44%,19.55%,在各类药物中最高。用药频次较高的单味药依次为：茯苓、法半夏、土鳖虫、党参、僵蚕、桔梗、苦杏仁。结论：益气化痰法为林丽珠教授治疗肺癌的基本原则,益气以培土生金为主,化痰以理气化痰、清热化痰为主,辨证施治,疗效显著。     

陈晓雯运用五行学说论治甲状腺功能亢进症

甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)的病变脏腑与肝、心、脾、肺、肾密切相关,主要责之于肝.陈晓雯教授治疗甲亢以疏肝泻火养阴为治疗原则,常用夏栀调瘿合剂加减,并根据五行学说进行辨脏论治.木乘土多见于甲亢早期,治宜疏肝泻火、益气健脾,药用夏栀调瘿合剂加柴胡、牡丹皮、茯苓、白术、炙甘草;木侮金可见于甲亢各期,治宜清肝益肺,药用夏栀调...     

深圳近岸海域海洋动物稀土元素组成特征及配分模式研究

目的建立定量测定深圳近岸海域海洋动物稀土元素(REE)的方法,并对REE组成特征以及配分模式进行分析研究。方法在深圳近岸海域采集60份海洋动物样本,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定钇、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、铒、钬、铥、镱、镥等15种稀土元素,并选择国家一级标准物质茶叶(GBW10016)进行定量分析的质量控制。结果软体动物、藤壶、鱼类及虾类的REE平均测定值分别为(2.66±2.28)、(4.69±1.32)、(0.03±0.03)和(0.07±0.02)μg/g;所测海洋动物的稀土配分特征总体上都表现为轻稀土元素的富集。结论(1)球粒陨石标准化处理表明,藤壶、软体动物和虾类与南海北部陆坡海洋沉积物、香港土壤以及中国大陆土壤稀土平均值配分模式较接近,而鱼类的则有所差异;(2)双壳类软体动物由于体内REE总量较高而存在食用安全风险;(3)由REE富集能力、与海洋沉积物相似的REE配分模式以及附着生长特性等方面的特征显示,藤壶及牡蛎是较好的海洋环境REE指示动物。     

Physical,Hydric, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Earth Renders Amended with Dolomitic Lime

The global objective of this work was to manufacture resistant and durable (water resistant) earth renders with good thermal insulation. For this purpose, a medium plastic clayey soil from Kôdéni (Burkina Faso), constituted by kaolinite (62 wt.%), quartz (31 wt.%), and goethite (2 wt.%), was mixed with dolomitic lime (up to 6 wt.%) to manufacture earth renders. The mineralogical, microstructural, and chemical characteristics of dolomitic lime, as well as the physical (linear shrinkage, apparent density, and accessible porosity), hydric (water absorption test by capillarity and spray test), thermal (thermal conductivity), and mechanical (abrasion resistance, flexural, and compressive strengths) properties of the earth renders were evaluated. From these studies, it appears that the addition of dolomitic lime induces the formation of calcium silicate (CSH) and magnesium silicate (MSH) hydrates. These CSH and MSH are mainly formed from the pozzolanic reaction between finely ground quartz and the weak silica of kaolinite in basic media. These formed hydrates improve the physical, hydric, thermal, and mechanical properties of earth renders. This improvement is due to the fact that the formed CSH and MSH stick to the isolated particles of the soil, making them more compact. In view of the good mechanical strength and water resistance, as well as the low thermal conductivity, the elaborated earth renders are suitable for habitats with dry climates, such as the Sahel.     

混合稀土常乐在孕鼠和胎鼠肝中的蓄积及对肝脏钙含量的影响

目的 :观察混合稀土常乐在孕鼠和胎鼠肝中的蓄积情况以及对钙 ( Ca2 + )含量的影响。方法 :采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分别检测孕鼠和胎鼠肝中镧 ( La3 + )、铈 ( Ce3 + )、镨 ( Pr3 + )、钕 ( Nd3 + )和钙含量变化。结果 :孕鼠 2 0 mg· kg-1常乐组肝中La3 + 、Ce3 + 和 Nd3 + 含量高于对照组 ( P <0 .0 5 ) ;孕鼠肝脏 Ca2 + 含量各实验组高于对照组( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :孕鼠 2 0 mg· kg-1常乐组稀土元素在孕鼠肝中有蓄积 ,各实验组孕鼠肝脏钙含量均有变化 ;胎鼠肝脏稀土含量和钙含量无变化     

稀土作业工人体液免疫功能的观察

对１８６例稀土作业工人的血清ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ和补体Ｃ３进行测定，并与１２０例非稀土作业者进行了对比观察，还测定了环境粉尘浓度，总放射性和γ照射量率。稀土作业工人的ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，和Ｃ３均有明显变化，提示稀土作业环境对工人的体液免疫有一定影响。但依据总放射量中位数，作业环境开放性放射性场所最低类，个体的γ照射率远低于标准，故可认为一定影响，但依据总放射量中位数，作业环境为开放性放射性场所最低类     

Potentiometric investigation of oxide solubilities in molten KCl–NaCl eutectic.: The effect of surface area of solid particles on the solubilities

The sequential additions method (SAM) was used to determine solubility and disassociation characteristics of metal oxides MeO (CaO, PbO, ZnO, CdO) and carbonates (CaCO₃, SrCO₃, BaCO₃) in molten KCl–NaCl eutectic at 700 °C. A membrane oxide-reversible electrode Pt(O₂)/YSZ) was used to detect oxide ion concentrations. The oxides (MeO) were found to be weak bases in unsaturated solutions, their dissociation constants (pK) were found to be 3.27±0.2 (CaO), 3.50±0.1 (PbO), 6.1±0.2 (ZnO) 5.3±0.2 (CdO). All the emf?(?log m_MeO) plots in the vicinity of the saturation point include bends to the concentration axis. These were explained by the partial dissolution of MeO powders resulting in a decrease of their particle sizes and a corresponding rise of the molar surface areas (MSA). Calculations performed give surface energies of MeO_solid/KCl–NaCl systems of the order of 30–50 J m^?2. This allowed us to estimate MSAs of the MeO particles formed in MeO solubility determinations in molten KCl–NaCl by isothermal saturation and potentiometric titration methods. The solubilities of the alkaline earth carbonates were determined in a CO₂ atmosphere. Under these conditions solubility products of the carbonates were achieved before oxide precipitation. The alkaline earth carbonates were found to be appreciably soluble in the KCl–NaCl eutectic at 700 °C. Their solubility products determined by SAM were equal to pP_BrCO3=0.36±0.3, pP_SrCO3=2.04±0.2, pP_CaCO3=2.04±0.2 (in a CO₂ atmosphere). Under these conditions the particle size effect was imperceptible.     

《黄帝内经》中土理论思想初探

土居中央,为脏腑之中轴,机体气机的升降斡旋,无不赖中土之作用得以实现。中土为患,其症状表现纷繁芜杂,《黄帝内经》多有具体论述;从运气角度而言,土气不足为"卑监",太过为"敦阜",土运之年民多病湿,甲己失守,则后三年化为土疫,这便是李东垣从中土立论的理论依据之一。从养生保健角度而言,"饮食自倍,肠胃乃伤",故饮食无损中焦、胃气是养生的基本原则;"胃不和则卧不安",故养气、和气使脾胃安,以后天之气养先天之气也是防病养生的重要内容。