代料配方与传统松木栽培茯苓的药效学比较研究

目的比对研究代料配方与传统松木栽培茯苓调节免疫功能和抗疲劳的药效作用,为代料栽培茯苓提供科学依据。方法通过注射氢化可的松建立免疫功能降低的小鼠模型,以香菇多糖为阳性药物对照,分别给药代料配方与传统松木栽培茯苓提取物,测定小鼠血清中白细胞介素2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏因子(TNF-α)和干扰素(IFN-γ)等细胞因子含量及小鼠免疫器官脏器指数,并测定各实验组小鼠负重游泳时间和耐缺氧时间。结果综合分析,代料配方与传统松木栽培茯苓提取物均有较好的药效作用,其中代料配方B组的药效作用优于传统松木G组,代料配方A组的药效作用则与传统松木G组相当。结论通过代料配方与传统松木栽培茯苓药效学的对比分析,本论文研究结论可为代料栽培茯苓提供药理学实验依据。     

茯苓饮片的紫外光谱分析

目的建立茯苓饮片的紫外光谱分析方法。方法采用紫外光谱分析方法,以4种不同极性的溶剂分别提取茯苓饮片,在200~400 nm内分别对4种提取液进行紫外扫描。结果茯苓饮片的紫外光谱图像特征明显。结论本法简便,准确,灵敏,可用于鉴别茯苓饮片。     

茯苓醇提取物抗心脏移植急性排斥反应的实验研究

目的　研究茯苓醇提取物对心脏移植急性排斥反应的抑制作用。方法　以Wistar大鼠为供者、SD大鼠为受者 ,建立异位 (腹腔 )心脏移植模型 ,移植前按组分别以橄榄油、茯苓醇提取物及环孢素A灌胃 ,并设SD大鼠空白对照组。术后观察移植心的存活时间 ,测定各组术后第 7d外周血中白细胞介素 2 (IL 2 )和γ干扰素 (IFN γ)含量以及CD3+、CD4 +、CD8+细胞和CD4 +细胞与CD8+细胞的比值 (CD4 +/CD8+) ,并观察移植心的病理变化。结果　接受茯苓醇提取物 2 5mg·kg-1·d-1或 5 0mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃的大鼠 ,移植心存活时间显著延长 ,病理损害程度减轻 ,外周血IL 2及IFN γ的含量以及CD3+、CD4 +、CD8+细胞百分比和CD4 +/CD8+比值降低 ,与环孢素A 5mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃的结果相当。结论　茯苓醇提取物对心脏移植急性排斥反应具有明显的抑制作用。     

The use of external skeletal fixation in the treatment of fractures of the humeral shaft

A method of external fixation is presented which has been applied in 8 patients with a fracture of the humeral shaft. The indications and technique are described.     

Neuroprotection by herbal formula FBD and its active compounds

FBD, a Chinese herbal formula, composed of Fu Ling [the sclerotium of the fungus of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (Polyporaceae)], Bai Zhu [the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.(Compositae)], and Danggui [the root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Umbelliferae)], has been found beneficial in treating brain ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). In this work, oral pretreatment with supercritical CO₂ extract (FBD-CO₂, 37.?5?mg/kg) twice daily for 3.5 days, significantly attenuated brain infarction (p < 0.05), blocked neuron specific enolase (NSE) efflux (p < 0.05) in mice subjected to repetitive 10?min of common carotid artery occlusion following 24?h reperfusion, whether coupled with aqueous extract (FBD-H₂O, 150?mg/kg) or not. Except atractylenolide I and pachymic acid, atractylenolide II, III, levistolid A, and ferulic acid isolated from FBD-CO₂ alone protected neuron-like PC12 cells obviously and concentration-dependently against I/R-like insults (p < 0.05 ~ 0.01) induced by sodium dithionite (10 mM), monosodium glutamate (2 mM), KCl (0.2?M), or hydrogen peroxide (0.2 mM) at 1-100 μM. Even though at sub-active concentrations (< 1 μM), the combination of the six components contained in FBD-CO₂ (10 μg/mL), protected markedly PC12 cells (p < 0.01), in a synergistic fashion. Moreover, intraperitoneal treatment with dual doses of 37.?5?mg/kg FBD-CO₂ and 1.?2?mg/kg combination reduced both infarct size (p < 0.01 and p > 0.05, respectively) and NSE efflux (p < 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively). Therefore, neuroprotection by FBD on I/R induced neuronal injury originated partially from the synergies of its compounds atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, levistolid A and ferulic acid.     

硫酸酯化茯苓多糖对裸鼠胃腺癌的抑制研究

目的探讨硫酸酯化茯苓多糖(S-PCS3-II)对裸鼠胃腺癌的抑制作用。方法无菌抽取人低分化胃腺癌细胞MKN-45,接种于裸鼠右侧腹股沟皮下,形成皮下移植瘤。将裸鼠随机分成5组:正常饮水饮食组、生理盐水(阴性对照)组、低剂量治疗组、高剂量治疗组、5-Fu(阳性对照)化疗组,从一般状况、大体病理、抑瘤率等方面观察硫酸酯化茯苓多糖对裸鼠胃腺癌的抑制作用。结果裸鼠胃腺癌模型制作成功率100%,硫酸酯化茯苓多糖(S-PCS3-II)能明显的抑制胃腺癌的生长,与阴性对照组比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05),高剂量组(250 mg/kg/d)的抑制率达到47.9%。结论硫酸酯茯苓多糖在裸鼠体内能有效地抑制胃腺癌细胞的增长,该多糖衍生物可以作为潜在的抗胃癌药物。     

Poricoic acid A induces apoptosis and autophagy in ovarian cancer via modulating the mTOR/p70s6k signaling axis

Due to the high mortality and rapid disease progression, ovarian cancer remains one of the most common malignancies threatening the health of women. The present study was conducted to explore the anticancer effects and the underlying mechanisms of poricoic acid A (PAA), the main components of Poria cocos, on ovarian cancer. We investigated the anticancer effects of different concentrations of PAA in the SKOV3 cell line. Cell viability and proliferation were examined by CCK-8 assay. Cellular migration and invasion were assessed by the scratch and Transwell migration assays, respectively. The effect of PPA on cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and caspase-3/8/9 colorimetric assay. Western blot was performed to detect protein level changes related to apoptosis and mTOR signaling pathways. The in vivo anticancer effect of PAA was evaluated using xenograft tumorigenesis model in nude mice. Our results showed that PAA suppressed SKOV3 cellular viability, migration, and invasion in a dosage-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results demonstrated PAA treatment could induce SKOV3 cell apoptosis. In addition, increased ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I (a marker for autophagosome formation) was observed after PAA treatment, as well as inhibition of m-TOR and p70s6k phosphorylation. In nude mice, PAA treatment reduced the xenograft tumor weight by 70% (P<0.05). In conclusion, our data suggested that PAA induced apoptosis and autophagy in ovarian cancer via modulating the mTOR/p70s6k signaling axis.     

党参及茯苓对小鼠肠道菌群调节作用的实验研究

目的研究党参和茯苓(均为补益中药)对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法 BALB/C♂小鼠随分为7组:空白组、党参与茯苓的低、中、高剂量组,各组的受试药物灌胃浓度分别为人体推荐量的5,10,30倍,空白对照组用无菌水代替受试物。连续给药14天后,取肠道内容物,溶解涂布筛选平板,培养计数。以小鼠粪便中的双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、大肠杆菌和肠球菌数量为检测指标,观察给药后小鼠肠道菌群的变化。结果高剂量的党参能显著提高肠道乳杆菌水平并降低大肠杆菌水平;而高剂量的茯苓能显著提高肠道双歧杆菌的水平。结论党参和茯苓对肠道菌群都有较好的调节作用。     

茯苓三萜成分的结构及其衍生物的生物活性

从国产茯苓干燥菌核中分得３β，１６α二羟基羊毛甾７，９（１１），２４（３１）三烯酸（Ⅰ）、３酮基１６α羟基羊毛甾７，９（１１），２４（３１）三烯酸（Ⅱ）和３β乙酰氧基１６α羟基羊毛甾８（９），２４（３１）二烯酸（Ⅲ）３个化合物．化合物（Ⅰ）为首次分得并确证其分子结构，补充了（Ⅱ）的光谱数据，归属了３种类型化合物的碳和特征氢的核磁光谱，总结出其分子的结构特点．用两种反应条件较温和的方法制备出１２种衍生物，测定了ＨＰＬＣ，ＭＳＦＡＢ，ＩＲ，ＵＶ，１ＨＮＭＲ，１３ＣＮＭＲ及１Ｈ１ＨＣＯＳＹ等光谱数据．测定了１２个化合物对人慢性髓样白血病Ｋ５６２细胞的抑制作用和对小鼠Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖影响的生物活性，推断了其初步生物活性与结构的关系     

RP-HPLC法测定中药茯苓皮中茯苓酸A和3-表去氢土莫酸的含量

目的：建立一种可用于评价茯苓皮药材质量的含量测定方法。方法：采用Dikma Dimonsal C18色谱柱（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）,以0.1％甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相,流速：1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长：243nm,柱温：25℃,用梯度洗脱法同时测定茯苓皮药材中茯苓酸A和3-表去氢土莫酸的含量。结果：测得茯苓酸A和3.表去氢土莫酸的线性范围分别为0.073-0.292g·L^-1（r=0.9997）和0.027—0.135g·L^-1（r=0.9999）;加样回收率分别为102.63％和98.88％。结论：该法能快速、准确地测定茯苓皮中两个活性成分的含量,为茯苓皮的质量控制提供了一个较好的检测方法。