侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的作用

用离体豚鼠气管条,探讨侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物对气管平滑肌作用。结果表明,侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物能抑制乙酰胆碱,氯化钾所致气管平滑肌收缩,而且能使乙酰胆碱收缩气管平没肌的量效曲线右移,并抑制最大效应,其作用为剂量依赖性心肌肥厚提示侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物松驰气管平滑肌作用机制可能与影响Ｃａ＾２＋的跨膜转运有关。     

长春花叶片愈伤组织诱导及培养过程中生物碱合成类型的变化和调节及有关酶的分析

在４种不同培养基上诱导长春花叶片愈伤组织发生的过程中,叶片中含量较高的文多灵（ｖｉｎｄｏｌｉｎｅ）和长春质碱（ｃａｔｈａｒａｎｔｈｉｎｅ）迅速降解至极低水平,而在叶片中含量较低的阿玛碱（ａｊ－ｍａｌｉｃｉｎｅ）和蛇根碱（ｓｅｒｐｅｎｔｉｎｅ）的合成却逐渐增加,同时酸性和碱性过氧化物酶（ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ）活性呈上升趋势,尤其碱性过氧化物酶与蛇根碱和阿玛碱的相关性较密切。光照和黑暗中的变化趋势基本一致,但光照可提高过氧化物酶的活性,对培养物的长春质碱、文多灵和蛇根碱的合成有利。不同的培养基对生物碱的合成影响较大,２,４－Ｄ显著抑制生物碱的合成,持续光照使愈伤组织的生长受到抑制,使阿玛碱向其蛇根碱转化。     

细菌L型感染现状与耐药分析

目的：提高感染性标本中细菌培养阳性率及促进合理用药。方法：采取了１８７０例住院患者的血、尿、脑脊液、胸腹水、胆汁等标本,进行常规与高渗同步培养,以及药敏试验。结果：高渗同步培养分离出Ｌ型细菌４２７株,而普通培养均为阴性,阳性率提高了２２８％,分离菌种达１１种;金黄色葡萄球菌在各类标本中感染率占首位,１９４４％;大肠杆菌占第２位,１６４％;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、Ｄ群肠球菌、酵母菌占第３位,分别为１１０％、１０７７％、１０３％;其它各种菌属均占有一定比例。分离出的细菌Ｌ型均对青霉素、头孢类抗生素高度耐药,对红霉素、氯霉素、庆大霉素、林可霉素呈低度耐药。结论：采取同步培养可提高细菌检测阳性率,为临床感染性疾病诊断和抗生素的合理使用提供了重要依据。     

异丙酚复合芬太尼维持麻醉对脑代谢的影响

观察异丙酚复合芬太尼维持麻醉对脑代谢的影响。方法： 择期手术病人８ 例, 芬太尼、硫贲妥钠、维库溴铵诱导插管, 静脉联接Ｇｒａｓｅｂｙ 微泵异丙酚８ ｍｇ／ （ｋｇ·ｈ） , 芬太尼１ μｇ／ （ｋｇ·ｈ）维持麻醉。连续监测ＭＡＰ、心电图、脉搏氧饱和度和呼气末二氧化碳分压, 同步采集动脉血和颈内静脉血作血气分析, 计算动－ 静脉氧含量差（Ｄａ － ｖＯ２） 和脑氧摄取率（ＥＲＯ２） 。结果： 异丙酚麻醉维持平稳, Ｄａ － ｖＯ２ 和ＥＲＯ２ 在给药３０ ｍｉｎ 、６０ ｍｉｎ 较气管插管后５ ｍｉｎ 无明显改变, 有平均动脉压下降和心动过缓。结论： 异丙酚复合芬太尼维持麻醉可保持脑氧供需平衡稳定。     

CAMs and FGF cause a local submembrane calcium signal promoting axon outgrowth without a rise in bulk calcium concentration

Binding of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and cell adhesion molecules to the nerve cell membrane promotes axon outgrowth. This response can be blocked by antagonists of voltage-gated calcium channels, yet no change of cytosolic calcium concentration in the growth cone can be detected upon binding of the growth factor bFGF or the cell adhesion molecule L1. Using barium as a charge carrier, we show that bFGF and L1 open a calcium influx pathway in growth cones of rat sensory neurons without changing the membrane voltage. L1 does not activate influx in cells expressing a dominant negative mutant of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase. FGFR-activated influx is blocked by specific antagonists of L- and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels and by an inhibitor of diacylglycerol lipase. We propose that both L1 and bFGF act via the FGFR to generate polyunsaturated fatty acids which in turn cause calcium channels to flicker open and shut. Short-lived domains of raised calcium at the cytosolic mouth of open channels activate axon outgrowth without raising bulk cytosolic calcium concentration. In confirmation of this model, the rapidly-acting calcium buffer BAPTA is significantly more effective at blocking FGF-induced axon outgrowth when compared with the slower buffer EGTA. Generation of short-lived calcium domains may provide a crucial mechanism for axon guidance during development and for promoting regeneration of damaged axons.     

不同温度诱导细菌L型的实验观察

目的：观察不同温度诱导细菌形成Ｌ型。方法：抗生素纸片诱导。以苯唑青霉素（每片４０μｇ）、羧苄青霉素（每片５００μｇ）在３７℃、３２℃及２８℃分别诱导金黄色葡萄球菌和福氏痢疾杆菌Ｌ型。结果：三种不同温度诱导细菌形成Ｌ型,其菌落特征、形态及染色性等均无差别。结论：抗生素诱导Ｌ型除３７℃外,３２℃和２８℃均可形成。为探讨Ｌ型可在自然界产生和存在是否与某些传染病流行和传播有关提供依据。     

木豆中牡荆甙与异牡荆甙的分离与鉴定

为进一步了解木豆（ＣａｊａｎｕｓｃａｊａｎＬ．Ｍｉｌｓｐ）嫩茎叶的化学成分,以溶剂法、结晶法及柱层析法从木豆中将牡荆甙（ｖｉｔｅｘｉｎ）与其异构体异牡荆甙（ｉｓｏｖｉｔｅｘｉｎ）分离,并以红外光谱法（ＩＲ）、紫外光谱法（ＵＶ）、质谱法（Ｍｓ）、１３Ｃ谱法（１３ＣＮＭＲ）、１Ｈ谱法（１ＨＮＭＲ）确定了两者的结构,其中异牡荆甙系首次从木豆中分得。     

Orbital infarction and melting in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

OBJECTIVE: To present a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed infarction and melting of the orbit secondary to her systemic disease. DESIGN: A case report. PARTICIPANT: A 61-year-old white woman with a 5-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus. METHODS: The patient presented with left orbital pain, limitation of extraocular movements, and a fistula from the ethmoid sinus to the upper eyelid. A detailed examination with computerized tomography, ultrasound, and a comprehensive medical evaluation with laboratory testing was performed. Histopathologic analysis with special stains of the orbital tissues was also performed. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination of the biopsy specimens revealed the features of an inflammatory process involving the orbit, similar to a panniculitis. These include a lymphocytic reaction with a predominance of plasma cells, vasculitis with occlusion, and thickening of the vessel walls, necrosis, and hyalinization of fat. CONCLUSION: This is a unique case in which infarction and melting of the entire orbital structures occurred in the presence of systemic lupus erythematosus. The underlying disease process is a lupus-related panniculitis. The authors stress that this is a very rare entity and that other diseases should be ruled out before entertaining this diagnosis.     

Radiation exposure: a new risk factor for idiopathic perifoveal telangiectasis

Objective

To examine the association between previous radiation exposure and idiopathic perifoveal telangiectasis (IPT).

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。