Off-shore: A deconstruction of David Maclagan's and David Mann's ‘Inscape’ papers

Abstract

This paper is a response to two recent papers in The International Journal of Art Therapy: Inscape that set out positions in relation to art therapy theory. David Maclagan (2005) argues for the importance of ‘imagination’ in art therapy, and David Mann (2006) responds by defending a Freudian view of art therapy which he feels Maclagan has unfairly attacked on the grounds of it suppressing imagination. The view of this paper is that the arguments in both papers perpetuate the split in art therapy between an emphasis either on the art in art therapy or the therapy in art therapy, and in both cases this is because the authors neglect the significance of embodiment. An acceptance of ourselves as physical beings brings with it an awareness of context and of gender and therefore of political relations. The two papers are deconstructed to reveal that the suppression of the perceptual results in a perpetuation of the crystallisation of imagination rather than the releasing of it, which the authors are intending. The feminist philosopher and psychoanalyst Luce Irigaray's writings are used to propose a new way in which we might think about the relationship between art and talk in art therapy.     

Cerebellar Glioblastoma Multiforme in an Adult

Primary cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare tumor in adults that accounts for just 1% of all cases of GBM. Due to their rarity, cerebellar GBMs are not yet completely understood about the pathogenesis and the prognosis. Here, we present a case of GBM in a 69-year-old man. Neurologic examination revealed the presence of cerebellar signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 4.5 × 3.6 cm-sized, ill-defined, heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left cerebellum and two patchy hyperintense lesions in the right cerebellum with minimal enhancement. After operation, glioblastoma was histologically confirmed. Postoperative radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy was subsequently followed. Here, a case of unusual GBM in the cerebellum is reported with review of literature regarding the pathogenesis, the differential diagnosis and prognosis. There was no evidence of recurrence during postoperative one year. This patient showed a good prognosis in spite of the multiple lesions.     

Some unintended effects of teamwork in healthcare

Teamwork has been emphasised as a key feature of health service reform, essential for safe, efficient and patient-centred care. Bringing together literatures from the sociology of healthcare and organizational theory, we examine how the teamwork phenomenon plays out in practice. Drawing upon material from two ethnographic studies, conducted in an operating theatre and a medical-records department in separate UK NHS hospitals, we explore some of the discursive teamwork practices of healthcare staff. Our analysis presents a very different picture from the normative, evangelistic promotion of teamwork within much management and health policy writing. We reveal how the ambiguity of teamwork opens up opportunities for a complex, diverse range of responses to the managerial discourse among diverse occupational groups, mobilizing the discourse to enact identity in different ways. We highlight how teamwork discourse can be instrumentally co-opted in the reproduction of the very occupational divisions it is designed to ameliorate, or simply ignored as irrelevant when compared to more attractive forms of collective identity. These responses challenge both those who believe that teamwork is a solution to problems in healthcare, as well as those concerned about the oppressive effects of pervasive managerialism.     

原发性颅骨内脑膜瘤的诊断与治疗（附4例报告并文献复习）

目的探讨原发性颅骨内脑膜瘤的病理发生机制，诊断与治疗。方法4例原发性颅骨内脑膜瘤术前均进行了CT和／或MRI检查，随后均经显微外科治疗。术后均经过病理检查确诊，同时结合文献并对其发生机制、诊断和治疗进行讨论。结果4例颅骨内脑膜瘤均全切除，同时切除了其周围部分颅骨。病理检查显示，4例颅骨内脑膜瘤中，砂粒型2例，脑膜上皮型和恶性脑膜瘤各1例。结论颅骨内脑膜瘤的发生机制尚不完全清楚，但起源于胚胎脑发育期间残留的蛛网膜细胞可能性大，结合临床表现及CT、MRI检查一般可以诊断，但确诊需进行病理检查，手术治疗效果好。     

Explorations of the mean field theory learning algorithm

The mean field theory (MFT) learning algorithm is elaborated and explored with respect to a variety of tasks. MFT is benchmarked against the back-propagation learning algorithm (BP) on two different feature recognition problems: two-dimensional mirror symmetry and multidimensional statistical pattern classification. We find that while the two algorithms are very similar with respect to generalization properties, MFT normally requires a substantially smaller number of training epochs than BP. Since the MFT model is bidirectional, rather than feed-forward, its use can be extended naturally from purely functional mappings to a content addressable memory. A network with N visible and N hidden units can store up to approximately 4N patterns with good content-addressability. We stress an implementational advantage for MFT: it is natural for VLSI circuitry.     

Chronic subdural hematoma preceded by traumatic subdural hygroma

Patients with traumatic subdural hygroma (SDG) are at an increased risk of developing chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). However, the mechanism by which this occurs is still not fully understood. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of CSDH, as well as the relationship between CSDH and SDG. We review the pertinent literature and retrospectively examine a series of cases in which CSDH had been preceded by SDG to understand the natural history and developmental mechanisms of these lesions. We discuss the cases of 24 patients in whom CSDH developed from traumatic SDG between 2001 and 2005. Headache was the most common symptom, and the mean Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14.1. Increases in SDG volume were observed in CT scans of 17 patients, and increased density and volume was observed in five patients. The mean interval between the two diseases was 57.6 days, and 13 patients developed new symptoms after the development of CSDH. The most common symptoms at that time were headache and hemiparesis. All patients underwent an operation, which resulted in good recovery in all but one case. The cycle of persistent SDG, rebleeding, coagulation and fibrinolysis contributes to the development of CSDH from SDG. It is important to understand the natural history of CSDH and carefully follow up patients with head injury, especially if it is associated with SDG, and the potential for the development of CSDH should be considered.     

医学免疫学理论教学改革探索

针对目前医学免疫学理论教学的现状，采取一系列改革措施，提高教学质量，培养学生的综合素质。     

Ricoeur’s hermeneutic phenomenology: an implication for nursing research

Researchers and educators are increasingly implementing qualitative research methods to investigate issues of concern and interest. Hermeneutics has risen as an option for the qualitative research paradigm particularly after the 1970s. The precedence of the sciences that have applied hermeneutics as their approach to investigation is provided with special reference to nursing. In the nursing science, hermeneutics have been used extensively as a qualitative research method to investigate a variety of issues, through the lived experiences of the participants. In this paper, we introduce important aspects of the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur and we discuss the reasons why we have applied this approach in our study titled ‘Quality Nursing Care: perspectives of patients with cancer and the nursing response’. The arguments that are presented here can be generalised to fit other areas of Nursing Science. Through this paper our aim is not only to familiarise the reader with Ricoeur’s work, but also to arrive at an appreciation of his philosophy as a methodological approach for future nursing research.     

A case of posterior reversible encephalopathy during polyarteritis nodosa vasculitis

Posterior reversible encephalopathy is a distinctive syndrome associated with different diseases and drugs. Disease evolution is frequently favorable with an adequate treatment. Damage typically involves parietal-occipital lobes even if a more anterior diffusion has been described. Here, we report the case of a woman affected by Polyarteritis Nodosa, who suddenly complicated with decreased consciousness and seizures, during an acute hypertensive state. MRI imaging showed increased T2 and FLAIR signal in posterior regions. Her neurological evolution was positive, according to arterial pressure correction, although the systemic vasculitis was still ongoing, hence affecting final prognosis.     

我国国有医院产权改革若干理论问题分析

在当前国有医院产权改革产生较大争论的背景下,介绍了马克思和制度经济学的一般理论,分析了政府退出机制、改革的诱致性和强制性特征.讨论了国有医院产权改革的理论难题.