三维超声成像性能试验方法解析

三维超声成像分为三维重建超声成像和实时三维超声成像。三维超声成像比二维超声成像能够提供更加丰富的空间信息,在临床上常用于心肌损伤检测、胸腹部体内肿瘤检测、以及妊娠期胎儿体征评估等方面。三维数据采集方法使用到的有自由臂系统、机械定位系统以及二维面阵探头等。三维超声成像的常见性能指标包括探测深度、盲区、侧向分辨力、轴向分辨力、几何位置精度、三维体积重建偏差等。结合医药行业标准YY/T1279-2015对三维超声成像性能试验的具体操作方法进行图示解析,以期对规范注册申请人注册自检工作、确保相关产品医疗器械注册检验工作有序开展中有所帮助。     

开窍通络针刺联合小续命汤加减用于脑卒中恢复期疗效观察

目的探讨开窍通络针刺联合小续命汤加减用于脑卒中恢复期的临床疗效。方法选取医院2018年3月至2019年3月收治的脑卒中恢复期患者82例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,各41例。两组患者均予常规治疗,并予开窍通络针刺,试验组患者加用小续命汤加减治疗。两组均治疗30 d,随访1个月。结果试验组总有效率为95.12%,显著高于对照组的78.05%(P <0.05);试验组患者治疗后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表及纤维蛋白原水平、血沉和血浆黏度均显著低于对照组,Fugl-Meyer评定量表和改良Barthel指数均显著高于对照组(P <0.05);治疗期间两组患者均未出现明显不良反应。结论开窍通络针刺联合小续命汤加减能改善脑卒中恢复期患者的神经功能和肢体运动功能,提高其日常生活能力,改善血液动力学。     

Incidence Rate of Bee Venom Acupuncture Related Anaphylaxis: A Systematic Review

Background: Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) is an effective treatment method for various diseases. Bee venom, however, can cause adverse effects, even rarely including life-threatening anaphylaxis, so safety-related evidence is required. In this study, we systematically estimated the incidence rate of anaphylaxis in response to BVA. Methods: We searched eight databases (MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled, KISS, KMBASE, Koreamed, OASIS, and NDSL) and systematically reviewed the articles that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: Among 225 potentially relevant articles, 49 were selected for this study. The overall incidence rate of anaphylaxis in response to BVA was 0.045% (95% CI 0.028–0.062). Women (0.083%, 95% CI 0.010–0.157) showed a higher incidence rate than men (0.019%, 95% CI −0.018 to 0.055), while the incidence for patients who had a skin test conducted (0.041%, 95% CI 0.011–0.072) was not significantly different compared to that obtained for patients for which there was no information about a skin test (0.047%, 95% CI 0.026–0.067). The publication year affected the incidence rate: it was highest before 1999 (1.099%, 95% CI −1.043 to 3.241), lower between 2000 and 2009 (0.049%, 95% CI 0.025–0.073), and lowest between 2010 and 2021 (0.037% 95% CI 0.014–0.060). Conclusions: In this study, we provide reference data about risk size and factors of BVA-related anaphylaxis, which is essentially required for BVA application in clinics.     

基于fMRI任务态与静息态对头针疗法的研究进展

头针疗法是针灸体系的重要组成部分且广泛应用于临床,但是有关其作用原理研究的文献却不足以完全阐明头针机理,并指导其发展方向.功能磁共振成像技术因其独特优势,成为穴位针刺脑部中枢效应机制研究的首选方法.通过阅读分析相关文献及该领域整体研究趋势,发现应用功能磁共振成像技术对头针疗法进行研究主要集中在特异性脑区激活、针刺作用机...     

Temperature field estimation using electrical impedance profiling methods. II. Experimental system description and phantom results

An electrical impedance tomography system has been developed and tested for the purpose of thermal imaging. Since impedance changes with temperature, images of impedance subtracted from normothermic baselines will provide a map of temperature data. A system was designed to be operational at 10–50 kHz and to utilize 16 external electrodes around the periphery of a tissue-equivalent phantom encompassing the region of interest. These electrodes serve as current sources for the 5 mA constant-current inputs and are also used for reading differential voltages. Hyperthermia treatments for cancer require that internal thermometry probes be inserted into the tumour volume. Linear arrays of electrodes with thermometry tracks for micro-dimension thermometry serve this function, as well as providing localized voltage measurements in the region of interest. The embedded temperature sensors provide a quality assurance and calibration standard for the linear arrays in reconstruction of impedance profiles. Results of transient heating experiments with conductive and ultrasound heating are shown where image reconstruction is performed using a finite element model. Temperature predictions in these studies were accurate to better than 1°C on average when using information from surface electrodes combined with internal linear arrays. Maximum temperature errors, however, was found to be > 5°C which suggests that further noise reduction during data acquisition and improvements in the reconstructions algorithms are needed.     

“Warming yang and invigorating qi” acupuncture alters acetylcholine receptor expression in the neuromuscular junction of rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies have been shown to form against the nicotinic acetylcholine nicotinic postsynaptic receptors located at the neuromuscular junction. “Warmingyang and invigoratingqi” acupuncture treatment has been shown to reduce serum inlfammatory cytokine expression and increase transforming growth factor beta expression in rats with experimental au-toimmune myasthenia gravis. However, few studies have addressed the effects of this type of acupuncture on the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Here, we used confocal laser scanning microscopy to examine the area and density of immunoreactivity for an antibody to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction in the phrenic nerve of rats with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis following “warmingyang and invigoratingqi” acupuncture therapy. Needles were inserted at acupressure pointsShou-sanli (LI10),Zusanli(ST36),Pishu (BL20), and Shenshu (BL23) once daily for 7 consecutive days. The treatment was repeated after 1 day of rest. We found that area and the integrated optical density of the immunoreactivity for the acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction of the phrenic nerve was signiifcantly increased following acupuncture treatment. This outcome of the acupuncture therapy was similar to that of the cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine bromide. These ifndings suggest that “warmingyangand invigoratingqi” acu-puncture treatment increases acetylcholine receptor expression at the neuromuscular junction in a rat model of autoimmune myasthenia gravis.     

项五针治疗椎动脉型颈椎病临床研究

目的:观察项五针治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:将71例椎动脉型颈椎病患者随机分为观察组37例与对照组34例。观察组采用项五针;对照组采用常规取穴。分别在治疗前、治疗5次、治疗10次后应用颈性眩晕症状与功能评估表(evaluation scale for cervical vertigo,ESCV)评价症状改善情况;治疗10次后比较两组临床疗效。结果:治疗5次后两组ESCV评分较治疗前差异均有统计学意义(P0.01、P0.05)。两组治疗10次后较治疗前ESCV评分差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组痊愈率为54.0%,优于对照组的23.5%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:项五针能提高患者的ESCV评分,优于常规针刺,且具有起效快、痊愈率高、无不良反应等特点。     

Can the Up-to-date Research in Neurophysiology of the Outer Ear Explain the Therapeutic Effects of Auricular Stimulation?

Clinical reproducible phenomena have to be explained not only by hypothesis but by a real scientific validation. This is the case for auriculotherapy discovered by Paul Nogier [1]. In fact, it could seem strange for a non-specialist medical colleague to accept the idea that it is possible to observe some clinical improvement after a puncture with a needle on the skin of the ear pavilion. The goal of this paper is to try to demonstrate that, at present, we already have enough valid scientific data accessible to justify the clinical use of auriculotherapy for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes.     

中药灌肠并针灸佐治小儿病毒性肠炎60例疗效观察

目的：观察中药灌肠并针灸对小儿病毒性肠炎的疗效。方法：临床上将110例病儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组不用抗生素,纠正水电解质及酸碱平衡紊乱,并常规口服思密达12包-1包;治疗组：在对照组相同治疗的基础上加用中药30m l-50m l灌肠2次/d,针灸1次/d,观察患儿治疗后症状缓解情况。结果：治疗后,治疗组总有效率96.7%,对照组总有效率68.0%,疗效明显优于对照组,且减少了不良反应。结论：中药灌肠并针灸治疗小儿病毒性肠炎操作简单,使用方便,不良反应少的优点,可明显提高治愈率。