Phellinus linteus sensitises apoptosis induced by doxorubicin in prostate cancer

It has been demonstrated that the Phellinus linteus (PL) mushroom, which mainly consists of polysaccharides, possesses antitumour activity. The mechanisms of PL against malignant growth remain unknown. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) has been shown to induce apoptosis via initiating a caspase cascade. In this investigation, we tested the effect of PL on Dox-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. We showed that PL or Dox, at relatively low doses, does not induce apoptosis in the cells. However, combination treatment with low doses of PL and Dox results in a synergistic effect on the induction of apoptosis. In this apoptotic process, caspases 8, 3 and BID are cleaved, and the addition of caspase inhibitor z-VADfmk completely blocks apoptosis. In addition, JNK is activated in response to PL or the combination treatment in LNCaP cells. The suppression of JNK partially inhibits the induction of apoptosis elicited by the co-treatment. These findings indicate that PL has a synergistic effect with Dox to activate caspases in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Our study also suggests that PL has therapeutic potential to augment the magnitude of apoptosis induced by antiprostate cancer drugs.     

Ethanol Extract of Phellinus merrillii Protects against Diethylnitrosamine- and 2-Acetylaminofluorene-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

Objective: To study whether the ethanol extract of Phellinus merrillii (EPM) has chemopreventive potential against liver carcinogenesis. Methods: Thirty male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, EPM control group, hepatocarcinoma control group, low-dose EPM group and high-dose EPM group, 6 in each group. Using the Solt and Farber protocol in a rat model of hepatocarcinogenesis, the chemopreventive effect of EPM on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated, 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and partial hepatectomy (PH)-promoted liver carcinogenesis in rats was evaluated. Basic pathophysiological and histological examinations, together with the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (sGPT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) were measured. Results: Treatment of EPM at the concentration of 2 g/kg body weight in the diet for 8 weeks clearly prevented the development of carcinogenesis and reduced the levels of sGOT, sGPT, and serum γ-GT of rats as compared with the hepatocarcinoma control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). These phenotypes were accompanied by a significant increase in natural killer cell activity. Conclusion: EPM showed a strong liver preventive effect against DEN+2-AAF+PH-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in a rat model.     

木蹄复方体外抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的:筛选木蹄复方抗肿瘤活性提取物,初步分析其化学成分并观察其体外抗肿瘤效应.方法:常规水提和醇提的方法提取复方中水溶和醇溶性组分.MTT法测定木蹄复方水提取物(distilled water extract of compound Fomes fomentarius,WECF)和木蹄复方乙醇提取物(ethanol extract of compound F.fomentarius,EECF)对体外培养肿瘤细胞A549,Hela,QGY生长的抑制效应.系统预试法分析WECF化学组成.流式细胞术检测WECF对A549细胞凋亡的影响.结果:WECF对A549,Hela,QGY 3种细胞的IC50分别为(0.28±0.02),(0.40 ±0.06),(0.28±0.05) g·L-1;EECF对3种细胞的IC50分别为(0.50±0.04),(0.50±0.03),(0.60 ±0.06)g·L-1,WECF对肿瘤细胞的生长具有较强的抑制作用.WECF含有有机酸,氨基酸、多肽和蛋白质,糖、多糖和苷类,皂苷,内酯、香豆素及其苷类,植物甾醇、三萜成分以及挥发油和油脂,多糖含量为(16.1±0.5)％.WECF对A549,Hela,QGY,DU145,MDA-MB-435S,SGC-79016种细胞的IC50分别为0.29,0.45,0.32,0.32,0.83,0.23g·L-1; WECF 1 g·L-1作用于A549 24 h后,细胞凋亡率为22.0％.结论:WECF具有较强的体外抗肿瘤效果,对多种肿瘤细胞的生长具有非常明显的抑制作用,并可诱导A549细胞凋亡.     

响应面法优选桑黄总三萜的超声提取工艺

目的：优化桑黄总三萜的超声提取工艺。方法：在单因素试验基础上,根据中心组合试验设计原理,以乙醇浓度、超声时间、超声温度为考察因素,以总三萜得率为评价指标,利用响应面法优选工艺。结果：最佳提取工艺为采用70%乙醇作提取溶剂,料液比为1∶20（g/mL）,于60℃超声提取21min。在此最佳条件下,总三萜得率为9.80mg·g-1。结论：试验结果与模型预测值相符,表明优选的提取工艺合理、可行。     

药用桑黄总黄酮的提取工艺研究

目的：研究提取桑黄总黄酮的工艺。方法：以正交试验,采用超声辅助提取桑黄中总黄酮,以总黄酮提取率为指标。结果：超声法提取桑黄总黄酮为最佳工艺：其乙醇浓度为70%,料液比为1∶30（g/mL）,提取时间为20 min,颗粒粗细度为40~60目。结论：超声波法提取桑黄总黄酮提取率高,成本低廉,方法简单。     

不同药（食）用真菌固体发酵对黄芪中黄芪甲苷的影响

目的 研究黄芪经不同真菌固体发酵后黄芪甲苷的变化,为开发新型中药及其制剂提供参考。方法 选用灵芝、桑黄、姬松茸、香菇4种药（食）用真菌对黄芪进行固体发酵,用HPLC-ELSD法检测黄芪和4种黄芪固体发酵物中黄芪甲苷和异黄芪甲苷的量。结果 黄芪经4种真菌固体发酵后,黄芪甲苷均不同程度地转化成异黄芪甲苷。结论 在固体发酵过程中,药（食）用真菌将黄芪中黄芪甲苷主要转化为异黄芪甲苷,且转化率差异较大。     

泰国东北部产蘑菇Phellinus中总酚类化合物的DPPH自由基清除活性(英文)

AIM:To investigate the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content from the crude extracts and crude fractions of ten species of Phellinus mushrooms collected from northeast Thailand.METHODS:The samples were tested for their radical scavenging activity toward 2,2-diphenyl-1-pricylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical (DPPH method) and total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method).RESULTS:Some of the investigated extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity with the IC 50 ranging from (7.30±0.34) to (19.80±...     

Phellinone,a new furanone derivative from the<Emphasis Type="Italic">Phellinus linteus</Emphasis> KT&;G PL-2

Phellinone, a new furanone derivative, has been isolated from the stem-cooked rice culture broth of Phellinus linteus KT&GPL-2. Phellinone was purified by consecutive solvent partition, silica gel, preparative TLC and preparative HPLC. The structure of phellinone was assigned as a furanone derivative on the basis of various spectroscopic analyses, including Mass and NMR spectroscopies. Its molecular weight and formula were found to be 248 and C15H20O3, respectively, and showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis IAM 1090.     

Spontaneous regression of a large hepatocellular carcinoma with skull metastasis

Spontaneous regression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare phenomenon. This case of a 65-year-old Korean man with HCC and metastatic frontal bone mass that regressed after radiotherapy for frontal bone mass without any other therapeutic modalities is described. The clinical diagnosis of HCC was made because of the presence of a liver mass on abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, high serum alpha-fetoprotein value and tissue diagnosis on frontal bone biopsy. The patient refused any other recommended treatments, but accepted the radiation therapy due to a painful frontal bone mass, and ingested mushroom called Phellinus linteus for one and a half years. Ten months after radiation therapy, he experienced a reduction in size of the frontal bone mass and improvement of lesions in the liver, sternum and ribs. The patient is alive and in good condition without any symptoms or tumor aggravation in August 2002. It was concluded that a rare case of spontaneous regression of HCC had occurred.     

茶藨子木层孔菌多糖的体内抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 :探讨茶藨子木层孔菌多糖(PRP)的体内抗肿瘤作用。方法 :建立小鼠S180实体瘤模型,分为模型对照组、PRP实验低、中、高剂量组、PRP联合环磷酰胺组、环磷酰胺对照组,腹腔注射给药。测定小鼠肿瘤生长抑制率、脾脏指数和胸腺指数。结果:实验组中、高剂量时,PRP对小鼠的肿瘤抑制率分别为23.35%和34.46%,与模型组比较有显著性意义(P0.05和P0.01);在此剂量下,PRP可以提高荷瘤小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。PRP与环磷酰胺合用时抑瘤率有所提高,但差异不显著;合用时荷瘤小鼠脾脏指数和胸腺指数较环磷酰胺单独应用显著提高(P0.05)。结论:PRP具有显著免疫增强作用,对小鼠肿瘤具有一定的抑制作用,并可以改善环磷酰对荷瘤小鼠造成的免疫损伤。