氨基酚型双齿席夫碱配基功能化聚砜的制备及其与Eu (Ⅲ)离子所形成的配合物的光致发光性能

以对氯甲基苯甲醛（CMBA）为试剂,使聚砜（PSF）发生Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应,将苯甲醛（BA）键合在PSF侧链,制得改性聚砜PSF-BA,并考察了主要因素对Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应的影响规律;然后,使PSF-BA的醛基分别与邻氨基苯酚（OAP）及间氨基苯酚（MAP）的氨基发生缩合反应,从而在PSF侧链实现了氨基酚型双齿席夫碱配基的同步合成与键合,获得了2种功能化聚砜PSF-BAOA和PSF-BAMA。采用红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁氢谱（¹H-NMR）对功能化聚砜的化学结构进行了表征。最后,使大分子配体PSF-BAOA和PSF-BAMA分别与Eu（Ⅲ）离子发生配位反应,制备了光致发光二元高分子-稀土配合物PSF-（BAOA）₃-Eu（Ⅲ）与PSF-（BAMA）₃-Eu（Ⅲ）。结果表明：溶剂的极性有利于聚砜与CMBA之间的Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应,适宜的溶剂为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺;适宜的温度为70℃。大分子配体PSF-BAOA和PSF-BAMA对Eu（Ⅲ）离子的荧光发射均会产生强烈的敏化作用,2种二元高分子-稀土配合物均发射出强烈的Eu（Ⅲ）离子特征荧光。     

周岱翰教授运用“培土生金法”论治肺癌学术特色初探

周岱翰教授从事临床近50年,擅长治疗晚期癌症,运用"培土生金法"论治肺癌学术特色鲜明,提出"脾虚痰湿"是肺癌的关键病机之一,基于"培土生金法"的"益气除痰"是重要治法,为相关临床和基础研究所证实,在中医肿瘤学术领域发扬了"扶脾即所以保肺"之说。     

Optimal control of earth pressure balance of shield tunneling machine based on dual-heuristic dynamic programming

Earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling machine has been widely used in underground construction. To avoid the catastrophic accidents caused by earth pressure imbalance, the earth pressure on excavation face must be controlled balance to that in chamber. To solve this problem better, a multi-variable data-driven optimal control method for shield machine based on dual-heuristic programming (DHP) is proposed. The DHP controller is constructed with action network, model network, and critic network based on back-propagation neural networks (BPNNs). Following Bellman's principle of optimality, a cost function of DHP controller for the chamber's earth pressure is presented, which simplifies a multi-level optimization to a single-level optimization. To minimize the cost function, the action network utilizes the critic network's error to achieve multi-variable optimization, and the optimal control parameters for the tunneling process are obtained at last. The simulation results show that the method can effectively control the earth pressure balance. Even in case of disturbance, the system has strong anti-interference ability and the control process is also quicker and steadier.     

姜莉云补火生土法治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎经验

姜莉云教授从事中医临床及研究30余年,在治疗脾胃系统疾病及疑难杂症方面有独到的诊治经验,认为慢性萎缩性胃炎脾肾阳虚型者十之八九,"水寒土湿"为慢性萎缩性胃炎致病之根本,气机阻滞、瘀血胃络、痰湿中阻为发病之源,为本虚标实之疾。治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎以补火生土法治其本,配以调畅气机、化瘀通络、燥湿化痰治其标,提倡治本为主兼除其标,主张以扶阳之法治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎。临证予吴萸四逆汤扶阳固本,从而阻断或延缓慢性萎缩性胃炎的发展。     

土壤和海洋沉积物中16种稀土元素电感耦合等离子体-质谱测定的酸消解体系选择与消除钪元素背景干扰研究

目的筛选适合于土壤和海洋沉积物中镧(La)、铈(Ce)、镨(Pr)、钕(Nd)、钐(Sm)、铕(Eu)、钆(Gd)、铽(Tb)、镝(Dy)、钬(Ho)、铒(Er)、铥(Tm)、镱(Yb)、镥(Lu)、钇(Y)、钪(Sc)16种稀土元素含量测定的混合酸消解体系以及钪(Sc)背景干扰消除技术。方法采用微波消解技术,选取硝酸+氢氟酸(+硼酸)、王水+氢氟酸(+硼酸)、硝酸+双氧水+氢氟酸(+硼酸)三种混酸体系消解土壤和海洋沉积物有证参考物质,定容后采用ICP-MS直接测定16种稀土元素含量,与标示值比较计算回收率;调节仪器QP Bias与Oct P Bias的差值,消除~(45)Sc的背景干扰。结果王水+氢氟酸、硝酸+双氧水+氢氟酸适用于土壤样本消解,王水+氢氟酸适用于海洋沉积物的消解,改变QP Bias与Oct P Bias的差值为4 V,可以消除45Sc的背景干扰。结论采用微波消解技术+(4 ml王水+0.5 ml氢氟酸)混合酸体系结合ICP-MS技术,可以满足土壤和海洋沉积物类环境样本中16种稀土元素测定要求。     

Towards a quantitative understanding of the late Neoproterozoic carbon cycle

The cycles of carbon and oxygen at the Earth surface are intimately linked, where the burial of organic carbon into sediments represents a source of oxygen to the surface environment. This coupling is typically quantified through the isotope records of organic and inorganic carbon. Yet, the late Neoproterozoic Eon, the time when animals first evolved, experienced wild isotope fluctuations which do not conform to our normal understanding of the carbon cycle and carbon-oxygen coupling. We interpret these fluctuations with a new carbon cycle model and demonstrate that all of the main features of the carbonate and organic carbon isotope record can be explained by the release of methane hydrates from an anoxic dissolved organic carbon-rich ocean into an atmosphere containing oxygen levels considerably less than today.     

Widespread crown condition decline, food web disruption, and amplified tree mortality with increased climate change-type drought

Climate change is progressively increasing severe drought events in the Northern Hemisphere, causing regional tree die-off events and contributing to the global reduction of the carbon sink efficiency of forests. There is a critical lack of integrated community-wide assessments of drought-induced responses in forests at the macroecological scale, including defoliation, mortality, and food web responses. Here we report a generalized increase in crown defoliation in southern European forests occurring during 1987-2007. Forest tree species have consistently and significantly altered their crown leaf structures, with increased percentages of defoliation in the drier parts of their distributions in response to increased water deficit. We assessed the demographic responses of trees associated with increased defoliation in southern European forests, specifically in the Iberian Peninsula region. We found that defoliation trends are paralleled by significant increases in tree mortality rates in drier areas that are related to tree density and temperature effects. Furthermore, we show that severe drought impacts are associated with sudden changes in insect and fungal defoliation dynamics, creating long-term disruptive effects of drought on food webs. Our results reveal a complex geographical mosaic of species-specific responses to climate change-driven drought pressures on the Iberian Peninsula, with an overwhelmingly predominant trend toward increased drought damage.     

扶正固元法干预缺血性中风恢复期的疗效分析

目的评价扶正固元法干预缺血性中风恢复期的临床疗效。方法采用随机数字法将72例患者分别纳入至对照组与干预组。对照组采用西医常规治疗,干预组在对照组的治疗基础上加服扶正固元方,2W为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。治疗前后分别观察NIHSS评分、Barthel指数、MRS、神经功能缺损积分疗效分级评定以及中医症状记分和综合疗效指数与缺血性中风发病相关因素相关性的判定。结果与对照组2W后、3m后分别进行比较,干预组NIHSS评分与MRS降低、Barthel指数与中医症状记分增高,均具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;按照神经功能缺损积分疗效评定分级标准进行分级,干预组较对照组显愈率与有效率显著提高（P〈O．01）;且经统计分析,疗效指数与年龄、伴发病积分、既往史积分呈负相关,与病程、中医证候疗效指数无相关性关系。结论扶正固元方具有能够改善缺血性中风恢复期患者临床症状,提高日常生活活动能力的作用,临床疗效得以提高。     

稀土离子Pr3+、Nd3+与单宁酸配合物的合成及其红外、紫外光谱分析

目的：合成稀土离子Pr^3 、Nd^3 与单宁酸配位化合物并对其进行光谱表征。方法：试验了稀土离子Pr^3 、Nd^3 与植物单宁(Tn)的固体配合物合成条件,并进行了傅立叶红外光谱、紫外光谱分析。结果：稀土离子Pr^3 、Nd^3 与植物单宁的多酚基形成三配基配合物。     

3-羟基-2-萘醛缩氨基硫脲稀土配合物的合成及其与DNA的相互作用

合成了3-羟基-2-萘醛缩氨基硫脲及其稀土配合物,通过IR、UV、元素分析、摩尔电导及热分析等进行了结构表征.在pH 7.22的Tris-HC1缓冲液中,采用紫外光谱、荧光光谱和黏度法研究了目标化合物与ct-DNA的相互作用.结果表明该化合物以插入式与ct-DNA键合.