Effectiveness of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and phosphate on bone cells in Paget's disease

In two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and Paget's disease, measurement of biochemical variables and quantitative histology showed that calcitonin plus oral phosphate therapy induced a dramatic decrease in serum calcium and in osteoclast count and osteoclastic surface in bone, contrasting with a substantial increase in serum phosphate and in osteoblastic surface in bone. Removal of the adenomas was followed by a two- to threefold increase in the osteoblastic surface. In one patient in whom only the right ilium was pagetic, biopsy specimens obtained from both iliums revealed that calcitonin plus phosphate therapy had a greater effect on the pagetic bone cells and that adenomectomy (A-PTX) had a greater effect on the normal bone cells. In addition the increased number of nuclei per osteoclast in the pagetic bone decreased after calcitonin plus phosphate therapy but remained unchanged after A-PTX. A positive correlation was found between the size of the preexisting pool of osteoclast nuclei and the appearance of osteoblasts after calcitonin administration or PTH suppression, suggesting that the osteoclasts are the immediate precursors of the osteoblasts.     

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛在骨科下肢手术中的应用

目的观察帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛对不同年龄骨科下肢手术患者的镇痛效果。方法选择在该院接受治疗的骨科下肢择期手术患者80例为研究对象,根据年龄分为A组与B组,再按帕瑞昔布钠使用时间进一步分为A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3组,A1、B1组：术前30 min给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A2、B2组：手术结束后给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静脉推注;A3、B3组：在术前、术后均不使用帕瑞昔布钠,观察两组的疼痛程度（VAS评分）、镇静深度（RSS评分）等。结果使用帕瑞昔布钠比未使用帕瑞昔布钠的术后VAS评分要低;帕瑞昔布钠使用总量比较A1组0.05）。结论在骨科下肢手术中利用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛,具有良好的临床效果,对于成年、老年患者,超前使用帕瑞昔布钠镇痛效果更佳。     

接种解有机磷细菌对滇重楼品质及土壤肥力的影响

目的 研究接种不同解有机磷细菌或复合菌对滇重楼药材品质及根际土壤肥力的影响，为滇重楼人工栽培中生物菌肥的研制和施用提供参考。方法 采用单因素室内盆栽的方式，试验设空白（CK）组、接种Bacillus mycoides（S1）组、接种B. wiedmannii（S2）组、接种B. proteolyticus（S3）组、接种B. mycoides和B. wiedmannii（S4）组、接种菌株B. mycoides和B. proteolyticus（S5）组、接种B. wiedmannii和B. proteolyticus（S6）组、接种B. mycoides、B. wiedmannii和B. proteolyticus（S7）组8个处理，分析接种解有机磷细菌对滇重楼根茎总皂苷含量及根际土壤中微生物数量、酶活性和养分含量影响。结果 接种解有机磷细菌的7个处理中，滇重楼根茎总皂苷含量与CK组比较分别增加了16.42%、3.83%、16.86%、33.69%、2.11%、13.44%、28.83%；接种解有机磷细菌均不同程度增加了土壤微生物数量，以S6和S7组的效果最为显著；接种解有机磷细菌提高了酶活性，以S7组效果最为显著，酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶的活性分别比CK组高49.96%、104.67%、110.17%、99.61%、26.26%、11.29%；接种解有机磷细菌降低了根际土壤pH，提高了土壤速效养分含量，S7组处理下，滇重楼根际土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别比CK组高181.46%、51.64%、42.62%；相关性分析表明，总皂苷与磷酸酶活性之间呈显著正相关，土壤微生物与土壤酶活性呈显著正相关，土壤各种养分之间呈极显著正相关。结论 接种不同解有机磷细菌或复合菌能提高滇重楼品质和根际土壤肥力，其中以混合接种3种解有机磷细菌效果最佳。     

血清芽管实验检测白假丝酵母菌的药物敏感性

目的了解泌尿生殖道感染白假丝酵母菌对黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花和氟康唑注射液的敏感性,为临床有效控制其感染提供依据。方法采用白假丝酵母菌芽管药敏试验法,测定黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液对从泌尿生殖道感染标本中分离出的52株白假丝酵母菌芽管的最低抑制浓度。结果黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液,在一定的浓度下对泌尿生殖道感染白假丝酵母菌芽管有明显的抑制作用,其抑制芽管的最低浓度分别为1.25,5,2.5 mg/ml和0.125 mg/ml。结论白假丝酵母菌芽管药敏试验法,可为临床快速筛选敏感药物;黄连、黄芩、七叶一枝花的50%乙醇提取物和氟康唑注射液对白假丝酵母菌有较好的抗菌活性。     

蚤休水提液对ApoE 基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化晚期斑块的影响

目的研究蚤休水提液对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(ApoE-/-)晚期斑块的影响。方法将30周龄的ApoE基因敲除小鼠分为三组,两实验组分别在小鼠正常饲料中添加蚤休水提液和药物辛伐他汀粉末,空白对照组喂饲小鼠正常饲料。结果蚤休水提液能显著降低小鼠血清的总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,同时减少无名动脉处的斑块面积,降低斑块中基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP-1)的含量。结论蚤休水提液能抑制小鼠动脉粥样硬化晚期斑块的进一步的发展。     

Plasma levels, half-life values, and correlation with physiologic assays for growth and immunity

To assess the gonadal effects of chlorambucil given to prepubertal and pubertal boys, testicular function of 21 adolescents or young men, treated with chlorambucil for nephrotic syndrome before or during puberty, have been evaluated. Evaluations have been based on penis and testicular size, serum FSH, LH and testosterone values, and sperm count. Nine patients have testicular hypotrophy, 13 have significantly elevated FSH, 17 have azoospermia, two have severe oligospermia, and repetitive sperm counts show no improvement. A quiescent state of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules does not protect against chlorambucil toxicity, which seems to be related to the cumulative dose. Chlorambucil should be used with caution, even in children.     

Chemokinetic activity of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine on human neutrophils, and its modulation by phenylbutazone

Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is known to inhibit the oriented migration of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and to protect these cells against the deactivation caused by their prior incubation with FMLP. To gain insight into the mechanism of these effects, we measured the oriented PMN migration under agarose induced, in the presence and absence of PBZ, by FMLP, zymosan-activated serum and Klebsiella pneumoniae culture supernatant. The two components of this migration, i.e. the speed (chemokinesis), and direction of locomotion (chemotaxis), were also assessed. At concentrations ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M, FMLP displayed similar chemotactic activity but the speed of PMN locomotion was maximal for 10(-7) M, and lower for concentrations above and below this level. Oriented migration was proportional to the mean cell locomotion speed during the experiments. PBZ inhibited both the oriented migration and locomotion speed induced by 10(-7) M FMLP, but did not affect its chemotactic activity. At concentrations of 10(-6) and 10(-5) M, PBZ increased oriented migration and locomotion speed, again without influencing FMLP chemotactic activity. Oriented migration induced by zymosan-activated serum was not affected by PBZ but the migration induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae culture supernatant diminished slightly. These results demonstrate that PBZ modulates the chemokinetic effect of FMLP on PMNs and thus alters oriented PMN migration.