The antiinflammatory effect of several composite from South America. Extracts in rats

Extracts of different polarity from Artemisia copa, Baccharis incarum, Mutisia kurtzii and Pluchea sagittalis were screened for antiinflammatory activity. Aqueous extracts from Mutisia kurtzii and Pluchea sagittalis, and dichloromethane extracts from Baccharis incarum and Pluchea sagittalis evoked a marked antioedema action in the carrageenan-foot oedema test.     

Pharmacological evaluation of the dichloromethanol extract from Inula crithmoides L.

The pharmacological effect of the dichloromethanol extract of Inula crithmoides L. was analysed in in vitro and in vivo models. The extract dose-dependently decreased arterial blood pressure and furthermore it showed low acute toxicity, CNS depressor activity and analgesic and antiinflammatory effects. Preincubation of the guineapig ileum and rat duodenum (100 μg/mL) produced a significant reduction in the contractile effects of histamine and acetylcholine and a concentration-related inhibition of the effects of serotonin. Following further fractionation the methylene chloride/acetone (50/50) fraction caused a significant decrease in motor activity and significantly reduced the threshold of pain chemical stimulus.     

Smooth muscle relaxant activities of compounds isolated from malaysian medicinal plants on rat aorta and guinea-pig ileum

Muscle relaxant activities of six compounds isolated from Malaysian medicinal plants were investigated on the smooth muscles of the rat aorta and longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. Except for goniothalamin, the other five compounds exhibited varying degrees of muscle relaxant activities on the two smooth muscles. Dicentrine, isocorydine, altholactone and usnic acid reduced the contractions to KCI and phenylephrine in the rat aorta, whilst atranorin slightly reduced the contractions to phenylephrine but not KCI. In addition, dicentrine and isocorydine markedly reduced the contractile response to phenylephrine in Ca²⁺-free Krebs solution. In the longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum, altholactone, atranorin, dicentrine and isocorydine inhibited to a greater extent the phasic than the tonic responses to KCI. All four compounds similarly inhibited the contractions induced by ACh. The results suggest that the relaxant activities of the compounds are attributed mainly to inhibition of Ca²⁺ influx via the calcium channels in the membrane of the smooth muscles. Furthermore, the greater sensitivity of dicentrine, isocorydine and altholactone against phenylephrine-induced contractions or KCI-induced phasic contractions are due to their abilities to inhibit intracellular Ca²⁺ release in these muscles.     

安徽鼠尾草属药用植物资源及开发利用

报道了安徽产20种(含3变型)鼠尾草属植物和它们的分布,并制定了这些植物分种检索表。此外,还对开发利用本属植物资源及其所属植物丹参目前质量低劣原因等问题进行了讨论。     

芒果叶中总黄酮的提取及含量测定

目的为充分利用芒果叶植物资源,避免资源的浪费,探讨芒果叶中总黄酮的提取及鉴别方法。方法采用纯物理的工艺流程过程从芒果叶中提取黄酮类物质,对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证,并用分光光度法测定含量。结果测得样品中总黄酮的含量x=5．900mg/ml,回收率为97．33％,其纯度和产率均较高。结论该方法采用全物理过程, 无任何污染,是提取芒果叶黄酮类物质的有效途径。     

蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物的体内外抗幽门螺杆菌作用

目的观察蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物初提液和提纯液体内外抗幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)的作用。方法从胃炎和消化性溃疡患者胃黏膜活检标本中分离Hp临床菌株。分别采用二倍平皿稀释法和试管法测定油性提取物初提液和提纯液对96株Hp的M IC和MBC。建立Hp小鼠感染模型,检测油性提取物初提液和提纯液体内抗Hp的效果。结果从患者胃黏膜活检标本中分离获得96株Hp。油性提取物初提液和提纯液对上述Hp菌株的M IC90分别为体积分数0.16%和0.32%。体积分数为0.16%油性提取物初提液作用5 m in及体积分数为0.16%的提纯液作用15 m in即可杀灭HpNCTC11637株、临床菌株75b和81 a株。所有感染小鼠胃窦部组织Hp SS1株分离培养结果均阳性,体积分数为0.5%的油性提取物初提液和提纯液灌小鼠Hp分离培养结果均阴性。结论较低浓度的蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物初提液和提纯液即有体内抗Hp的作用,具有进一步开发抗Hp口服液的价值。     

中成药如何进入欧盟市场

本文通过对欧盟植物药市场及管理现状的研究，提出了目前中成药进入欧盟市场的两大突破口——传统草药形式和饮食补充剂形式。并围绕中成药如何以这两种形式进入欧盟市场展开论述，以期抛砖引玉，对我国欲开拓欧盟市场的中药企业提供一些思路和参考。     

深圳市2002～2004年集体性食物中毒分析

目的 为给深圳市的食物中毒预防工作提供借鉴，对深圳市2002～2004年的食物中毒情况进行了分析。方法 对深圳市及各区卫生监督部门上报的集体性食物中毒报告资料进行统计学、流行病学分析。结果3年中深圳市共发生食物中毒94起，平均每年31．3起，1666人中毒，平均每年555人。2003年有1人死亡。中毒主要发生季节为每年第二、第三季度。宝安和南山为高发区域，共占53．2％，集体食堂引起的食物中毒起数和发病人数最多。分别为71起1429人。引起中毒的食品主要为动物性食品。食物中毒的致病因素60，6％为细菌性食物中毒，细菌性食物中毒中40．3％是由副溶血性弧菌引起，占细菌性食物中毒的第一位。结论 深圳市食物中毒的好发季节都在夏、秋季节，大多集中在集体食堂，以细菌性食物中毒为主，预防食物中毒今后的工作重点首先应是加强集体食堂卫生管理问题。     

台湾金线莲丛生芽诱导和组培研究

台湾金线莲（Anoectoehilus formosanus）为兰科开唇兰属植物，又称“宝石兰”，分布于中国、日本、斯里兰卡等国，是一种珍贵的药用植物。本文研究了濒危植物台湾金线莲（Anoeetoehilus formosanus）种子播种材料丛生芽诱导的途径，初步建立了台湾金线莲试管苗的组培快繁流程。研究结果表明，培养基最佳pH为5．1～5．4。丛生芽诱导的培养基为1／2MS＋6-BA5．0（mg／L）＋NAA1.0，继代培养采用液体培养基1／2MS附加6-BA2．0（mg／L），振荡培养2个月，可使其生长旺盛。添加0．2％活性碳和150g／L香蕉汁对其发根具有良好的效果。