基于Walker256恶性胸水模型的中药甘遂量-毒-效关系研究

该文考察中药甘遂的量-毒-效关系,探讨甘遂的毒效变化特点,为临床安全合理用药提供科学依据。以恶性胸水模型为研究对象,在较大剂量范围内(甘遂0.045~1.620 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1))考察甘遂对实验动物生化指标、胸水量等的影响,并通过因子分析方法综合评价甘遂的量-毒-效关系。结果显示,模型组大鼠具有较多的胸水量,且与空白组比较,ALT,AST,LDH,HBDH,IFN-γ,IL-2,TNF-α显著升高(P0.05),TP,ALB降低(P0.05)。给药后,与模型组比较,各组可不同程度的减少胸水量,降低IFN-γ,IL-2,TNF-α,升高TP,ALB,体现出一定的治疗作用,同时引起ALT,AST,LDH,HBDH升高,体现出一定的肝、心脏毒性。通过因子分析从9个指标中抽提出2个公因子,共解释了89.1%的信息。结果表明,甘遂在《中国药典》剂量范围内单独给药没有见到明显毒性,在药典高限3倍剂量下可产生肝脏、心脏毒性,随着剂量增加,毒性增强;同时甘遂具有"峻下逐水"功效,可减少恶性胸水模型大鼠的胸水量及改善相关生理指标,且具有剂量依赖性。综合分析其毒效特点,甘遂药典高限剂量为其相对最佳治疗剂量。     

西洋参茎叶皂甙对大鼠实验性肝损伤的影响

目的：观察国产西洋参茎叶皂甙（ＰＱＳ）对员伤的保护作用。方法：采用急性乙醇中毒大鼠模型为研究对象。结果：ＰＱＳ能降低血清过氧化脂质（ＭＤＡ）、血清谷丙转氨酶（ＳＧＰＴ）、血清谷草转氨酶（ＳＧＯＴ）活性,减少肝脏ＭＤＡ的生成,增加肝谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性。结论：提示ＰＱＳ对员伤具有保护作用。     

肿瘤细胞与血管内皮细胞相互作用及丹参干预作用

肿瘤转移的复杂机制在于肿瘤细胞与各种宿主细胞之间发生的广泛作用,而肿瘤能否建立转移则取决于肿瘤细胞诱导并利用宿主细胞协助自身发展的能力。其中肿瘤与血管内皮细胞间的相互作用在支持肿瘤血行转移中扮演了重要角色。研究表明活血化瘀药丹参对这一过程具有多成分、多环节的抑制作用,为以肿瘤细胞与血管内皮细胞相互作用为靶点的抗肿瘤候选药物研发提供参考。     

附子毒-效关系探析

应用附子要以"得附子之益,去附子之损"为原则,正所谓"正有毒以祛毒,非无毒以治有毒也"。附子之毒与效密不可分,是以毒攻毒治法的具体体现,辨证地看待附子的毒-效关系,从而对今后附子的临床合理应用提供一定的借鉴。     

黔曲质量标准

目的:建立黔曲质量标准。方法:用薄层鉴别方法鉴别木香、大黄、枳实,用HPLC测定橙皮苷含量,色谱柱为Dikma Diamonsil C18(4.0 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相乙腈-0.02%磷酸水溶液(19∶81),流速1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长283 nm。结果:定性鉴别分离度好、重复性好、专属性强;橙皮苷线性范围为10.568～528.4 mg.L-1(r=0.999 98),平均回收率为100.18%,RSD 2.73%,精密度RSD 0.37%(n=6),重复性RSD 0.88%(n=6)。结论:方法可靠、准确、专属性强,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

大黄清胃冲剂活性成分提取工艺的均匀设计优化选择

目的 探讨大黄清胃冲剂活性成分提取分离的优化工艺条件。方法 以游离蒽醌提取率为定量指标,通过４种生长黄煎煮方法的初步筛选,确定浸渍溶剂、浸渍时间、回流溶剂及回流时间为考察因素,并为Ｕ９（９＾６）均匀表设计试验。结果 大黄提取优化工艺条件为７０％乙醇浸润１４ｈ和回流提取８０ｍｉｎ。结论 工艺条件可以用于大黄清胃冲剂的生产制备。     

Effects of traditional herbal medicine, Hwaotang, on atherosclerosis using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic rabbits and the venous thrombosis rats

Hwaotang (HOT), a traditional Korean medicinal formulation, is a dried decoctum of a mixture of seven herbal medicines, consisting of Angelica gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Ciniamomi Cortex, Cnidii Rhizoma, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos. In the present study, the inhibitory effects and anti thrombic properties of HOT on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions were studied using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic (KHC) rabbits and rats. Changes in blood chemistry, pathology and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were measured in a control and HOT group. In the control group, the area of atheromatous plaques of the aorta progressed between week 12 (36.65%) and week 14 (46.22%). This progression of atherosclerotic lesions did not occur in the HOT-treated group after 12 (24.24%) and 14 (23.34%) weeks. Antioxidative effects on LDL were seen in the HOT in weeks 12 and 14. HOT improved the hypercholesterolemia in the KHC rabbits. On the other hand, HOT and five of the seven herbs, except Cnidii Rhizoma and Carthami Flos, inhibited the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis in high cholesterol diet-treated rats. However, Ciniamomi Cortex showed a very weak inhibitory effect on the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis. The extract also inhibited the endotoxin-induced decrease in blood platelets and fibrinogen, and endotoxin-induced increase in fibrin degradation products (FDP) on disseminated intravascular coagulation in normal rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that HOT has inhibitory effects on the development of atheromatous plaque formation in spontaneous FH rabbits. It is also suggested that the antioxidative effects of HOT on LDL led to the beneficial effects observed in this study. The protection by HOT and its herbs on the artificially induced ischemic infarction might be related to their inhibitory effects on disseminated intravascular coagulation, platelet coagulation and thrombotic action.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱技术鉴别4种中药材的不同来源

目的:对矮地茶、大黄、黄芩、夏枯草4种中药材不同批次样品的来源进行鉴别。方法:采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术获得4种中药材各个批次样品的红外光谱图和高分辨的二阶导数谱,并对其进行分析。结果:每种不同来源的中药材即产地不同的野生品与栽培品均具有不同的红外光谱特征,其红外吸收峰峰位与相对强度均存在一定差异;并且二阶导数谱更加突出了红外光谱的特征性。结论:本方法快速、简单、特征性强,可以对中药材不同批次样品的来源进行鉴别。     

Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Rapid Resolution LC-MS/ESI Identification of Chromones from Saposhnikoviae Radix through Orthogonal Array Design

Objective To establish a rapid and effective supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) and rapid resolution liquid chromatography method coupled with diode-array detector(RRLC-DAD) to quantify the chromones in a species. Methods The effects of four parameters including ethanol concentration(50%-90%), pressure(25-45 MPa), temperature(40-60 ℃), and time(30-90 min) on the chromones yields, namely prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 5-O-methylvisammioside, and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, were investigated using SFE system with orthogonal array design(OAD). Furthermore, the extracts were analyzed using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detector(RRLC-DAD) system to confirm the results. Results Under the optimized conditions, i.e., 35 MPa of pressure, 60 ℃ of temperature, 70% ethanol, and 60 min of time, the yields of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 5-O-methylvisammioside, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, and total chromones were 3.514, 0.132, 6.242, 0.342, and 10.231 mg/g, respectively. In comparison with ultrasonic assisted extraction(UAE), SFE was able to yield a 20.7% increase in the total chromones from Saposhnikoviae Radix. Conclusion SFE is an alternative and promising method to extract chromones from this species, and the established RRLC-DAD method could serve as a rapid and effective method for the identification of chromones from Saposhnikoviae Radix.     

凝胶渗透色谱-多角度激光散射联用技术研究 红芪多糖中4个组分分子特征

目的:测定红芪多糖3(HPS-3)中4个组分的绝对分子量,相对分子质量分布,均方根旋转半径(Rg),多分散系数(Mw/Mn)等分子特征参数,以均方根旋转半径(Rg)对重均分子量(Mw)作图,计算4个组分在溶液状态的构象。方法:采用凝胶渗透色谱-多角度激光散射(GPC-MALLS)联用技术,流动相为含0.02%NaN3的0.1 mol.L-1NaNO3溶液,Ultrahydro-gelTM1000,500色谱柱串联。结果:HPS-3的4个组分中,HPS-3-C的Mw最大(1.986×105g.mol-1);其次为HPS-3-B(1.113×105 g.mol-1)和HPS-3-D(8.457×104 g.mol-1);HPS-3-A的Mw最小(1.223×104 g.mol-1),而Rg最大(55.5 nm)。HPS-3-D相对分子质量分布范围最广,Mw/Mn 2.543。在流动相中,HPS-3-A为球型构象,HPS-3-C为无规则线团构象,HPS-3-B和HPS-3-D则均为高枝化度结构。结论:为进一步研究HPS-3中4个组分分子特征与其生物活性的关系提供必要依据。