产紫青霉中的活性成分

从陕西省采集的土样中分离得到产紫青霉 (Penicillium purpurogenumStoll) ,从其发酵液乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到两个化合物 ,经过光谱数据的分析鉴定为 :3 (1′ 羧基乙烯氧基 )苯甲酸和间羟基苯甲酸 ,并利用稻瘟霉 (Pyriculariaoryzae)菌丝体形态变化作为活性指标 ,测定了它们的活性     

低聚果糖转移酶的分离纯化及性质研究

米曲霉发酵液经硫酸铵分级沉淀、ＤＥＡＥ－ｃｅｌｌｕｌｏｓｅ ＤＥ－５２吸附洗脱等步骤,得到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳均一的低聚果糖转移酶。得率４．４％,比活力为３５１５ｕ／ｍｇ,纯化了１５５５倍。分子量为７．８９＊１０＾４。低聚果糖转移酶最适ＰＨ为６．３,最适温度６０℃,热稳定性较好,对底物蔗糖的Ｋｍ值的０．６５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

利用稻瘟霉模型筛选粗疣合叶苔内生真菌中的活性菌株

目的 利用稻瘟霉模型快速筛选粗疣合叶苔内生真菌中具有生物活性的菌株,并对活性菌株T11进行鉴定.方法 首次对粗疣合叶苔内生真菌进行了分离,通过观察内生真菌醋酸乙酯提取物引起稻瘟霉分生孢子或菌丝形态生长异常或生长抑制的情况,初步确定具有生物活性的菌株,进一步进行体外抗真菌及抗肿瘤活性筛选,对活性最好的T11菌株进行了分类鉴定.结果 粗疣合叶苔分离得到47株内生真菌,具有抗稻瘟霉活性的活性菌株40株,占总分离菌株的85.1%.其中T11号菌株可明显抑制真菌生长和肿瘤细胞增殖.结论 粗疣合叶苔内生真菌具有明显的抗真菌和细胞毒作用,是潜在的抗菌、抗肿瘤药物资源.     

Omnipresence of Partitiviruses in Rice Aggregate Sheath Spot Symptom-Associated Fungal Isolates from Paddies in Thailand

Partitiviruses are one of the most prevalent double-stranded RNA viruses that have been identified mostly in filamentous fungi and plants. Partitiviruses generally infect host fungi asymptomatically but infrequently exert significant effect(s) on morphology and virulence, thus being considered a potential source of biological control agents against pathogenic fungi. In this study, we performed a screening for mycoviruses of a collection of Thai isolates of rice fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae, a causal agent of rice aggregated sheath spot disease. As a result, 36% of tested isolates carried potentially viral double-stranded RNAs with sizes ranging from 2 to 3 kbp. By conventional cDNA library construction and RNA-seq, we determined six new alphapartitiviruses that infected three isolates: tentatively named Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae partitivirus 1 to 6 (RosPV1-6). Furthermore, RT-PCR detection of each virus revealed their omnipresent nature in different R. oryzae-sativae isolates. Although virus-curing of basidiomycetous fungi is generally difficult, our repeated attempts successfully obtained virus-free (for RosPV1, RosPV2, and uncharacterized partitiviruses), isogenic strain of R. oryzae-sativae TSS190442. The virus-cured strain showed slightly faster colony growth on the synthetic media and severe symptom development on the rice sheath compared to its virus-infected counterpart. Overall, this study shed light on the distribution of partitiviruses in R. oryzae-sativae in a paddy environment and exemplified a virus-curing protocol that may be applicable for other basidiomycetous fungi.     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of theasapogenol galactosides against Magnaporthe oryzae

Camellia oleifera is expected to provide alternative aglycone to synthesize some saponins similar to that from Schima superba with inhibitory activity against Magnaporthe oryzae. Eight theasapogenol galactosides were synthesized via protection of adjacent hydroxyl groups by a benzylidene for regioselective glycosylation in the multi-hydroxyl sapogenin. Water soluble galactose chain connected far from liposoluble end was a key group in inhibiting the growth of M. oryzea unless theasapogenol was modified by two galactosyl groups or by one galactosyl group and one benzylidene group. The amphoteric characteristics of saponin such as saccharide group number, distance between bipolar groups play an important role in inhibiting mycelium growth of M. oryzae.     

米曲菌酶联合伊托必利辅助治疗慢性胃炎伴反流性食管炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨米曲菌酶联合伊托必利辅助治疗慢性胃炎伴反流性食管炎的疗效。方法 选取2017年6月-2018年6月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院收治的慢性胃炎伴反流性食管炎患者60例,采用随机数字表法分为2组,各30例。对照组给予口服盐酸伊托必利片,治疗组在对照组基础上口服米曲菌胰酶片,2组患者均连续治疗8周。观察2组患者临床疗效、反流性食管炎症状积分、内镜检查结果分级、SF-36评分、SDS评分、SAS评分和不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率显著优于对照组（P<0.05）;2组胸骨后烧痛、烧心和反酸评分显著降低,治疗组降低更显著（P<0.05）;2组患者胃镜检查显著改善,治疗组0级和1级例数显著多于对照组,3级和4级例数显著少于对照组（P<0.05）;2组SF-36评分显著升高,治疗组SF-36评分升高更明显（P<0.001）;2组患者SDS评分和SAS评分显著降低,治疗组下降程度更明显（P<0.001）。结论 采用米曲菌酶联合伊托必利辅助治疗慢性胃炎伴反流性食管炎,具有较好的临床疗效,能够有效地缓解临床症状,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Application of EST Data of Sideroiphore Regulation Protein—like Gene of Aspergillus oryzae RIB40

目的 :通过反义 RNA技术获取稻属曲霉 ( Aspergillus oryzae)新的表现型。方法 :应用BLAST网络服务对稻属曲霉 EST数据进行同源性比较 ,PCR扩增与其它种属铁配体调节蛋白基因 ( SREP)具有高度同源性的 ac7336f片段并反向插入 p USA真核表达载体。结果 :测得铁配体调节蛋白类似基因的序列 ,完成反义表达载体构建。结论 :由铁配体调节蛋白类似基因的 DNA序列推出的氨基酸序列与 Penicillium chrysogenum,Neurospora crassa和 Schizosaccharomyces pombe等种属铁配体调节蛋白基因的氨基酸序列具有高度同源性