Associations between the Nutrient Profiling System Underlying the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label and Biomarkers of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Middle- to Older-Aged Population

Low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with a range of conditions. Diet may modulate inflammation and public health strategies are needed to guide consumers’ dietary choices and help prevent diet-related disease. The Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system (FSAm-NPS) constitutes the basis of the five-colour front-of-pack Nutri-Score labelling system. No study to date has examined FSAm-NPS dietary index associations with biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, our objective was to test relationships between the FSAm-NPS and a range of inflammatory biomarkers in a cross-sectional sample of 2006 men and women aged 46–73 years. Individual participant FSAm-NPS scores were derived from food frequency questionnaires. Pro-inflammatory cytokine, adipocytokine, acute-phase response protein, coagulation factor and white blood cell count concentrations were determined. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to examine FSAm-NPS relationships with biomarker levels. In crude and adjusted analyses, higher FSAm-NPS scores, reflecting poorer nutritional quality, were consistently and positively associated with biomarkers. In fully adjusted models, significant associations with concentrations of complement component 3, c-reactive protein, interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha, resistin, white blood cell count, neutrophils, eosinophils and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio persisted. These results suggest that dietary quality, determined by Nutri-Score rating, is associated with inflammatory biomarkers related to health.     

Changes in antioxidant,inflammatory and metabolic markers during 1 week cultivation of human skin explants

Human skin explant (HSE) seems to be a useful model for dermatological/cosmetic testing. HSE prepared from donor superfluous skin from plastic surgery operations is cheap and easily obtainable compared to reconstructed models. The HSE use, however, may be limited by the degeneration processes during cultivation. The aim was to monitor changes in metabolic activity and selected apoptotic, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters during 7 day cultivation. The significant changes were found in the superoxide dismutase‐2 level from day 5, glutathione S‐reductase level from day 6, metabolic activity and fibulin‐5 level from day 4, cyclooxygenase‐2, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐10 from day 1 to 2. Other selected markers (lipid peroxidation products and glutathione level, glutathione S‐transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S‐reductase activity, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S‐reductase levels) were not modified significantly due to high inter‐individual variability of skin donors. The HSE microstructure as well as cytokeratin‐10 and proliferation marker Ki67 expression was also only minimally affected during cultivation. Collectively, the results demonstrate that HSE represents a good model for short‐term studies focused on the physical and chemical agent toxicity, protective potential of compounds or metabolic biotransformation. However, reduced metabolic activity, increased inflammation and the high inter‐individual variability and sensitivity of donors have to be taken into consideration.     

The influence of SARS‐CoV‐2 on semen parameters of infected infertile male in comparison with those that noninfected

BackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS COV‐2 that has spread globally, the virus can cause different pathological alterations in many organs, such as the lung, kidney, and testis. The study aimed to determine the effect of COVID‐19 on the seminal fluid parameters of infected infertile males compared with those who are noninfected.MethodsThe study was performed in Al‐Hussein Teaching Hospital during the period from September to November, 2021 and it involved 318 patients. The patients’ info included age, address, and vaccination. The sperm count, activity, and morphology were detected using Computer‐assisted semen analysis CASA (Microptic‐Spain) according to the WHO manual.ResultsThere were high significant differences between the infertile males who were infected with COVID‐ 19 and those who were vaccinated (X ² = 12.509, p = 0.001). A high significant relation (p < 0.001) was recorded between types of infection severity and volume of semen (p < 0.001) and nonprogress life sperm (C) (p < 0.001). While significant differences were shown in the moderate progression sperm (B) (p = 0.012), and morphology (p = 0.02), respectively. High significant differences were reported between the types of infection severity (count of the sperm, presence of pus, B, C and D), (p < 0.001), while a significant difference was shown between severity types in relation to A and morphology of the sperms (p = 0.021 and 0.015), respectively.ConclusionThe severity of COVID‐19 has a significant impact on infertility and sperm parameters, particularly progression and sperm morphology, despite the fact that these parameters are unrelated to vaccination.     

芩荑合剂治疗实验性哮喘动物模型气道变应性炎症的机理研究

目的：以芩荑合剂为基础，制成超声雾化液，通过实验观察探讨其作用机理。方法：观察谊方对卵白蛋白致敏哮喘动物模型支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中Eo、IL-3、IL-5、GM．CSF、SIL-2R、NO的影响。结果：实验发现：芩荑合剂雾化液能显著降低炎性指标（Eo、IL-3、IL-5、GM-CSF、SIL-2R、NO）。病理切片证实治疗组支气管肺组织中E0等炎症细胞浸润减少。结论：芩荑合剂具有解痉、平喘、抗炎、祛痰等作用。其作用机理可能与拮抗了气道的E0等炎症细胞浸润、活化及相关细胞因子、炎性介质释放有关。     

淫羊藿对哮喘大鼠肺组织RANTES及MCP-3表达的影响

目的 观察补肾中药淫羊藿对哮喘大鼠肺组织调节激活正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted,RANTES)、单核细胞趋化蛋白3（monocyte chemotactic protein-3,MCP-3）表达的影响,进一步探讨淫羊藿防治哮喘的作用机制。 方法 将挪威大鼠随机分成6组：正常组、模型组、阳性药组（给地塞米松）、淫羊藿低、中、高剂量组（分别给淫羊藿0.125、0.5、2.0 g/mL)。用Real-time PCR法检测肺组织RANTES、MCP-3 mRNA的表达,ELISA法检测各组血清中肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）4、5的含量。结果 与模型组比较,各用药组大鼠肺组织RANTES、MCP-3 mRNA的表达下调（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,TNF-α水平均明显降低（P=0.000）,阳性药组和淫羊藿中、高剂量组IL-4水平均明显下降（P=0.007,P=0.047,P=0.033）, IL-5水平仅见阳性药组和淫羊藿高剂量组显著下降（P=0.003,P=0.005）。结论 哮喘发作期给予淫羊藿可减轻哮喘气道炎症,并且其与抑制肺组织RANTES、MCP-3表达有关。     

Circulatory disturbances during the first postnatal 24 hours in extremely premature infants 25 weeks or less of gestation with histological fetal inflammation

AIM: To investigate the effect of pre-existing fetal inflammation on hemodynamics during the first postnatal 24 h in extremely premature infants or= 3 than infants with no fetal inflammation (49% vs 17%) (P=0.04). Infants with fetal inflammation had significantly higher heart rate (P=0.005), catecholamine index (P=0.019) and volume load (P=0.021). CONCLUSION: Histological evidence of fetal inflammation in extremely premature infants is associated with circulatory disturbances over the first 24 h of life and increases in the incidence of IVH >or= 3.