Activity and Capacity Profile of Transplant Physicians and Centers in Australia and New Zealand

We conducted a study to analyze and report on indicators of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) physician time use and HCT center output measures. HCT centers in Australia and New Zealand (A&NZ) were invited to provide demographic and time use details for physicians participating in HCT patient care (HCT physicians). Resource details for adult and pediatric centers were included. From a total of 46 centers that were invited to participate, completed data were received from 37 centers (80%) representing 185 HCT physicians, with a median age of 48 (range, 33 to 72), of whom 31% were women. Just over half of HCT physicians cited prior work experience in large overseas HCT centers (97, 52%) and over one-third (79, 43%) possessed postgraduate qualifications other than specialist training. Total annual mean HCTs per HCT physician full-time equivalent (FTE) were 14.2 for centers performing both allogeneic and autologous HCT, 6.6 for autologous only centers, and 10.6 for all centers. For all HCT physicians surveyed the mean proportion of time spent on HCT related tasks was 31.7%. In A&NZ, for centers that perform both allografts and autografts, there was a mean of 4.0 allogeneic HCT annually per HCT bed, compared with 2.6 for the United States and 7.1 allogeneic HCT annually per HCT physician FTE (United States, 6.3). Projections of the A&NZ HCT physician workforce indicated that the numbers of HCT physicians are likely to stay within the region of 170 to 190 for the next 10 years, whereas HCT activity will likely continue to climb steadily. Healthcare and government authorities should be prepared to enable and support greater HCT activity in A&NZ in the future.     

运动改善抑郁症患者骨骼健康的作用和分子机制

抑郁症发病机制的多种假说,为抑郁症改善和治疗提供了重要的靶点。目前在治疗抑郁症的方法中,运动是较为经济有效的一种方式。研究发现抑郁症的发生会伴随着骨代谢紊乱的产生,给抑郁症人群的骨健康带来困扰。本文从抑郁症患者发病机制角度来阐述各机制与骨代谢间的关系,及运动通过影响抑郁症患病各机制来调节和改善抑郁症患者的骨质健康问题。以期达到预防、提高抑郁症患者的骨质健康并改善其抑郁程度。     

肝细胞肝癌的发病机制与治疗进展

全球肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的疾病负担正逐年增加。根据临床和组织病理特征,HCC可分为增生型和非增生型2类。HCC的发生发展与遗传和表观遗传改变密切相关,然而其发病机制尚不明确。CT/MRI是临床上常用的HCC影像学诊断方法。巴塞罗那临床肝癌分期系统是目前使用最为广泛的分期系统。HCC的治疗手段包括外科手术、肝移植、消融治疗、经动脉疗法和全身疗法。本文将着重阐述HCC发病机制和治疗方面的研究进展。