影响磷酸生产成本的因素之一：磷矿价格的分析

分析影响磷酸生产成本的主要因素之一——磷矿价格,并就其对磷酸生产成本的影响进行了分析,提出了降低磷酸生产成本及对拟建磷酸装置布点的看法。     

全反式维甲酸与亚砷酸联合化疗对急性早幼粒细胞白血病高危患者的疗效

目的观察全反式维甲酸(ATRA)与亚砷酸(ATO)联合化疗对急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)患者的疗效。方法回顾性分析86例不同危险分级的初治APL患者的临床资料。根据治疗前白细胞和血小板数将APL患者分为低、中、高危三组。采用ATRA+ATO+蒽环类药诱导缓解,蒽环类药+阿糖胞苷巩固治疗,ATRA+ATO+甲氨蝶呤(MTX)[部分加用6-巯基嘌呤(6-MP)]维持治疗。结果治疗后,完全缓解(CR)率高达95.3%(82/86)。中位随访37个月,高危组和中低危组无事件生存率及中枢神经系统累积复发率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。维持治疗单用MTX者或MTX+6-MP者CR率均为100%。结论 APL患者尤其是高危患者可以从ATO+ATRA+化疗中受益;该方案作为初治APL的一线治疗方案优势明显。     

苯甲酸复配中药抽提液的抑菌效果及刺激性

目的：观察苯甲酸复配中药抽提液、苯甲酸抑菌剂及单纯中药抽提液的抑菌效果及其刺激性。方法：采用琼脂扩散法和动物试验对3种抑菌剂进行抑菌效果测定和刺激性试验。结果：苯甲酸复配中药抽提液和苯甲酸抑菌剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白色假丝酵母的抑菌圈直径比单纯中药抽提液显著增加,苯甲酸复配中药抽提液对实验动物的刺激性低于苯甲酸抑菌剂。结论：苯甲酸复配中药提取液抑菌效果显著强于纯中药抑菌剂,其刺激性低于苯甲酸抑菌剂。     

Oral antipyretic therapy: Evaluation of the N-aryl-anthranilic acid derivatives mefenamic acid,tolfenamic acid and flufenamic acid

Summary The antipyretic activity of three N-aryl-anthranilic acid derivatives, mefenamic acid, tolfenamic acid and flufenamic acid, was compared and their optimal antipyretic dose determined in a trial in 87 children (aged 5 months to 15 years), who suffered from infections and fever exceeding 38.5°C. Tolfenamic acid proved to be the most potent antipyretic agent of the three drugs; it was eight times more powerful than mefenamic acid and three times more powerful than flufenamic acid. The optimal antipyretic doses were: mefenamic acid 4 mg/kg, tolfenamic acid 0.5 mg/kg and flufenamic acid 1.5 mg/kg. It is evident that the antipyretic activity of these anthranilic acid derivatives is even greater than their antirheumatic effect, the difference being most noticeable in the case of tolfenamic acid.     

The possible mechanisms of protocatechuic acid-induced central analgesia

It is aimed to investigate the central antinociceptive effect of protocatechuic acid and the involvement of stimulation of opioidergic, serotonin 5-HT_2A/2C, α2-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors in protocatechuic acid-induced central analgesia in mice. Time-dependent antinociceptive effects of protocatechuic acid at the oral doses of 75, 150 and 300?mg/kg were tested in hot-plate (integrated supraspinal response) and tail-immersion (spinal reflex) tests in mice. To investigate the mechanisms of action; the mice administered 300?mg/kg protocatechuic acid (p.o.) were pre-treated with non-specific opioid antagonist naloxone (5?mg/kg, i.p.), serotonin 5-HT_2A/2C receptor antagonist ketanserin (1?mg/kg, i.p.), α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (1?mg/kg, i.p.) and non-specific muscarinic antagonist atropine (5?mg/kg, i.p.), respectively. The antinociceptive effect of protocatechuic acid was observed at the doses of 75, 150 and 300?mg/kg in tail-immersion test, at the doses of 150 and 300?mg/kg in hot-plate test at different time interval. The enhancement in the latency of protocatechuic acid-induced response to thermal stimuli was antagonized by yohimbine, naloxone and atropine in tail-immersion test, while it was antagonized only by yohimbine and naloxone pretreatments in hot-plate test. These results indicated that protocatechuic acid has the central antinociceptive action that is probably organized by spinal mediated cholinergic and opiodiergic, also spinal and supraspinal mediated noradrenergic modulation. However, further studies are required to understand how protocatechuic acid organizes the interactions of these modulatory systems. As a whole, these findings reinforce that protocatechuic acid is a potential agent that might be used for pain relief. Additionally, the clarification of the effect and mechanisms of action of protocatechuic acid will contribute to new therapeutic approaches and provide guidance for new drug development studies.     

肉眼和电镜观察聚-DL-乳酸可吸收生物膜联合丹参预防硬膜外粘连的效果

目的观察聚-DL-乳酸（PDLLA）可吸收生物膜联合丹参预防腰椎术后硬膜外粘连的效果。方法将60只新西兰白兔随机均分成5组,施以L5—L7全椎板切除术,A组放置明胶海绵片,B组明胶海绵片＋丹参注射液,C组PDLLA可吸收膜．D组明胶海绵片＋丹参注射液＋PDLLA可吸收膜,E组空白对照组不作特殊处理,于术后2周、4周、8周、12周分别行肉眼大体观察、电镜观察瘢痕生长及硬膜外粘连情况。结果B组、C组和D组有非常明显防粘连效果,与E组及A组之间存在显著性差异（P〈0．05）,虽然B组,C组和D组之间在防粘连效果方面无显著差异（P〉0．05）,但D组的防粘连效果更为突出,直到12周时电镜下成纤维细胞和胶原纤维仍呈现生长缓慢,排列紊乱和结构疏松的镜像。结论丹参＋PDLLA可吸收膜有很好的三维防粘连效果．可作为理想的预防硬膜外粘连材料。     

Antioxidant properties of ursodeoxycholic acid

We have investigated potential antioxidant properties of the clinically relevant bile acid UDCA, which reaches therapeutic concentrations up to 0.09 and 29 mM, respectively, in human plasma and bile. UDCA was an excellent scavenger of OHz.rad; generated by FeCl(3)-EDTA, H(2)O(2) and ascorbate in the deoxyribose oxidation test, showing IC(min) and IC(50) values of 0.02 and 0.2 mM, respectively, and a second-order rate constant for reaction with OHz.rad; of 2+/-0.1 x 10(10)M(-1)s(-1). Notably, the drug could enhance at 1.5 mM concentration the antioxidant capacity of human bile against OHz.rad;-induced deoxyribose oxidation. UDCA also showed antioxidant effects in the deoxyribose test performed with nonchelated iron ions, such as Fe(2+) plus H(2)O(2) (IC(min): 7 mM, IC(50): 20 mM) or Fe(3+) plus H(2)O(2) and ascorbate (IC(min): 0.3 mM, IC(50): 5 mM), and inhibited ferrozine-Fe(2+) and desferrioxamine-Fe(3+) complexes formation with IC(50) values of, respectively, 12 and 0.3 mM, indicating that the drug interacts more with iron(III) than with iron(II). Moreover, UDCA significantly inhibited phospholipid liposome peroxidation induced by the OHz.rad;-generating system FeCl(3)-EDTA, H(2)O(2) and ascorbate (IC(min): 0.75 mM, IC(50): 3 mM), and by peroxyl radicals generated in the aqueous phase by AAPH (IC(min): 8 mM, IC(50): 14 mM). UDCA, even at 25 mM concentration, was ineffective on the lipoperoxidation mediated by Fe(2+) alone, but at the same concentration counteracted significantly that by Fe(3+) plus ascorbate, further pointing to its preferential antioxidant interaction with iron(III).In conclusion, UDCA has direct antioxidant properties, which are especially relevant against Fe(3+)- and OHz.rad;-dependent biomolecular oxidative damage; such properties are evident at therapeutically relevant drug concentrations, suggesting that UDCA could act as an antioxidant in vivo.     

粉防己碱和氯丙嗪对人胚肺成纤维细胞胶原和透明质酸合成的影响(英文)

目的：研究粉防己碱(Tet)和氯丙嗪(Chl)对人胚肺成纤维细胞胶原与透明质酸(HA)合成的影响,为应用钙拮抗剂防治器官纤维化提供依据.方法:采用[~3H]脯氨酸掺入和放射免疫法分别测定胶原与HA合成.结果:Tet 5—80 μmol L~(-1)和Chl 10—40 μmol L~(-1)均以浓度依赖方式抑制胶原与HA合成.Tet 5—20μmol L~(-1))对细胞无明显毒性却显著抑制胶原与HA合成(P<0.01).结论:Tet在低浓度(5—20μmol L~(-1))时对细胞无明显毒性作用而显著抑制成纤维细胞胶原与HA合成,可望成为治疗器官纤维化的有效药物.     

腺苷A1受体和NMDA受体在海马齿状回突触传递活动中的关系

目的　探讨腺苷A1受体阻断剂对海马齿状回 (DG)突触传递活动的影响及其与NMDA受体的关系。方法采用在体记录麻醉大鼠LTP的电生理学方法 ,观察腺苷A1受体特异性阻断剂 8 环戊 1,3 二丙基黄嘌呤 (DPCPX)与NMDA受体激动剂、阻断剂在海马DG基础突触传递活动和高频刺激诱导的LTP中作用的相关性。结果　DPCPX(6mg·L- 1,5μL ,icv)或NMDA(0 2mg·L- 1,5μL ,icv)不影响大鼠海马DG突触传递活动 ,DPCPX对icvNMDA后高频刺激诱导已形成的LTP维持也无影响 ;预先给予DPCPX后则可显著增强NMDA的海马DG基础突触传递活动和LTP ;AP5(0 5mg·L- 1,5μL)阻断NMDA受体后对LTP的抑制作用不受DPCPX的影响 ,但预先给予DPCPX则可取消AP5 对LTP的抑制作用。结论　DPCPX不影响海马DG突触传递活动 ,但可影响NMDA受体的效应 ,增强NMDA受体在海马DG突触传递活动中的作用     

猪血中唾液酸的分离纯化工艺

猪血浆于80℃经酸水解后,用阳离子及阴离子交换树脂分离纯化、减压浓缩和冷冻干燥所得唾液酸成品,经薄层层析、紫外、红外光谱及质谱等确证,含量达88.8％。