当归标准汤剂HPLC指纹图谱及多指标成分定量研究

目的建立当归标准汤剂HPLC指纹图谱,为当归标准汤剂质量控制提供依据。方法采用HPLC法建立15批当归标准汤剂指纹图谱,采用相似度评价结合聚类分析(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)等模式识别技术探讨影响当归标准汤剂质量的主要色谱峰,并同时测定这些主要色谱峰中阿魏酸、洋川芎内酯H、洋川芎内酯I、藁本内酯及色氨酸的含量。色谱条件为色谱柱Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,体积流量1.2 mL/min,检测波长280 nm,柱温35℃。结果建立的当归标准汤剂HPLC指纹图谱共标定出17个共有峰,15批样品相似度在0.788～0.983;CA、PCA将样品大致分为3类,结合PLS-DA,筛选出7个标志性化合物,其中指认出阿魏酸(8号峰)、藁本内酯(17号峰)、洋川芎内酯I(10号峰)、洋川芎内酯H(12号峰)。定量分析条件通过方法学验证,平均加样回收率为99.43%～104.35%。15批样品中阿魏酸为0.041%～5.596%、洋川芎内酯H为0.026%～1.583%、洋川芎内酯I为0.201%～6.461%、藁本内酯为0.126%～4.942%、色氨酸含为0.481%～2.753%。结论建立的分析方法稳定可靠,重复性好,为当归标准汤剂及其相关制剂的质量评价提供参考。     

近红外光谱快速预测天舒片包衣终点研究

目的应用近红外光谱(NIRS)技术快速预测天舒片薄膜包衣终点。方法首先,采用组合间隔偏最小二乘法(synergy intervalpartialleastsquare,si PLS)优选建模区间,并对预处理方法进行筛选;其次,根据优选的建模条件,基于建立的参考光谱库,采用一致性检验和相似度匹配建立校正模型;随后,通过对比测试光谱与参考光谱间的相似度大小,设定阈值,确定相似度、阈值与包衣终点的关系;最后,采用验证集光谱对模型性能进行验证。结果在包衣过程中,当连续多条测试光谱的相似度超过阈值时,指示为包衣终点。结论一致性检验和相似度匹配模型性能良好,能够敏锐地反映包衣薄膜的均匀性,并准确预测包衣终点。该研究对减小包衣的批间差异性和降低原料损耗,提高中药固体制剂的包衣生产效率和提升质量均一性具有重要意义。     

后腹腔镜单侧肾上腺全切除术和部分切除术对患者反应速度影响的研究

目的 探讨经后腹腔腹腔镜单侧肾上腺全切除及部分切除术后对机体反应速度的影响.方法 收集2015年8月至2017年5月我院收治的醛固酮瘤患者56例,其中女34例,男22例,年龄21~60岁;34例行单侧肾上腺全切术,22例行单侧肾上腺部分切除术.采取直尺垂直下降法测量并比较患者术前与术后3 d、术后1个月、术后3个月的反应速度.结果 56例患者术后随访均无肿瘤复发,56例患者术后3个月内反应速度均较术前慢(P<0.05),但术后3个月开始单侧肾上腺部分切除组反应速度较单侧肾上腺全切组快,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 单侧肾上腺切除术后对患者反应速度有影响,且单侧肾上腺全切较肾上腺部分切除影响大.但由于本研究病例数较少、随访时间较短,具体影响程度及机制有待进一步随访研究.     

Horizontal traumatic laceration of the pancreas head: A rare case report

IntroductionThis case report is intended to inform acute care surgeons about treating rare horizontal laceration of the pancreas head caused by blunt trauma.Case presentationA 57-year-old woman who sustained blunt abdominal trauma during a car crash was transported to the emergency center of our hospital with unstable vital signs due to hemorrhagic shock. Computed tomography showed transection of the pancreas head and massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage. She was referred for emergency surgery because of a transient response. Laparotomy at five hours after the accident initially revealed consistent massive bleeding from branches of the superior mesenteric artery and vein, which we resolved by suturing the vessels without damaging the main trunks. A horizontal laceration and complete transection of the pancreatic head were then confirmed but the main pancreatic duct remained intact. The lower part of the pancreatic head including the uncus with the attached part of the duodenum was resected, and the pancreatic stump remaining after transection was fixed by suturing. The jejunal limb was attached to the remnant duodenum by side-to-side functional anastomosis. Although gastric emptying was delayed for one month after surgery, the postoperative course was good and the patient recovered at three months thereafter. The embryonic border of pancreas head accompanied with pancreatic divisum was considered for this laceration without disruption of the main pancreatic duct.DiscussionBlunt pancreatic trauma usually causes vertical transection and thus, horizontal transection is considered rare. The embryological anatomical border between the ventral and dorsal pancreas due to pancreatic divisum was supposed to be transected and therefore the main pancreatic duct was not damaged.ConclusionHemorrhagic shock and rare pancreatic head trauma were treated by appropriate intraoperative management.     

Laparoscopic partial splenectomy for congenital splenic cyst in a pediatric patient: Case report and review of literature

Non-parasitic splenic cysts (NPSC) are a rare condition that makes difficult to know their true incidence and represent 10% of all benign splenic cysts, they can be either congenital with the presence of epithelial lining that originate from invagination of the capsular mesothelial lining or post-traumatic with absence of epithelial lining. We present our management of a splenic congenital cyst in a pediatric patient. A 10-year-old female patient presented to the clinic complaining with a 3-week abdominal pain at the left upper quadrant. An ultrasound showed an enlarged spleen with a thinned walled cystic image on the lower pole of 5 cm. An abdominal CT confirmed the presence of a splenic cyst at the lower pole of the spleen of 5 cm in diameter. Three-port laparoscopic partial splenectomy was done isolating and dividing the lower splenic artery and vein and the lower pole of the spleen with a vessel sealing device. Management of a non-parasitic splenic cyst is controversial: cystectomy, fenestration, percutaneous drainage and sclerotherapy have been previously described, most of them aiming to preserve spleen function and avoiding overwhelming post-splenectomy infection. Partial splenectomy seems the most effective one in terms of preserving spleen function and avoiding recurrence.     

A prospective,multicenter analysis of pseudocapsule characteristics: Do all stages of renal cell carcinoma have complete pseudocapsules?

Objectives

To assess the characteristics of pseudocapsule (PC) in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by analyzing the rates of completeness of PC and pseudocapsular invasion and clinical and pathological risk factors of it.

Functional and cosmetic outcome of partial penile disassembly repair in isolated male epispadias patients

Introduction

Epispadias is a rare congenital anomaly and requires a carefully constructed and well-planned approach for the management. Modified Cantwell-Ransley technique and Mitchell's complete penile disassembly are commonly used technique and these may require multiple surgeries in majority of the patients to achieve the goals of cosmesis and continence.

Cryoablation versus Partial Nephrectomy for Clinical T1b Renal Tumors: A Matched Group Comparative Analysis

Background

The traditional treatment for a cT1b renal tumor has been radical nephrectomy. However, recent guidelines have shifted towards partial nephrectomy (PN) in selected patients with cT1b renal tumors. Furthermore, practitioners have extended the role of cryoablation (CA) to treat cT1b tumors in selected patients.

基于高分辨液质联用技术的不同产地鲜丹参药材品质分析

目的分析不同产地新鲜丹参中主要活性成分含量,合理评价鲜丹参药材品质。方法采用LTQ-Orbitrap XL高分辨质谱仪测定全国7个不同产地新鲜丹参中5个丹酚酸类和12个丹参酮类成分。在此基础上,进行主成分分析(PCA)和最小二乘法分析(PLS)。结果同一产地新鲜丹参主要活性成分的含量基本一致,不同产地新鲜丹参主要活性成分的含量差异显著;其中,湖北产区丹参的丹酚酸类成分含量最高,四川和河南产区丹参的丹参酮I和丹参酮IIA成分含量最高;PCA和PLS分析显示,大部分活性成分的含量分布具有明显的产地特异性。结论不同产地新鲜丹参质量差异显著并具有较显著的产地特异性,以新鲜丹参药材作为品质评价材料,是现今基于干药材为品质评价原料研究方法的有益补充,为更全面综合的评价丹参及其他中药材探索了新的研究途径。     

珍珠透骨草HPLC指纹图谱及抗炎活性的谱效关系

目的:建立珍珠透骨草药材的HPLC指纹图谱,并研究其与抗炎活性之间的谱效关系。方法:采用HPLC法建立珍珠透骨草的指纹图谱;在相似度评价基础上,结合聚类分析(HCA)和主成分分析(PCA),对其中的共有峰进行评价;建立二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型考察珍珠透骨草的抗炎活性,灰色关联度分析(GRA)和偏最小二乘回归分析(PLSR)研究谱效关系。结果:建立了珍珠透骨草的HPLC指纹图谱,确定了其中24个色谱峰为共有峰,相似度除了S2和S5,均在0. 907以上,通过对照品比对法指认了其中4个峰。HCA结果表明,全部样品被聚为四类,与PCA结果基本一致,结合偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)发现,5,6和7号峰为造成珍珠透骨草样品组间差异的3个标志性化合物。不同来源的珍珠透骨草药材均有不同程度的抗炎活性,谱效关系表明,1,4,5,6和10号峰是与抗炎活性关联较大的正相关峰。结论:建立了珍珠透骨草药材的HPLC指纹图谱,并确定1,4,5,6和10号峰为5个与抗炎活性密切相关的成分,为药材质量控制提供更全面的参考。