Dietary behaviour of an adolescent French male population

The dietary history method was used to determine the total energy and macronutrient intake, the distribution of daily energy from the different meals and the energy contribution of various food groups, in a population of 299 boys, aged between 10 and 15 years. The effects of age, the social status of the father (SPS), the ponderal index, the importance of breakfast or lunch, and the level of energy intake on dietary indicators, were studied. In our population, energy intake increased with increasing age but the energy contribution of macronutrients did not vary. The diet of boys whose fathers were in the upper SPS classes differed from the diet of those boys whose fathers were manual workers: for example they consumed less energy and pastries, but more animal protein (in percentage of energy intake), more dairy products, and more fruit. The ponderal index was negatively related to energy intake but positively related to protein intake, especially from meat and meat products. The energy intake from protein, animal protein and the energy contribution of dairy products, meat and meat products, fish and vegetables was lower among large eaters than among small eaters. The energy contribution of pastries, sugar and sweets was higher among large eaters.
Similarily, the energy intake from morning and evening snacks was also higher among large eaters. It should be noted that boys who had a substantial breakfast took in less energy from all other meals (including snacks and main meals). Such informaton is necessary in order to develop an effective health programme.     

尿毒症患者的性激素变化及其临床意义探讨

目的 :探讨女性尿毒症患者卵巢功能障碍的发病情况及其临床意义。方法 :应用酶免疫法 (EIA)测定了2 3例更年期前女性尿毒症非透析患者、15例透析患者及 2 9例健康献血者中促卵泡素 (FSH)、泌乳素 (PRL)、促黄体素 (LH)、雌二醇 (E2 )及孕酮 (P)的水平。结果 :尿毒症女患者PRL、FSH及LH均较健康对照组升高 ,而孕酮值显著降低 ,对此均有显著差异 ;且尿毒症女患者PRL升高、孕酮值降低与肾小球滤过率 (GFR)呈明显相关。透析患者较非透析患者PRL升高更为明显 ,孕酮值亦较非透析患者有所升高 ,但无显著意义。结论 :尿毒症女患者的排卵障碍及月经紊乱等都与尿毒症的严重程度相平行。透析并不能改善尿毒症女患者的卵巢功能障碍 ,只有纠正与改善肾功能 ,才能使尿毒症女患者的卵巢功能得以改善     

腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术对卵巢控制性超促排卵的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术对卵巢控制性超促排卵(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, COH)的影响.方法对161例(172周期)既往开腹或腹腔镜确诊的子宫内膜异位症合并不育患者行体外受精-胚胎移植术COH和助孕结局进行回顾性分析.其中42例(43周期)未行卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术,为非囊肿剔除组;55例(59周期)曾行开腹卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术,为开腹组;64例(70周期)曾行腹腔镜卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术,为腹腔镜组.结果 3组间年龄、卵泡数、获卵数、受精率、优质胚胎数、移植胚胎数无显著性差异(P>0.05).非囊肿剔除组临床妊娠率41.5%(17/41),腹腔镜组33.3%(23/69),开腹组25.5%(14/55),差异无显著性(χ2=2.754,P=0.252).86例(90周期)行单侧卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术,其中开腹组(37周期)手术侧卵巢的主导卵泡数(4.41±4.02)低于对侧卵巢(6.14±4.37)(t=-2.364,P=0.024).腹腔镜组(53周期)手术侧卵巢主导卵泡数(3.33±3.50)明显低于对侧卵巢(6.40±3.61)(t=-5.358,P=0.000).结论腹腔镜和开腹卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿剔除术均可影响卵巢COH.     

208例卵巢上皮性恶性肿瘤雌激素及孕激素受体分析

用葡聚糖－活性炭单点饱和分析法测定２０８例卵巢上皮性恶性肿瘤组织雌激素及孕激素受体（ＥＲ，ＰＲ），结果显示，ＥＲ和ＰＲ均量在内膜样癌明显高于浆液性、粘液性及透明细胞癌；ＥＲ和ＰＲ阳性率在内膜样癌及浆液性癌高于粘液性及透明细胞癌；ＥＲ和ＰＲ含量与卵巢恶性肿瘤组织分化程度、月经状况有关，而与临床期别无明显关联。某些卵巢恶性肿瘤ＥＲ和ＰＲ含量较高，尤以ＰＲ升高明显。提示有内分泌治疗的可能，卵巢恶性肿瘤病人ＥＲ和ＰＲ同时阳性，其生存时间较长。     

Particle size and morphology of UHMWPE wear debris in failed total knee arthroplasties--a comparison between mobile bearing and fixed bearing knees.

Osteolysis induced by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene wear debris has been recognized as the major cause of long-term failure in total joint arthroplasties. In a previous study, the prevalence of intraoperatively identified osteolysis during primary revision surgery was much higher in mobile bearing knee replacements (47%) than in fixed bearing knee replacements (13%). We postulated that mobile bearing knee implants tend to produce smaller sized particles. In our current study, we compared the particle size and morphology of polyethylene wear debris between failed mobile bearing and fixed bearing knees. Tissue specimens from interfacial and lytic regions were extracted during revision surgery of 10 mobile bearing knees (all of the low contact stress (LCS) design) and 17 fixed bearing knees (10 of the porous-coated anatomic (PCA) and 7 of the Miller/Galante design). Polyethylene particles were isolated from the tissue specimens and examined using both scanning electron microscopy and light-scattering analyses. The LCS mobile bearing knees produced smaller particulate debris (mean equivalent spherical diameter: 0.58 microm in LCS, 1.17 microm in PCA and 5.23 microm in M/G) and more granular debris (mean value: 93% in LCS, 77% in PCA and 15% in M/G).     

腹腔镜手术治疗小儿卵巢肿瘤26例

目的探讨腹腔镜手术治疗小儿卵巢肿瘤的效果及安全性。方法2000年1月~2005年3月,我们对26例小儿卵巢肿瘤行腹腔镜手术。气管插管全麻或静脉复合麻醉,行卵巢肿瘤剥除术或一侧附件切除术。对直径<5 cm的肿瘤,在肿瘤的外侧缘线形电凝囊肿包膜;直径>5 cm的肿瘤,在其中部或距基底部3 cm处环形电凝囊肿包膜,钝性分离肿瘤与囊壁,完整剥出肿瘤,残余囊壁创面彻底电凝止血,不缝合。卵巢冠囊肿切除。影响术野的大卵巢囊肿,先穿刺吸净囊液,帽状电凝卵巢囊肿包膜一周,再剥出肿瘤。结果所有患儿卵巢肿瘤手术都在腹腔镜下完成,肿瘤剥除术24例,一侧附件切除2例。手术时间(50±20)m in,术中出血量(30±10)m l,术后住院2~4 d,无手术并发症,无伤口感染。24例随访1年,未见复发。结论腹腔镜手术治疗小儿卵巢肿瘤是一种安全、有效的手术方法。     

顺铂腹腔注入治疗卵巢癌腹水的临床观察

晚期卵巢癌腹水的治疗相当困难,目前虽有一些治疗卵巢癌腹水的方法,但用顺铂腹腔内注入治疗卵巢癌腹水尚未见报道。我们在术前和术中用顺铂(各100mg)腹腔注入治疗20例晚期卵巢癌腹水患者。所有患者的全身状况在术前均得到明显改善,19例上皮性卵巢癌腹水患者一年内无腹水生长。该方法简单、安全,控制腹水生长效果明显,副作用少。     

负载型丝光沸石催化剂的催化性能研究

运用二元碱氮置换吸附红外光谱法、分子筛孔径分布测定技术、XPS技术,考察了丝光沸石表面酸性与孔结构的相互关系、钯在丝光沸石上分布情况和价态及其与沸石的相互作用。结果表明,随着丝光沸石脱铝程度的增加,表面出现大量不规整晶格,存在较多的次级孔道。强质子酸中心主要分布在它的“外表面”。钯在其表面富集,并与“外表面”上的质子酸中心协同作用,促进了轻质烷烃异构化反应。     

Discordant repeat size and phenotype in Kennedy syndrome

Previous reports in the literature have described correlation of increasing repeat length with severity of the phenotype, in Kennedy syndrome. We describe male siblings with different repeat lengths, with lack of expression of the phenotype in the sibling with the longer repeat length. The phenotype was identical to motor neurone disease. There is variability of expression in Kennedy syndrome and repeat length even in siblings cannot be taken as a conclusive indicator of severity. CAG repeat length cannot be used to predict the natural history of Kennedy disease. The diagnosis of Kennedy syndrome should be considered in male patients presenting with atypical motor neurone disease.