Development of the cerebellar body in sharks: spatiotemporal relations of Pax6 expression, cell proliferation and differentiation

We have studied the patterns of cell proliferation, regional organization and differentiation in the cerebellar body of embryos and juveniles of two shark species by immunohistochemistry with antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Pax6, reelin (RELN), GABA, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and calretinin (CR). The organization of Pax6-expressing cells was also studied by in situ hybridization. Our results reveal that a transient secondary matrix zone, the external germinal layer, is formed in sharks at early stages of cerebellar development and is the source of the earliest Pax6-expressing (granule) cells. Later in development, new granule Pax6-expressing cells arise from medial proliferation zones and accumulate medially in the granular eminences. The GABAergic components appear very early, and show clear regional differences. The medial proliferation zones remain active even in adults. Taken together, the proliferation and differentiation markers used in the present study highlight striking similarities during development between the cerebellar body of elasmobranchs and the cerebella of tetrapods. These results show the importance of elasmobranch models to reconstruct the evolutionary developmental history of the vertebrate cerebellum.     

PCNA和Caspase-3在初复发尖锐湿疣组织中的表达

采用免疫组化SP法分别检测36例初发性尖锐湿疣(CA)患者、32例复发性CA患者和10例正常包皮组织角质形成细胞PCNA、Caspase-3蛋白的表达.复发性CA患者标本角质形成细胞PCNA表达水平明显高于初发性CA患者标本角质形成细胞的表达水平,Caspase-3在初发性与复发性CA患者标本角质形成细胞表达水平比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).正常对照组标本角质形成细胞PCNA及Caspase-3的表达水平均明显低于初发性与复发性CA患者标本角质形成细胞的表达水平(P<0.05).PCNA的表达上调可能参与了CA的复发,Caspase-3的表达与CA复发无关.     

PCNA和Ki-67在涎腺良、恶性多形性腺瘤中的表达及意义

目的:研究涎腺良、恶性多形性腺瘤的临床病理特点,生物学行为及细胞增殖活性,为其临床诊断及预后评估提供依据.方法:对114例涎腺良、恶性多形性腺瘤进行回顾性分析,对其中20例多形性腺瘤、9例多形性腺瘤生长活跃型及9例恶性多形性腺瘤采用SABC和LSAB免疫组化法观察增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和增殖细胞核相关抗原(Ki-67)的表达和分布.结果:恶性多形性腺瘤的PCNA及Ki-67表达水平显著高于多形性腺瘤及多形性腺瘤生长活跃型,其PI值较后二者差异有显著性(P<0.01);良性多形性腺瘤的复发组PCNA和Ki-67的表达明显高于原发组,二者之间有显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:PCNA和Ki-67检测在判断多形性腺瘤恶性增殖方面有重要意义,对良性多形性腺瘤复发预测有重要的参考价值.     

乳腺癌组织p27Kip1的表达及其与细胞增殖的关系

目的:研究乳腺癌组织中细胞周期抑制剂p27Kip1的表达及其意义,并探讨其与细胞增殖的关系.方法:应用免疫组化SP法检测80例乳腺癌和20例癌旁正常组织中p27Kip1和增殖细胞核抗原(pro-liferative cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)的表达.结果:乳腺癌组织中p27Kip1高表达率为53.75%(43/80),明显低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.01).p27Kip1表达与组织学分级、TNM分期及淋巴结转移均相关,P<0.05.乳腺癌组织中p27Kip1的表达与PCNA LI呈负相关,r=-0.372,P<0.05.p27Kip1高表达的乳腺癌术后5年无病生存率(DFS)明显高于p27Kip1低表达者(P<0.05).结论:p27Kip1表达缺失可促进肿瘤细胞增殖,是判断乳腺癌发生、发展及预后的有效生物学指标.     

Synergistic effects of acyclic retinoid and gemcitabine on growth inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells

Pancreatic cancer is a serious healthcare problem worldwide because of its high mortality. Gemcitabine, a DNA synthesis inhibitor, is the standard first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer and is also expected as a key drug for the combination therapy of this malignancy. Retinoids, which are derivatives of vitamin A, exert anti-tumor effects in various types of human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. This study examined whether combination therapy with gemcitabine and acyclic retinoid (ACR), a new synthetic retinoid, had enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in pancreatic cancer. ACR, 9-cis-retinoic acid and gemcitabine preferentially inhibited the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1 and KP-2) in comparison to PE normal human pancreatic epithelial cells. The combination of ACR plus gemcitabine synergistically inhibited the growth of Panc-1 cells. The combined treatment with these two agents also acted synergistically to induce apoptosis and to inhibit Ras activation in these cancer cells. In vivo, the combination therapy augmented tumor growth inhibition through the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation in tumor tissue. These results suggest that the combination of ACR plus gemcitabine may therefore be an effective regimen for the chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.     

胸腔积液脱落细胞PCNAmRNA检测在肺癌临床诊断中的价值

目的探讨脱落细胞增殖细胞核抗原PCNAmRNA的检测在肺癌临床诊断中的价值。方法对48例肺癌、40例良性胸腔积液疾病患者,采用RT—PCR法检测胸腔积液脱落细胞PCNAmRNA,并与胸腔积液细胞学检查结果比较。结果PCNAmRNA检测对肺癌诊断的特异性为73．40％,低于胸腔积液脱落细胞学检测的91．34％,P〈0．05,敏感性为100．00％,高于胸腔积液脱落细胞学检测的83．33％,P〈0．05。肺癌及良性胸腔积液脱落细胞PCNAmRNA阳性强度分别为0．7236±0．0104、0．3352±0．0108,两者比较有显著性差异,P〈0．05。胸腔积液脱落细胞PCNAmRNA阳性强度随肺癌分级增加而增强,P〈0．05,与肺癌组织学类型及分化程度无关。结论胸腔积液脱落细胞PCNAmRNA的检测,在肺癌早期诊断、常规筛查以及术后复发监测中具有潜在的应用价值。     

Ki67和PCNA在胃癌中的表达及其临床诊断价值

目的 分析Ki67和PCNA在慢性胃炎组织、上皮内瘤变组织及癌组织中表达的差异,并评价其临床诊断价值.方法 用免疫组织化学方法检测所有标本Ki67及PCNA的表达,其中胃癌27例,慢性胃炎30例,低级别上皮内瘤变32例,高级别上皮内瘤变19例.结果 Ki67与PCNA在慢性胃炎组、低级别上皮内瘤变组、高级别上皮内瘤变组、胃癌组的阳性表达率呈明显递增关系.随着病变加重,强阳性表达显著增多,差异有显著性（P〈0.001）,随着病变加重,阳性表达范围逐渐增大.结论 Ki67和PCNA反映了胃七皮细胞在癌变过程中细胞增殖活性的改变.增殖活性的改变与癌变过程密切相关.检测Ki67和PCNA可作为预测癌变的观察指标.     

前列腺癌p21CIP1/WAF1、Rb及PCNA的表达及意义

目的研究p21^CIP1/WAF1、Rb及PCNA在人前列腺癌标本中的表达及三者相关性,阐述它们与前列腺癌病理分级及临床分期的关系。方法收集36例确诊前列腺癌石蜡包埋存档标本作为研究对象,采用免疫组化SABC法对其p21^CIP1/WAF1、Rb及PCNA进行检测,并应用图象分析仪判定,统计学处理,对前列腺癌的病理分级及临床分期进行了对比分析及相关性研究。结果p21^CIP1/WAF1、Rb及PCNA的免疫组化阳性染色为棕黄色和／或棕褐色,定位于细胞浆或细胞核。所得数据均经统计学处理。在不同病理分级、临床分期之间差异均有显著性,同时还发现PCNA与p21^CIP1/WAF1及Rb之间存在显著负相关性。但未发现p21^CIP1/WAF1、与Rb有显著相关性。结论p21^CIP1/WAF1、Rb表达与前列腺癌组织的病理分级、临床分期呈负相关性,在发病机制中可能涉及到p21^CIP1/WAF1、Rb和PCNA凋节通路的异常。同时,作为一种检测方法,可用于判定前列腺癌恶性程度及进程的有价值的指标,对诊治康复也可提供有意义的帮助。