系统性红斑狼疮患者尿白蛋白与尿NAG测定及意义

了解尿白蛋白和尿N -乙酰 - β -D氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAG)对系统性红斑狼疮患者早期肾损害的诊断价值。方法 :用放射免疫法和化学比色法分别对 42例系统性红斑狼疮患者尿白蛋白和尿NAG进行检测及比较研究。结果 :异常组尿白蛋白排泄率 (UAER)较正常组明显增高 ,差异非常显著 (P <0 0 1)。异常组NAG水平比正常组明显增高 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。无论尿常规正常与否 ,尿NAG和UAER均呈正相关。若以健康对照组 x±s为正常值上限 ,则尿白蛋白和尿NAG在正常组和异常组均有 5 0 %以上高于此值。结论 :尿白蛋白和尿NAG是系统性红斑狼疮患者早期肾损害的敏感指标。     

血清NAG在乙型肝炎中的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(N-acetyl-D-glucosamindase,NAG)活性对临床乙型肝炎诊断的价值.方法 将研究对象分为健康体检者和乙型肝炎患者,分别测定血清中NAG的活性.结果 乙肝患者血清NAG活性显著高于健康对照组.结论 血清NAG活性测定对乙型肝炎的诊断有价值.     

尿N—乙酰—β—葡萄糖苷酶和血清胱抑素C联合检测在糖尿病肾病诊断中的意义

目的研究尿N-乙酰-β-葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和血清胱抑素C（Cys—C）在糖尿病肾病患者不同阶段尿中及血中的表达水平．探讨其在糖尿病肾病诊断中的意义。方法收集我院住院的2型糖尿病患者252例,根据尿微量白蛋白排泄量（UAE）分成3组：正常蛋白尿组81例（A）：〈30mg／d;微量蛋白尿组85例（B）：（30～300）mg／d;大量蛋白尿组86例（C）：〉300mg／d。收集患者的尿标本及血标本分别检测尿NAG及血清胱抑素C水平等。结果①尿NAG与对照组相比明显升高,且随着糖尿病肾病的发展逐渐升高。②血清胱抑素c在正常蛋白尿期就已经开始升高,随着糖尿病。肾病的进展逐渐升高,且其升高早于肌酐的升高。③血清胱抑素C联合尿NAG检测可明显提高早期糖尿病肾病的诊断率。结论尿NAG和Cys—C是糖尿病‘肾病早期诊断的指标,二者联合检测可提高糖尿病肾病早期的诊断率。     

HSP70、HS-CRP、Cys C、NAG在早期妊娠高血压综合征患者血清中的改变情况分析

目的 探讨热休克70kDa蛋白(HSP70)、C反应蛋白(HS-CRP)、胱抑素C(CysC)、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)在早期妊娠高血压综合征患者血清中的改变情况.方法 选择2012年4月至2015年4月本院收治的妊娠期高血压患者共147例作为观察组,此外再选择同期50例同孕龄健康孕妇作为对照组A,选择同期50例来本院健康体检的未孕妇女作为对照组B,比较三组受试者HSP-70、HS-CRP、Cys C以及NAG水平的变化情况.结果 妊娠高血压综合征患者HSP70、HS-CRP、Cys C、NAG水平较对照组(A组与B组)有不同程度的升高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且随着妊娠期高血压综合征病情加重,各指标均有所增加.结论 HSP70以及HS-CRP能够有效对妊娠高血压综合征患者进行疾病前期诊断,而Cys C以及NAG则能够早期判断妊娠期高血压综合征患者肾功能损伤情况,将此4个指标结合运用,不仅能够帮助临床中及早发现疾病,同时有助于尽早制定出对患者的治疗方案,值得临床推广运用.     

尿mAlb／Cr、NAG检测对早期糖尿病肾病的临床意义

目的：研究糖尿病患者的尿液微量白蛋白,肌酐（mAlb,Cr）、N-乙酰-β—D氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）与早期糖尿病肾病（DN）的诊断价值关系。方法：将149例糖尿病患者分为两组：糖尿病无肾病组与早期糖尿病肾病组,采用免疫比浊法测定尿微量白蛋白／肌酐,采用速率法检测尿NAG值,并与32例健康对照组比较。结果：糖尿病肾病患者尿mAlb／Cr、NAG明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,且尿微量白蛋白,肌酐与NAG成正相关（r=0．625,r=0．510,P〈0．05）。结论：检测尿mAlb／Cr、NAG有助于尿蛋白阴性的糖尿病肾病的早期诊断。     

Transcranial direct current stimulation influences the cardiac autonomic nervous control

To investigate whether the manipulation of brain excitability by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) modulates the heart rate variability (HRV), the effect of tDCS applied at rest on the left temporal lobe in athletes (AG) and non-athletes (NAG) was evaluated. The HRV parameters (natural logarithms of LF, HF, and LF/HF) was assessed in 20 healthy men before, and immediately after tDCS and sham stimulation. After anodal tDCS in AG the parasympathetic activity (HF_log) increased (P < 0.01) and the sympathetic activity (LF_log) and sympatho-vagal balance (LF/HF_log) decreased (P < 0.01), whereas no significant effects were detected in NAG (P > 0.05). No significant changes in HRV indexes were provoked by sham stimulation in both AG and NAG (P > 0.05). In conclusion, tDCS applied on the left temporal lobe significantly increased the overall HRV in AG, enhancing the parasympathetic and decreasing the sympathetic modulation of heart rate. Consequently the sympatho-vagal balance decreased at rest in AG but not in NAG. Releasing a weak electric current to stimulate selected brain areas may induce favorable effects on the autonomic control to the heart in highly fit subjects.     

Adaptive changes in renal mitochondrial redox status in diabetic nephropathy

Nephropathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes. In the streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rat model of diabetes, nephropathy does not typically develop until 30 to 45 days post-injection, although hyperglycemia occurs within 24 h. We tested the hypothesis that chronic hyperglycemia results in a modest degree of oxidative stress that is accompanied by compensatory changes in certain antioxidants and mitochondrial redox status. We propose that as kidneys progress to a state of diabetic nephropathy, further adaptations occur in mitochondrial redox status. Basic parameters of renal function in vivo and several parameters of mitochondrial function and glutathione (GSH) and redox status in isolated renal cortical mitochondria from STZ-treated and age-matched control rats were examined at 30 days and 90 days post-injection. While there was no effect of diabetes on blood urea nitrogen, measurement of other, more sensitive parameters, such as urinary albumin and protein, and histopathology showed significant and progressive worsening in diabetic rats. Thus, renal function is compromised even prior to the onset of frank nephropathy. Changes in mitochondrial respiration and enzyme activities indicated existence of a hypermetabolic state. Higher mitochondrial GSH content and rates of GSH transport into mitochondria in kidneys from diabetic rats were only partially due to changes in expression of mitochondrial GSH carriers and were mostly due to higher substrate supply. Although there are few clear indicators of oxidative stress, there are several redox changes that occur early and change further as nephropathy progresses, highlighting the complexity of the disease.     

不同尿液蛋白测定对早期高血压性肾损害的诊断价值及临床意义

目的探讨尿液胱蛋白酶抑制剂C（CystatinC）、α-微量球蛋白（α1-MG）、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）和微量白蛋白（mALB）的测定,对高血压早期肾损害诊断的敏感性及其临床意义。方法选择2010年3月-2010年10月在我科住院或门诊体检并明确诊断为原发性高血压患者55例作为病例组,健康体检者38例为对照组。检测两组尿CystatinC、α1-MG、NAG、β2-MG、mALB的含量,并以ROC曲线分析其敏感性。结果病例组尿液中的Cystatin C、α—MG、NAG、β2-MG、mALB含量明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．001）,其中尿α1,MG曲线下面积为0．906,β2-MG曲线下面积为0．855,较尿mALB、CystatinC、NAG具有较高的敏感性（P〈0．001）。结论尿α1-MG和β2-MG的检测对诊断高血压早期肾损害的敏感性高于尿mALB、CystatinC和NAG,尿液中不同蛋白的联合检测有助于高血压肾损害的早期监测,对预防高血压性肾病的发生、发展具有重要的临床价值。     

尿白蛋白排泄率异常的2型糖尿病患者尿N-乙酰-β-葡萄糖苷酶、α1-微球蛋白及视黄醇结合蛋白检测的改变

目的检测不同尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者尿N-乙酰-β葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、α1-微球蛋白（α1-MG）、视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）水平,探讨其对2型糖尿病早期肾损害诊断的应用价值。方法选择我院就诊的T2DM患者196例,健康体检者57名,检测12小时UAER水平。根据UAER水平将T2DM患者分为UAER正常组和异常组。分别检测尿NAG、α1-MG、RBP,肌酐（Cr）水平,并分析各组间差异。结果196例T2DM患者NAG／Cr、α1-MG／Cr及RBP／Cr水平较健康对照组明显升高（P〈0．05）;与对照组比较,T2DM患者中UAER正常组及异常组NAG／Cr、α1-MG／Cr及RBP／D水平具有显著性差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。在T2DM患者中,UAER与NAG／Cr、α1-MG／Cr及RBP／Cr之间没有相关性,而NAG／Cr与α1-MG／Cr及RBP／Cr之间存在相关性（P〈0．01）。T2DM患者中UAER、NAG、劬MG、RBP联合检测阳性率高于各单-指标的检测阳性率（P〈70．05）。结论T2DM患者联合检测尿NAG、α1-MG、RBP可以提高糖尿病早期肾损害的诊断的敏感性,利于糖尿病肾病的早期预防。     

尿沉渣及尿RBP、NAG检测与急性肾衰肾活检相关性

目的探讨尿沉渣检查及尿RBP、NAG检测能否反应急性肾衰患者的肾脏病理损伤。方法100例急性肾衰患者在肾脏病理活检前一日或当日取晨尿进行尿沉渣相差显微镜镜检及ELISA法和生化法分别测定RBP、NAG,比较不同病理改变的尿沉渣及尿RBP、NAG分泌特点。结果肾小球增殖性病变（PGD）为主的65例患者中60例为Ⅰ类尿沉渣谱（92．3％）,RBP、NAG正常或略有增高;非肾小球增殖病变（NPGD）为主的10例患者中9例为Ⅱ类尿沉渣谱（90．0％）,3例（30．0％）伴急性肾小管坏死的患者尿RBP、NAG异常;小管间质病变（TID）为主的25例中23例为Ⅲ类尿沉渣谱（92．0％）,尿RBC、NAG明显增高。结论尿沉渣镜检、尿RBP、NAG测定在一定程度上能反应肾脏病理损伤的部位及程度,具有一定的临床意义。