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41.
Adriana Lombardo Gian Carlo Goi Sergio Marchesini Luigi Caimi Maddalena Moro Guido Tettamanti 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》1981,113(2):141-152
Automated fluorimetric procedures for the assay of five lysosomal glycohydrolases—β-N-acetylglucosaminidase; β-galactosidase; β-glucuronidase; α-mannosidase; α-fucosidase—in human plasma were set up. A Carlo Erba autoanalyser CLA 1500, provided with a sampler refrigerating unit and connected with a recording Turner Mod 111 fluorimeter was employed. The automated procedures, under the established optimal conditions, proved to be highly accurate and reproducible.Using the automated assay procedures the effect of sex and age on the plasma levels of the same enzymes was studied. 1273 randomly selected healthy subjects were studied. No sex differences were observed for all the enzymes studied with the exception of β-glucuronidase which displayed higher values (about 30%) in males from 25 to 60 years. The developmental profiles of all enzymes in females and males were similar and characterised by: (a) absolute maximum level in the umbilical cord blood; (b) absolute minimum level at 10–14 years; (c) decrease to a second minimum occurring around 35 years (not displayed by β-galactosidase and by β-glucuronidase in males); (e) slow further increase up to the elderly level which was then maintained till the oldest age examined, 74 years. 相似文献
42.
43.
D.W. Moss Katrine B. Whitaker C. Parmar J. Heckmatt J. Witkowski Caroline Sewry V. Dubowitz 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》1981,116(2):209-216
Creatine kinase activity has been measured at 37°C in sera from healthy women, carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and cord blood, with activation by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and EDTA as recommended by several European committees on standardisation. The upper limit of the reference range for healthy women was found to be 170 U/1. The distributions of creatine kinase activities in healthy and carrier women have been used to calculate probability of carrier status as a function of creatine kinase activity. Although the range of creatine kinase activities in normal cord blood is wide, the data provide a basis for interpretation when Duchenne muscular dystrophy is suspected. 相似文献
44.
A sandwich enzyme immunoassay of human growth hormone in serum using anti-human growth hormone IgG-beta-D-galactosidase conjugate 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
S Yoshitake Y Endo K Nakagawa M Imagawa S Ohtaki E Ishikawa 《Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry》1982,125(1):1-7
The specificity, sensitivity and stability of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in urine as indices of tubular proteinuria were compared. In vitro experiments show that RBP in urine is stable down to pH 4.5, whereas beta 2-m degrades below pH 5.5. This was confirmed by the relationships between pH and the concentration of both proteins in the urines from 150 healthy subjects. Urinary RBP was independent of pH (r = 0.125) but in contrast at pH below 6, beta 2-m concentration was inversely correlated with pH (r = 0.54, p less than 0.05). The comparison of urinary excretion of RBP and beta 2-m in 68 patients with renal diseases shows that in absence of a pH effect, the sensitivity and specificity of both proteins as indices of tubular proteinuria are rather similar. Therefore, in view of its greater stability in urine, RBP appears to be a more practical and reliable index of proximal tubular function than beta 2-m. 相似文献
45.
46.
47.
Sleep disturbance in pain clinic patients 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
One hundred out-patients, referred to a multidisciplinary pain clinic for the management of chronic pain, were questioned regarding their sleeping habits and were grouped according to whether they reported 'good,' 'fair' or 'poor' sleep. All patients were administered questionnaires to measure illness behaviour, depression and anxiety. Information was also obtained regarding the site, intensity and quality of pain as well as amount of general activity. 'Good' and 'poor' sleepers were found to differ on most measures, particularly depression, pain intensity, activity levels and hypochondriasis. These findings suggest that reported sleep disturbance may provide an index of impairment and act as an indicator of psychological disturbance in chronic pain patients. 相似文献
48.
Yanhui Dong Peijin Hu Yi Song Bin Dong Zhiyong Zou Zhenghe Wang Rongbin Xu Dongmei Luo Disi Gao Bo Wen Yinghua Ma Jun Ma Xiaobo Tian Xiaona Huang George C Patton 《Lancet》2018
Background
The level and pace of mortality, and causes of death in children and adolescents might vary across regions within China. We aimed to analyse the national and subnational mortality trends, and the principal causes of deaths among Chinese children and adolescents aged 1–19 years from 1953 to 2016.Methods
Data were drawn from the Global Burden of Disease study, Chinese Population Census, and China Health Statistics Yearbooks. National mortalities from 1953 to 2016 and subnational mortalities from 1981 to 2010 were calculated on the basis of data from the Chinese Population Census and China Health Statistics Yearbooks. The causes of deaths were taken from the Global Burden of Disease data for 1990 to 2016.Findings
Mortality of Chinese children and adolescents aged 1–19 years declined steadily from 1953 to 2016, and there was a marked decline in mortality rates in children aged 1– 4 years during this period. Large subnational disparities in mortality (from all causes) existed across the 31 provinces, with higher mortality in western regions (eg, Xinjiang, Guizhou, and Yunnan). and lower mortality in eastern regions (eg, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei), but this gap narrowed with time from 1981 to 2010 (the period for which regional data were available). Injuries caused the highest number of deaths in children and adolescents (aged 1–19 years) each year from 1990 to 2016. Until 2016, the three factors that caused the highest numbers of deaths were road injuries (8·22 per 100?000 people), drowning (8·07 per 100?000 people), and congenital birth defects (3·22 per 100?000 people), but in 1990, they were drowning (31·21 per 100?000 people), lower respiratory infection (18·00 per 100?000 people), and road injuries (15·91 per 100 000 people). Drowning caused the most mortality in boys and in children aged 1–14 years, and road injury caused the most mortality in girls and in adolescents aged 15–19 years in 2016.Interpretation
Remarkable improvements in the mortality rates of Chinese children and adolescents were observed from 1953 to 2016. There was also a reduction in the large subnational differences in mortality rates for this group in China, nevertheless disparities were still present in 2010. Our findings emphasise the need to strengthen measures to reduce the occurrence and severity of injuries, to establish subnational health systems across the nation, and to further reduce the subnational disparity in mortality rates across the provinces of China.Funding
The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation to JM (81673192). 相似文献49.
Background
A longer time in consultation with doctors in ambulatory care has been associated with better quality of care. Patient experience is of great concern to policy makers and is linked with health-care quality. However, the relationship between consultation length and patient experience remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of consultation length on patient experience, based on analysis of a cross-sectional nationwide patient survey data in China.Methods
We obtained patient survey data from a strati?ed nationwide survey sample that covered 136 tertiary hospitals in China. Patient-estimated consultation length and associated patient experience data were collected by questionnaire after each patient attended a face-to-face consultation with a doctor. The consultation experience was rated on a 5-point scale. We applied a two-piecewise linear regression model to examine the saturation effect of the consultation length on patient experience (consultation score), using a smoothing function, while age, sex, education, and profession were adjusted in the model, then estimated the turning point that gave the maximum model likelihood by using trial and error.Findings
Between Dec 18, 2017, and Dec 30, 2017, 27?721 patients, aged 15–85 years, were eligible and selected for inclusion. The median patient-reported duration of face-to-face ambulatory care consultation was 10 min (IQR 5–12), and the mean score of the consultation experience rated by the patient was 4·25 (SD 0·83; 95% CI 4·24–4·26) on the 5-point scale. After adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, education, and profession, there was a non-linear relationship between consultation length and measure of patient experience after smooth curve fitting. A turning point at 8 min was identified in the modelling process. Below this point, there was a higher probability of rating a consultation score above average with longer consultation length (odds ratio [OR] 1·28, 95% CI 1·26–1·30, p<0·001). After this point, the OR changed to 1·03 (95% CI 1·02–1·04, p<0·001). There was a significant difference in patient experience measure before and after this consultation length turning point (p<0·001).Interpretation
Consultation length was associated with a measure of patient experience in a non-linear pattern. Longer consultations might not be required to achieve better patient experience, but an adequate consultation should not be shorter than 8 min. Future research about the appropriateness of consultation length for varies ambulatory care institutions would be of benefit.Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China (71532014), National Health Commission of China 相似文献50.