A Longitudinal Investigation of the Predictability of the Three-Factor Model of the Important People Inventory

Objective: Because of psychometric limitations and varied adaptations of the Important People Inventory (IP; a measure of alcohol social support), Groh et al. (7) performed factor analyses and created a three-factor model (i.e., Support for Drinking from Network Members, Drinking Behaviors of Network Members, and General Social Support). This present study examined the ability of the three-factor model to predict alcohol use. Methods: This study consisted of 293 women and 604 men who were US residents of a network of self-run recovery homes known as Oxford House (OH). Logistic regression models were run. The first model examined which of the three IP factors was the best predictor of alcohol use over a 4-month period; next, models compared Drinking Behaviors of Network Members (the three-factor model) and Network Support for Drinking from Network Members (the original two-factor model) as predictors of 4-month alcohol use. Results: Of the three factors measuring general support, network drinking behaviors, and support for drinking, Drinking Behaviors of Network Members was the only significant predictor of alcohol use over a 4-month period. Additionally, this component was a better predictor of drinking than the Support for Drinking from Network Members summary score from the original model. Conclusions: Compared to the original model, this new three-factor model of the IP is shorter, has stronger internal reliability, and is a better predictor of alcohol use over time. It is strongly recommended that researchers continue to explore the utility of this new model.     

Chronic pelvic pain of obscure origin: A clinical study

A Pelvic Pain Clinic was established to provide diagnostic and therapeutic services to women with severe, chronic pelvic pain of obscure origin. Sixty such women were studied. Their histories revealed a complex pattern of complaints. Conventional clinical investigations usually failed to reveal organic pathology responsible for the symptoms. Twenty-eight patients consented to undergo surgery. Two patients were found to have gynaecological pathology causing prolonged pain. Seventeen patients had normal internal genitalia. Nine patients had minor gynaecological pathology, frequently observed in asymptomatic patients. Twenty-two patients underwent psychological evaluation. The interviews produced evidence of psychiatric syndromes in twenty-one. Patients improved with surgery if organic disease was found. The response to reassurance based on negative laparoscopic findings was also good. The majority of patients were distrustful of explanations involving psychosomatic concepts and were not amenable to group psychotherapy.     

Relative Importance of Abstinence in Clients’ and Clinicians’ Perspectives of Recovery from Drug and Alcohol Abuse

This study collected data on drug and alcohol workers’ (n = 55) and clients’ (n = 139) perspectives on what constitutes a “recovery” from substance use disorder. Data were collected during 2010 from four residential faith-based treatment programs across the east coast of Australia. Self-report surveys specifically designed for this study were administered. Responses were compared using nonparametric test. Abstinence was seen as an important component of recovery but nonabstinent factors were also seen as having an important role. Staff placed more emphasis on clients taking responsibility for their problems and on the role of spiritual development. The importance of nonabstinence components was positively associated with a person's time in treatment and recovery. Implications, limitations, and future directions are noted.     

围生期情绪相关知识教育策略对产后心理弹性及产后抑郁的影响

目的分析围生期情绪相关知识教育策略对产后心理弹性及产后抑郁的影响,为产后康复综合干预方案制定提供参考。方法随机选取该院2019年2月-2020年1月分娩的产妇60例作为研究对象,采用数字随机表法分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组围生期予以常规健康宣教,观察组在对照组常规健康宣教的基础上再予以围生期情绪相关知识专项教育,两组产妇均随访观察至产后第一次健康体检(产后42 d)。对两组产妇产前1周、产后42 d均行心理弹性(CD-RISC10)及产后爱丁堡产后抑郁表(EPDS)测评并行组间比较。对两组产妇产前1周、产后42 d进行围生期情绪相关知识认知水平进行问卷调查,判断认知合格情况并行组间比较。收集整理两组产妇产后并发症并行组间比较。结果两组产妇产前1周对围生期情绪相关知识认知合格率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),产后42 d,两组产妇对围生期情绪相关知识认知合格率均明显上升,且观察组产妇认知合格率明显高于对照组产妇(P<0.05);两组产妇产前一周EPDS评分比较差异无统计学意义,产后42 d两组产妇EPDS较产前有上升,但观察组产妇EPDS评分较对照组产妇低(P<0.05);两组产妇产前一周CD-RISC10各维度及总评分比较组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);产后42 d对照组心理弹性各维度及总评分与产前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组产妇CD-RISC10各维度及总评分较产前1周及对照组高(P<0.05);观察组产妇出院后至42 d并发症率明显低于对照组产妇(P>0.05)。结论围生期情绪相关知识教育可有效提升产妇对围生期情绪管控相关知识的认知水平,提升产后心理弹性水平,降低其产后抑郁及并发症发生率,具有较高的临床价值。