The use of a biodegradable collagen/vicryl composite membrane to repair partial nephrectomy in rabbits

Summary A composite membrane produced from collagen and vicryl mesh has been used to cover the kidney surface following partial nephrectomy in rabbits. The membrane readily held sutures, gave satisfactory haemostasis, and prevented leakage of urine. The experiments showed that the prosthesis biodegraded in less than twenty weeks. The only observed long-term effect of the material was thickening of the renal capsule. The results indicate that this membrane may be a suitable reparative materal for use in traumatised kidneys in humans.     

药代动力学参数的计算机拟合及统计学评价

以残数法计算药代参数时,模型的选择可因主观影响,误差大,结果不恒定。我们在APPLEⅡ型微电脑上,采用非线性最小二乘法编程,大大提高了参数估计的精度,同时可对房室模型选择提供客观依据,并对参数作出统计学评价。程序采用菜单式结构,包括血管内、外各种模型,具有数据存取和较强的作图功能。     

Fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in recurrent rectal cancer: relation to tumour size and cellularity

The aim of this study was to assess the value of fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography in patients with recurrent rectal cancer, in relation to tumour size and cellularity. Thirty-seven patients (21 mean and 16 women; mean age, 55.4±9.58 years) with suspected recurrence of rectal cancer were studied. FDG uptake was quantified by the differential absorption ratio (DAR). In 29 patients magnetic resonance imaging was also performed. To evaluate the signal intensity of the lesion, the lesion to muscle signal intensity ratios (SIR) were calculated on T2-weighted images. In seven patients who received surgical treatment the DAR and SIR were compared with the tumour cellularity. All 32 patients with confirmed recurrence showed increased FDG accumulation in the mass (DAR=4.57±1.89) in comparison with low FDG accumulation in five patients with scar (DAR=1.17±0.43). There was a significant correlation (r=0.661,P<0.001) between the DAR and the tumour diameter. There was no correlation between the DAR and SIR, whereas there was a significant correlation (r=0.565,P<0.01) between the DAR corrected using count recovery coefficient (DAR^*) and SIR. In the histopathological findings there was a tendency for the DAR^* and SIR to correlate with tumour cellularity. It is concluded that the DAR of recurrent rectal cancer should be evaluated taking into consideration the tumour size and cellularity.     

改良髌骨部分切除术生物力学实验与初步临床报道

作者通过５条下肢的体外力学测试，研究了髌骨部分切除、髌韧带重新附丽的部位对膝关节完全伸直时所需股四头肌力的影响，并测试了钢丝（直径０．４ｍｍ、双股）附丽髌韧带的最大固定力量。实验结果证明髌骨下１／４切除，髌韧带附丽贴近髌骨前面骨皮质对膝关节完全伸直时所需股四头肌力无显著影响（ｐ＞０．０５）髌骨下１／４切除、髌韧带附丽贴近关节软骨面将显著增大膝关节完全伸直时所需股四头肌力（ｐ＜０．００１）；钢丝附丽髌韧带的最大固定力量为６７．４ｋｇ（６０．９～７２．５ｋｇ）。我科自１９９２年１０月以来，采用髌骨部分切除、钢丝重新附丽髌韧带贴近髌骨前面骨皮质的改良方法治疗髌骨上、下极骨折１３例，按陆裕朴的评定标准，优良率达１００％。文中讨论了该术式的手术方法、手术时机、指征及术后处理。     

应用电子计算机预测老年硬膜外麻醉后血气变化的探讨

本文根据我们已总结的31例65岁以上老年人硬膜外麻醉前的血气变化及术前心肺功能、麻药量等已知条件,通过电子计算机对其进行分析,求出了预测麻醉中4项血气变化的计算公式。这4个计算公式的复相关系数均在0.8以上,说明有较高的精度。此法运算简便迅速,准确度比较满意,具有临床中实用的价值。     

核素肝脾显像评估部分性脾栓塞术疗效

目的探讨核素肝脾显像在评估部分性脾栓塞术（ＰＳＥ）疗效中的价值。方法对２０例肝硬化脾功能亢进病人ＰＳＥ治疗前后进行放射性核素肝脾显像。应用感兴趣区技术测定肝、脾区活性，计算脾栓塞分数（ＦＳＥ），并对ＦＳＥ与疗效及并发症间的关系进行相关分析。结果随着ＦＳＥ的增高，术后发热时间延长；术后白细胞和血小板等明显恢复，且与ＦＳＥ有明显的相关关系，ｒ分别为０６３８（Ｐ＜００５）和０８５６（Ｐ＜００１）。５例术后出现并发症的病人ＦＳＥ均在７０％以上。结论核素肝脾显像定量测定ＦＳＥ简便易行，可为临床医师准确掌握部分性脾栓塞体积和评估疗效等提供较可靠的客观依据；ＦＳＥ控制在４０％～７０％时ＰＳＥ治疗可取得较满意的疗效。     

Chlorpromazine versus sleep deprivation in activation of EEG in adult-onset partial epilepsy

We prospectively compared the activating effect of chlorpromazine (CHLP, 50mg, i.m.) versus sleep deprivation (SD) in 41 patients with a clinical diagnosis of partial epilepsy. Patients were selected on the basis of both seizure onset in adulthood and normal interictal awake EEG recordings. Twenty out of 41 patients (group A) were not yet treated because of either recent onset of epilepsy or misdiagnosis. The remaining 21 patients (group B) were treated with antiepileptic drugs (AED). A control group consisted of 18 healthy volunteers (group C). All EEG recordings were scored by one observer according to a fixed protocol. In group A, SD and CHLP activated sleep EEG in 12 (60%) and 19 (95%) patients, respectively. This difference reached the limit of statistical significance (P=0.05, McNe-mar test). In group B, SD and CHLP activated sleep EEG in 12 (57%) and 13 (62%) patients respectively. There was a significant (P<0.02, exact Fisher test) intergroup difference (95% vs 62%) with respect to the activating effect of CHLP No false-positive results were found in 18 control subjects. SD or CHLP activating procedures did not provoke any epileptic seizures in any of the groups. In conclusion, EEG activation by either SD or CHLP is highly specific in the diagnosis of adult-onset partial epilepsy. Moreover, CHLP is more sensitive than SD in untreated patients, whereas the activating effect of CHLP may be partially attenuated by AED.     

部分性脾动脉栓塞对肝硬化门静脉高压血流动力学的影响

门静脉高压症是临床多发并发症,常继发于肝硬化,其主要表现为脾肿大,侧支循环的建立和腹水,同时亦可引起脾功能亢进.大量临床研究报道,部分性脾栓塞（PSE）是治疗门静脉高压症的一种有效方法.本文总结了近年来门脉高压症、脾肿大的发病机制,分析了门脉高压与脾脏的血流动力学关系,从门静脉高压症的发病机制及脾脏与门静脉高压症的发生、发展的密切关系出发,进一步总结了PSE对脾脏及门静脉血流动力学影响的机制.     

Transient Global Amnesia as a Postictal State from Recurrent Partial Seizures

A 60-year-old patient had a 3-year history of recurrent memory disturbances. The video electroencephalographic (EEG) recording of one attack showed that the amnesic state, which clinically resembled transient global amnesia, was characterized by a normal EEG tracing followed by electroclinical complex partial seizures. We suggest that "epileptic" transient global amnesia is postictal in nature.     

Pulsatile tinnitus and carotid artery dissection

Carotid artery dissection is an uncommon entity associated with head and neck pain, partial Horner’s syndrome, amaurosis fugax, and brain ischemia, which may all occur in isolation or in combination. Herein, we report a rare case of cervical artery dissection in which pulsatile tinnitus was the only reported symptom. A 38-years-old man attended our hospital with a 4-days history of left side pulsatile tinnitus which began after stumbling. He had no other symptom. MRA showed luminal stenosis with pseudo lumen of the internal carotid artery. The patient was diagnosed with left internal carotid artery dissection and treated with antihypertensive therapy accordingly. After 2 months, the stenosis and tinnitus spontaneously resolved.